doc: fix typo in chinese translation (#305)

Co-authored-by: 燕归来 <dylan@infinni.io>

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+liberapay: Duke_Du
+patreon: DukeDu

.github/workflows/codecov.yml

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ on:
   push:
     branches:
       - main
-      # - v2
+      - rc
   pull_request:
     branches:
       - main
-      # - v2
+      - rc
 jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@ jobs:
           fetch-depth: 2
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v2
         with:
-          go-version: "1.16"
+          go-version: "1.20"
       - name: Run coverage
         run: go test -v ./... -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic
+      - name: Run govet
+        run: go vet -v ./...
       - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
         run: bash <(curl -s https://codecov.io/bash)

.gitignore

@@ -6,4 +6,10 @@ fileutil/*.txt
 fileutil/*.zip
 fileutil/*.link
 fileutil/unzip/*
-cryptor/*.pem
+fileutil/tempdir/*
+slice/testdata/*
+# cryptor/*.pem
+test
+docs/node_modules
+docs/.vitepress/cache
+docs/.vitepress/dist

CONTRIBUTION.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Lancet Contribution Guide
+
+Hi! Thank you for choosing Lancet.
+
+Lancet is a powerful, efficient, and reusable util function library of go. It makes Go dev easier by taking the hassle out of working with concurrency, net, math, slice, string, etc.
+
+We are excited that you are interested in contributing to lancet. Before submitting your contribution though, please make sure to take a moment and read through the following guidelines.
+
+## Issue Guidelines
+
+- Issues are exclusively for bug reports, feature requests and design-related topics. Other questions may be closed directly.
+
+- Before submitting an issue, please check if similar problems have already been issued.
+
+- Please specify which version of Lancet and Go you are using, and provide OS information. [Go Playground](https://go.dev/play/) is recommended to build a live demo so that your issue can be reproduced clearly.
+
+## Pull Request Guidelines
+
+- Fork this repository to your own account. Do not create branches here.
+
+- Commit info should be formatted as `type(scope): info about commit`. eg. `fix(package): [scrollbar] fix xxx bug`.
+
+  1. type: type must be one of [chore, docs, feat, fix, refactor, release, test].
+
+  2. scope: scope must be one of [package, file, internal].
+
+  3. header: header must not be longer than 72 characters.
+
+- Rebase before creating a PR to keep commit history clear.
+
+- Before submitting a PR, please execute the unit test command: `go test -v ./...` to ensure that all unit test tasks should pass.
+
+- Make sure PRs are created to `rc` branch instead of other branch.
+
+- If your PR fixes a bug, please provide a description about the related bug.
+
+- If the PR is for a new feature, make sure to complete the relevant documentation (/lancet/docs/en/api/packages).

CONTRIBUTION.zh-CN.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Lancet 贡献指南
+
+Hi! 首先感谢你使用 Lancet。
+
+lancet（柳叶刀）是一个功能强大、全面、高效、可复用的go语言工具函数库。它消除了处理并发、网络、数学、切片、字符串等的麻烦，使 Go 开发变得更容易。
+
+Lancet 的成长离不开大家的支持，如果你愿意为 Lancet 贡献代码或提供建议，请阅读以下内容。
+
+## Issue 规范
+
+- issue 仅用于提交 Bug 或 Feature 以及设计相关的内容，其它内容可能会被直接关闭。
+
+- 在提交 issue 之前，请搜索相关内容是否已被提出。
+
+- 请说明 Lancet 和 Go 的版本号，并提供操作系统信息。推荐使用 [Go Playground](https://go.dev/play/) 生成在线 demo，这能够更直观地重现问题。
+
+## Pull Request 规范
+
+- 请先 fork 一份到自己的项目下，不要直接在仓库下建分支。
+
+- commit 信息要以 `type(scope): 描述信息` 的形式填写，例如 `fix(package): [scrollbar] fix xxx bug`。
+
+  1. type: 必须是 chore, docs, feat, fix, refactor, release, test 其中的一个。
+
+  2. scope: 必须是 package, file, internal 其中的一个。
+
+  3. header: 描述信息不要超过 72 个字符。
+
+- 提交 PR 前请 rebase，确保 commit 记录的整洁。
+
+- 提交 PR 前请执行单元测试命令：go test -v ./...，确保所有单元测试任务通过。
+
+- 确保 PR 是提交到 `rc` 分支，而不是其他分支。
+
+- 如果是修复 bug，请在 PR 中给出描述信息。
+
+- 如果PR是新功能，确保完成相关文档(/lancet/docs/api/packages)。

SECURITY.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Security Policy
+
+## Supported Versions
+Here is the lancet version and compatibility with go language version.
+
+| Version | Supported         |
+| ------- | ------------------|
+| 2.x.x   | +go v1.18         |
+| 1.x.x   | +go v1.12         |
+
+
+## Reporting a Vulnerability
+
+For now, there is no public website to report a vulnerability, If you find security issue in lancet, you can send it to me via my email `lanliddd.2007@163.com`.
+we can discuss it. I am appreciate if someone can create a public page for reporting vulnerability.

algorithm/lrucache.go

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+package algorithm
+
+type lruNode[K comparable, V any] struct {
+	key   K
+	value V
+	pre   *lruNode[K, V]
+	next  *lruNode[K, V]
+}
+
+// newLruNode return a lruNode pointer
+func newLruNode[K comparable, V any](key K, value V) *lruNode[K, V] {
+	return &lruNode[K, V]{
+		key:   key,
+		value: value,
+		pre:   nil,
+		next:  nil,
+	}
+}
+
+// LRUCache lru cache (thread unsafe)
+type LRUCache[K comparable, V any] struct {
+	cache    map[K]*lruNode[K, V]
+	head     *lruNode[K, V]
+	tail     *lruNode[K, V]
+	capacity int
+	length   int
+}
+
+// NewLRUCache creates a LRUCache pointer instance.
+func NewLRUCache[K comparable, V any](capacity int) *LRUCache[K, V] {
+	return &LRUCache[K, V]{
+		cache:    make(map[K]*lruNode[K, V], capacity),
+		head:     nil,
+		tail:     nil,
+		capacity: capacity,
+		length:   0,
+	}
+}
+
+// Get value of key from lru cache.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/iUynEfOP8G0
+func (l *LRUCache[K, V]) Get(key K) (V, bool) {
+	var value V
+
+	node, ok := l.cache[key]
+	if ok {
+		l.moveToTail(node)
+		return node.value, true
+	}
+
+	return value, false
+}
+
+// Put value of key into lru cache.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/iUynEfOP8G0
+func (l *LRUCache[K, V]) Put(key K, value V) {
+	node, ok := l.cache[key]
+	if !ok {
+		newNode := newLruNode(key, value)
+		l.cache[key] = newNode
+		l.addNode(newNode)
+
+		if len(l.cache) > l.capacity {
+			oldKey := l.deleteNode(l.head)
+			delete(l.cache, oldKey)
+		}
+	} else {
+		node.value = value
+		l.moveToTail(node)
+	}
+	l.length = len(l.cache)
+}
+
+// Delete item from lru cache.
+func (l *LRUCache[K, V]) Delete(key K) bool {
+	node, ok := l.cache[key]
+	if ok {
+		key := l.deleteNode(node)
+		delete(l.cache, key)
+		return true
+	}
+	l.length = len(l.cache)
+	return false
+}
+
+// Len returns the number of items in the cache.
+func (l *LRUCache[K, V]) Len() int {
+	return l.length
+}
+
+func (l *LRUCache[K, V]) addNode(node *lruNode[K, V]) {
+	if l.tail != nil {
+		l.tail.next = node
+		node.pre = l.tail
+		node.next = nil
+	}
+	l.tail = node
+	if l.head == nil {
+		l.head = node
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *LRUCache[K, V]) deleteNode(node *lruNode[K, V]) K {
+	if node == l.tail {
+		l.tail = l.tail.pre
+	} else if node == l.head {
+		l.head = l.head.next
+	} else {
+		node.pre.next = node.next
+		node.next.pre = node.pre
+	}
+	return node.key
+}
+
+func (l *LRUCache[K, V]) moveToTail(node *lruNode[K, V]) {
+	if l.tail == node {
+		return
+	}
+	l.deleteNode(node)
+	l.addNode(node)
+}

algorithm/lrucache_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package algorithm
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func ExampleLRUCache_Put() {
+	cache := NewLRUCache[int, int](2)
+
+	cache.Put(1, 1)
+	cache.Put(2, 2)
+
+	result1, ok1 := cache.Get(1)
+	result2, ok2 := cache.Get(2)
+	result3, ok3 := cache.Get(3)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1, ok1)
+	fmt.Println(result2, ok2)
+	fmt.Println(result3, ok3)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1 true
+	// 2 true
+	// 0 false
+}
+
+func ExampleLRUCache_Get() {
+	cache := NewLRUCache[int, int](2)
+
+	cache.Put(1, 1)
+	cache.Put(2, 2)
+
+	result1, ok1 := cache.Get(1)
+	result2, ok2 := cache.Get(2)
+	result3, ok3 := cache.Get(3)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1, ok1)
+	fmt.Println(result2, ok2)
+	fmt.Println(result3, ok3)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1 true
+	// 2 true
+	// 0 false
+}
+
+func ExampleLRUCache_Delete() {
+	cache := NewLRUCache[int, int](2)
+
+	cache.Put(1, 1)
+	cache.Put(2, 2)
+
+	result1, ok1 := cache.Get(1)
+
+	ok2 := cache.Delete(2)
+
+	_, ok3 := cache.Get(2)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1, ok1)
+	fmt.Println(ok2)
+	fmt.Println(ok3)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1 true
+	// true
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleLRUCache_Len() {
+	cache := NewLRUCache[int, int](2)
+
+	cache.Put(1, 1)
+	cache.Put(2, 2)
+
+	result := cache.Len()
+
+	fmt.Println(result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 2
+}

algorithm/lrucache_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package algorithm
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestLRUCache(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLRUCache")
+
+	cache := NewLRUCache[int, int](3)
+
+	cache.Put(1, 1)
+	cache.Put(2, 2)
+	cache.Put(3, 3)
+
+	assert.Equal(3, cache.Len())
+
+	v, ok := cache.Get(1)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
+	assert.Equal(1, v)
+
+	v, ok = cache.Get(2)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
+	assert.Equal(2, v)
+
+	ok = cache.Delete(2)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
+
+	_, ok = cache.Get(2)
+	assert.Equal(false, ok)
+}

algorithm/search.go

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package algorithm contain some basic algorithm functions. eg. sort, search, list, linklist, stack, queue, tree, graph.
+package algorithm
+
+import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/constraints"
+
+// Search algorithms see https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Go/tree/master/search
+
+// LinearSearch return the index of target in slice base on equal function.
+// If not found return -1
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/IsS7rgn5s3x
+func LinearSearch[T any](slice []T, target T, equal func(a, b T) bool) int {
+	for i, v := range slice {
+		if equal(v, target) {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	return -1
+}
+
+// BinarySearch return the index of target within a sorted slice, use binary search (recursive call itself).
+// If not found return -1.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/t6MeGiUSN47
+func BinarySearch[T any](sortedSlice []T, target T, lowIndex, highIndex int, comparator constraints.Comparator) int {
+	if highIndex < lowIndex || len(sortedSlice) == 0 {
+		return -1
+	}
+
+	midIndex := int(lowIndex + (highIndex-lowIndex)/2)
+	isMidValGreatTarget := comparator.Compare(sortedSlice[midIndex], target) == 1
+	isMidValLessTarget := comparator.Compare(sortedSlice[midIndex], target) == -1
+
+	if isMidValGreatTarget {
+		return BinarySearch(sortedSlice, target, lowIndex, midIndex-1, comparator)
+	} else if isMidValLessTarget {
+		return BinarySearch(sortedSlice, target, midIndex+1, highIndex, comparator)
+	}
+
+	return midIndex
+}
+
+// BinaryIterativeSearch return the index of target within a sorted slice, use binary search (no recursive).
+// If not found return -1.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/Anozfr8ZLH3
+func BinaryIterativeSearch[T any](sortedSlice []T, target T, lowIndex, highIndex int, comparator constraints.Comparator) int {
+	startIndex := lowIndex
+	endIndex := highIndex
+
+	var midIndex int
+	for startIndex <= endIndex {
+		midIndex = int(startIndex + (endIndex-startIndex)/2)
+		isMidValGreatTarget := comparator.Compare(sortedSlice[midIndex], target) == 1
+		isMidValLessTarget := comparator.Compare(sortedSlice[midIndex], target) == -1
+
+		if isMidValGreatTarget {
+			endIndex = midIndex - 1
+		} else if isMidValLessTarget {
+			startIndex = midIndex + 1
+		} else {
+			return midIndex
+		}
+	}
+	return -1
+}

algorithm/search_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package algorithm
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func ExampleLinearSearch() {
+	numbers := []int{3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 1}
+
+	equalFunc := func(a, b int) bool {
+		return a == b
+	}
+
+	result1 := LinearSearch(numbers, 3, equalFunc)
+	result2 := LinearSearch(numbers, 6, equalFunc)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 0
+	// -1
+}
+
+func ExampleBinarySearch() {
+	numbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	result1 := BinarySearch(numbers, 5, 0, len(numbers)-1, comparator)
+	result2 := BinarySearch(numbers, 9, 0, len(numbers)-1, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 4
+	// -1
+}
+
+func ExampleBinaryIterativeSearch() {
+	numbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	result1 := BinaryIterativeSearch(numbers, 5, 0, len(numbers)-1, comparator)
+	result2 := BinaryIterativeSearch(numbers, 9, 0, len(numbers)-1, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 4
+	// -1
+}

algorithm/search_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package algorithm
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestLinearSearch(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLinearSearch")
+
+	numbers := []int{3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 1}
+	equalFunc := func(a, b int) bool {
+		return a == b
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(0, LinearSearch(numbers, 3, equalFunc))
+	assert.Equal(-1, LinearSearch(numbers, 6, equalFunc))
+}
+
+func TestBinarySearch(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBinarySearch")
+
+	sortedNumbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	assert.Equal(4, BinarySearch(sortedNumbers, 5, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
+	assert.Equal(-1, BinarySearch(sortedNumbers, 9, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
+}
+
+func TestBinaryIterativeSearch(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBinaryIterativeSearch")
+
+	sortedNumbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	assert.Equal(4, BinaryIterativeSearch(sortedNumbers, 5, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
+	assert.Equal(-1, BinaryIterativeSearch(sortedNumbers, 9, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
+}

algorithm/sort.go

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+package algorithm
+
+import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/constraints"
+
+// BubbleSort applys the bubble sort algorithm to sort the collection, will change the original collection data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/GNdv7Jg2Taj
+func BubbleSort[T any](slice []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	for i := 0; i < len(slice); i++ {
+		breakTag := false
+		for j := 0; j < len(slice)-1-i; j++ {
+			isCurrGreatThanNext := comparator.Compare(slice[j], slice[j+1]) == 1
+			if isCurrGreatThanNext {
+				swap(slice, j, j+1)
+				breakTag = true
+			}
+		}
+		if !breakTag {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// InsertionSort applys the insertion sort algorithm to sort the collection, will change the original collection data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/G5LJiWgJJW6
+func InsertionSort[T any](slice []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	for i := 0; i < len(slice); i++ {
+		for j := i; j > 0; j-- {
+			isPreLessThanCurrent := comparator.Compare(slice[j], slice[j-1]) == -1
+			if isPreLessThanCurrent {
+				swap(slice, j, j-1)
+			} else {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// SelectionSort applys the selection sort algorithm to sort the collection, will change the original collection data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/oXovbkekayS
+func SelectionSort[T any](slice []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	for i := 0; i < len(slice); i++ {
+		min := i
+		for j := i + 1; j < len(slice); j++ {
+			if comparator.Compare(slice[j], slice[min]) == -1 {
+				min = j
+			}
+		}
+		swap(slice, i, min)
+	}
+}
+
+// ShellSort applys the shell sort algorithm to sort the collection, will change the original collection data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/3ibkszpJEu3
+func ShellSort[T any](slice []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	size := len(slice)
+
+	gap := 1
+	for gap < size/3 {
+		gap = 3*gap + 1
+	}
+
+	for gap >= 1 {
+		for i := gap; i < size; i++ {
+			for j := i; j >= gap && comparator.Compare(slice[j], slice[j-gap]) == -1; j -= gap {
+				swap(slice, j, j-gap)
+			}
+		}
+		gap = gap / 3
+	}
+}
+
+// QuickSort quick sorting for slice, lowIndex is 0 and highIndex is len(slice)-1.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/7Y7c1Elk3ax
+func QuickSort[T any](slice []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	quickSort(slice, 0, len(slice)-1, comparator)
+}
+
+func quickSort[T any](slice []T, lowIndex, highIndex int, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	if lowIndex < highIndex {
+		p := partition(slice, lowIndex, highIndex, comparator)
+		quickSort(slice, lowIndex, p-1, comparator)
+		quickSort(slice, p+1, highIndex, comparator)
+	}
+}
+
+// partition split slice into two parts
+func partition[T any](slice []T, lowIndex, highIndex int, comparator constraints.Comparator) int {
+	p := slice[highIndex]
+	i := lowIndex
+	for j := lowIndex; j < highIndex; j++ {
+		if comparator.Compare(slice[j], p) == -1 { //slice[j] < p
+			swap(slice, i, j)
+			i++
+		}
+	}
+
+	swap(slice, i, highIndex)
+
+	return i
+}
+
+// HeapSort applys the heap sort algorithm to sort the collection, will change the original collection data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/u6Iwa1VZS_f
+func HeapSort[T any](slice []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	size := len(slice)
+
+	for i := size/2 - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		sift(slice, i, size-1, comparator)
+	}
+	for j := size - 1; j > 0; j-- {
+		swap(slice, 0, j)
+		sift(slice, 0, j-1, comparator)
+	}
+}
+
+func sift[T any](slice []T, lowIndex, highIndex int, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	i := lowIndex
+	j := 2*i + 1
+
+	temp := slice[i]
+	for j <= highIndex {
+		if j < highIndex && comparator.Compare(slice[j], slice[j+1]) == -1 { //slice[j] < slice[j+1]
+			j++
+		}
+		if comparator.Compare(temp, slice[j]) == -1 { //tmp < slice[j]
+			slice[i] = slice[j]
+			i = j
+			j = 2*i + 1
+		} else {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	slice[i] = temp
+}
+
+// MergeSort applys the merge sort algorithm to sort the collection, will change the original collection data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/ydinn9YzUJn
+func MergeSort[T any](slice []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	mergeSort(slice, 0, len(slice)-1, comparator)
+}
+
+func mergeSort[T any](slice []T, lowIndex, highIndex int, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	if lowIndex < highIndex {
+		mid := (lowIndex + highIndex) / 2
+		mergeSort(slice, lowIndex, mid, comparator)
+		mergeSort(slice, mid+1, highIndex, comparator)
+		merge(slice, lowIndex, mid, highIndex, comparator)
+	}
+}
+
+func merge[T any](slice []T, lowIndex, midIndex, highIndex int, comparator constraints.Comparator) {
+	i := lowIndex
+	j := midIndex + 1
+	temp := []T{}
+
+	for i <= midIndex && j <= highIndex {
+		//slice[i] < slice[j]
+		if comparator.Compare(slice[i], slice[j]) == -1 {
+			temp = append(temp, slice[i])
+			i++
+		} else {
+			temp = append(temp, slice[j])
+			j++
+		}
+	}
+
+	if i <= midIndex {
+		temp = append(temp, slice[i:midIndex+1]...)
+	} else {
+		temp = append(temp, slice[j:highIndex+1]...)
+	}
+
+	for k := 0; k < len(temp); k++ {
+		slice[lowIndex+k] = temp[k]
+	}
+}
+
+// CountSort applys the count sort algorithm to sort the collection, don't change the original collection data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/tB-Umgm0DrP
+func CountSort[T any](slice []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) []T {
+	size := len(slice)
+	out := make([]T, size)
+
+	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
+		count := 0
+		for j := 0; j < size; j++ {
+			//slice[i] > slice[j]
+			if comparator.Compare(slice[i], slice[j]) == 1 {
+				count++
+			}
+		}
+		out[count] = slice[i]
+	}
+
+	return out
+}
+
+// swap two slice value at index i and j
+func swap[T any](slice []T, i, j int) {
+	slice[i], slice[j] = slice[j], slice[i]
+}

algorithm/sort_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+package algorithm
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func ExampleBubbleSort() {
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	BubbleSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(numbers)
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}
+
+func ExampleCountSort() {
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	sortedNumber := CountSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(numbers)
+	fmt.Println(sortedNumber)
+	// Output:
+	// [2 1 5 3 6 4]
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}
+
+func ExampleHeapSort() {
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	HeapSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(numbers)
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}
+
+func ExampleMergeSort() {
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	MergeSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(numbers)
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}
+
+func ExampleInsertionSort() {
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	InsertionSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(numbers)
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}
+
+func ExampleSelectionSort() {
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	SelectionSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(numbers)
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}
+
+func ExampleShellSort() {
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	ShellSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(numbers)
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}
+
+func ExampleQuickSort() {
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+
+	QuickSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	fmt.Println(numbers)
+	// Output:
+	// [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}

algorithm/sort_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+package algorithm
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+// People test mock data
+type people struct {
+	Name string
+	Age  int
+}
+
+// PeopleAageComparator sort people slice by age field
+type peopleAgeComparator struct{}
+
+// Compare implements github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/constraints/constraints.go/Comparator
+func (pc *peopleAgeComparator) Compare(v1 any, v2 any) int {
+	p1, _ := v1.(people)
+	p2, _ := v2.(people)
+
+	//ascending order
+	if p1.Age < p2.Age {
+		return -1
+	} else if p1.Age > p2.Age {
+		return 1
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+type intComparator struct{}
+
+func (c *intComparator) Compare(v1 any, v2 any) int {
+	val1, _ := v1.(int)
+	val2, _ := v2.(int)
+
+	//ascending order
+	if val1 < val2 {
+		return -1
+	} else if val1 > val2 {
+		return 1
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func TestBubbleSortForStructSlice(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBubbleSortForStructSlice")
+
+	peoples := []people{
+		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
+		{Name: "b", Age: 10},
+		{Name: "c", Age: 17},
+		{Name: "d", Age: 8},
+		{Name: "e", Age: 28},
+	}
+	comparator := &peopleAgeComparator{}
+	BubbleSort(peoples, comparator)
+
+	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
+	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
+}
+
+func TestBubbleSortForIntSlice(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBubbleSortForIntSlice")
+
+	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
+	comparator := &intComparator{}
+	BubbleSort(numbers, comparator)
+
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, numbers)
+}
+
+func TestInsertionSort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestInsertionSort")
+
+	peoples := []people{
+		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
+		{Name: "b", Age: 10},
+		{Name: "c", Age: 17},
+		{Name: "d", Age: 8},
+		{Name: "e", Age: 28},
+	}
+	comparator := &peopleAgeComparator{}
+	InsertionSort(peoples, comparator)
+
+	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
+	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
+}
+
+func TestSelectionSort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSelectionSort")
+
+	peoples := []people{
+		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
+		{Name: "b", Age: 10},
+		{Name: "c", Age: 17},
+		{Name: "d", Age: 8},
+		{Name: "e", Age: 28},
+	}
+	comparator := &peopleAgeComparator{}
+	SelectionSort(peoples, comparator)
+
+	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
+	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
+}
+
+func TestShellSort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestShellSort")
+
+	peoples := []people{
+		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
+		{Name: "b", Age: 10},
+		{Name: "c", Age: 17},
+		{Name: "d", Age: 8},
+		{Name: "e", Age: 28},
+	}
+	comparator := &peopleAgeComparator{}
+	ShellSort(peoples, comparator)
+
+	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
+	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
+}
+
+func TestQuickSort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestQuickSort")
+
+	peoples := []people{
+		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
+		{Name: "b", Age: 10},
+		{Name: "c", Age: 17},
+		{Name: "d", Age: 8},
+		{Name: "e", Age: 28},
+	}
+	comparator := &peopleAgeComparator{}
+	QuickSort(peoples, comparator)
+
+	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
+	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
+}
+
+func TestHeapSort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHeapSort")
+
+	peoples := []people{
+		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
+		{Name: "b", Age: 10},
+		{Name: "c", Age: 17},
+		{Name: "d", Age: 8},
+		{Name: "e", Age: 28},
+	}
+	comparator := &peopleAgeComparator{}
+	HeapSort(peoples, comparator)
+
+	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
+	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
+}
+
+func TestMergeSort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMergeSort")
+
+	peoples := []people{
+		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
+		{Name: "b", Age: 10},
+		{Name: "c", Age: 17},
+		{Name: "d", Age: 8},
+		{Name: "e", Age: 28},
+	}
+	comparator := &peopleAgeComparator{}
+	MergeSort(peoples, comparator)
+
+	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
+	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
+}
+
+func TestCountSort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestCountSort")
+
+	peoples := []people{
+		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
+		{Name: "b", Age: 10},
+		{Name: "c", Age: 17},
+		{Name: "d", Age: 8},
+		{Name: "e", Age: 28},
+	}
+	comparator := &peopleAgeComparator{}
+	sortedPeopleByAge := CountSort(peoples, comparator)
+
+	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
+	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", sortedPeopleByAge)
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
+}

compare/compare.go

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// Copyright 2023 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights resulterved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package compare provides a lightweight comparison function on any type.
+// reference: https://github.com/stretchr/testify
+package compare
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/convertor"
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+	"golang.org/x/exp/constraints"
+)
+
+// operator type
+const (
+	equal          = "eq"
+	lessThan       = "lt"
+	greaterThan    = "gt"
+	lessOrEqual    = "le"
+	greaterOrEqual = "ge"
+)
+
+var (
+	timeType  = reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{})
+	bytesType = reflect.TypeOf([]byte{})
+)
+
+// Equal checks if two values are equal or not. (check both type and value)
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/wmVxR-to4lz
+func Equal(left, right any) bool {
+	return compareValue(equal, left, right)
+}
+
+// EqualValue checks if two values are equal or not. (check value only)
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/fxnna_LLD9u
+func EqualValue(left, right any) bool {
+	ls, rs := convertor.ToString(left), convertor.ToString(right)
+	return ls == rs
+}
+
+// LessThan checks if value `left` less than value `right`.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/cYh7FQQj0ne
+func LessThan(left, right any) bool {
+	return compareValue(lessThan, left, right)
+}
+
+// GreaterThan checks if value `left` greater than value `right`.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/9-NYDFZmIMp
+func GreaterThan(left, right any) bool {
+	return compareValue(greaterThan, left, right)
+}
+
+// LessOrEqual checks if value `left` less than or equal to value `right`.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/e4T_scwoQzp
+func LessOrEqual(left, right any) bool {
+	return compareValue(lessOrEqual, left, right)
+}
+
+// GreaterOrEqual checks if value `left` greater than or equal to value `right`.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/vx8mP0U8DFk
+func GreaterOrEqual(left, right any) bool {
+	return compareValue(greaterOrEqual, left, right)
+}
+
+// InDelta checks if two values are equal or not within a delta.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/TuDdcNtMkjo
+func InDelta[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](left, right T, delta float64) bool {
+	return float64(mathutil.Abs(left-right)) <= delta
+}

compare/compare_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+package compare
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func ExampleEqual() {
+	result1 := Equal(1, 1)
+	result2 := Equal("1", "1")
+	result3 := Equal([]int{1, 2, 3}, []int{1, 2, 3})
+	result4 := Equal(map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"})
+
+	result5 := Equal(1, "1")
+	result6 := Equal(1, int64(1))
+	result7 := Equal([]int{1, 2}, []int{1, 2, 3})
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+	fmt.Println(result7)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleEqualValue() {
+	result1 := EqualValue(1, 1)
+	result2 := EqualValue(int(1), int64(1))
+	result3 := EqualValue(1, "1")
+	result4 := EqualValue(1, "2")
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleLessThan() {
+	result1 := LessThan(1, 2)
+	result2 := LessThan(1.1, 2.2)
+	result3 := LessThan("a", "b")
+
+	time1 := time.Now()
+	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
+	result4 := LessThan(time1, time2)
+
+	result5 := LessThan(2, 1)
+	result6 := LessThan(1, int64(2))
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleGreaterThan() {
+	result1 := GreaterThan(2, 1)
+	result2 := GreaterThan(2.2, 1.1)
+	result3 := GreaterThan("b", "a")
+
+	time1 := time.Now()
+	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
+	result4 := GreaterThan(time2, time1)
+
+	result5 := GreaterThan(1, 2)
+	result6 := GreaterThan(int64(2), 1)
+	result7 := GreaterThan("b", "c")
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+	fmt.Println(result7)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleLessOrEqual() {
+	result1 := LessOrEqual(1, 1)
+	result2 := LessOrEqual(1.1, 2.2)
+	result3 := LessOrEqual("a", "b")
+
+	time1 := time.Now()
+	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
+	result4 := LessOrEqual(time1, time2)
+
+	result5 := LessOrEqual(2, 1)
+	result6 := LessOrEqual(1, int64(2))
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleGreaterOrEqual() {
+	result1 := GreaterOrEqual(1, 1)
+	result2 := GreaterOrEqual(2.2, 1.1)
+	result3 := GreaterOrEqual("b", "b")
+
+	time1 := time.Now()
+	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
+	result4 := GreaterOrEqual(time2, time1)
+
+	result5 := GreaterOrEqual(1, 2)
+	result6 := GreaterOrEqual(int64(2), 1)
+	result7 := GreaterOrEqual("b", "c")
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+	fmt.Println(result7)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleInDelta() {
+	result1 := InDelta(1, 1, 0)
+	result2 := InDelta(1, 2, 0)
+
+	result3 := InDelta(2.0/3.0, 0.66667, 0.001)
+	result4 := InDelta(2.0/3.0, 0.0, 0.001)
+
+	result5 := InDelta(float64(74.96)-float64(20.48), 54.48, 0)
+	result6 := InDelta(float64(74.96)-float64(20.48), 54.48, 1e-14)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// false
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+	// true
+}

compare/compare_internal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+package compare
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"math/big"
+	"reflect"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/convertor"
+)
+
+func compareValue(operator string, left, right any) bool {
+	leftType, rightType := reflect.TypeOf(left), reflect.TypeOf(right)
+
+	if leftType.Kind() != rightType.Kind() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	switch leftType.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64,
+		reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64,
+		reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64, reflect.Bool, reflect.String:
+		return compareBasicValue(operator, left, right)
+
+	case reflect.Struct, reflect.Slice, reflect.Map:
+		return compareRefValue(operator, left, right, leftType.Kind())
+
+	case reflect.Ptr:
+		if leftVal, ok := left.(*big.Int); ok {
+			if rightVal, ok := right.(*big.Int); ok {
+				return compareBigInt(operator, leftVal, rightVal)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func compareRefValue(operator string, leftObj, rightObj any, kind reflect.Kind) bool {
+	leftVal, rightVal := reflect.ValueOf(leftObj), reflect.ValueOf(rightObj)
+
+	switch kind {
+	case reflect.Struct:
+
+		// compare time
+		if leftVal.CanConvert(timeType) {
+			timeObj1, ok := leftObj.(time.Time)
+			if !ok {
+				timeObj1 = leftVal.Convert(timeType).Interface().(time.Time)
+			}
+
+			timeObj2, ok := rightObj.(time.Time)
+			if !ok {
+				timeObj2 = rightVal.Convert(timeType).Interface().(time.Time)
+			}
+
+			return compareBasicValue(operator, timeObj1.UnixNano(), timeObj2.UnixNano())
+		}
+
+		// for other struct type, only process equal operator
+		switch operator {
+		case equal:
+			return objectsAreEqualValues(leftObj, rightObj)
+		}
+
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		// compare []byte
+		if leftVal.CanConvert(bytesType) {
+			bytesObj1, ok := leftObj.([]byte)
+			if !ok {
+				bytesObj1 = leftVal.Convert(bytesType).Interface().([]byte)
+			}
+			bytesObj2, ok := rightObj.([]byte)
+			if !ok {
+				bytesObj2 = rightVal.Convert(bytesType).Interface().([]byte)
+			}
+
+			switch operator {
+			case equal:
+				if bytes.Equal(bytesObj1, bytesObj2) {
+					return true
+				}
+			case lessThan:
+				if bytes.Compare(bytesObj1, bytesObj2) == -1 {
+					return true
+				}
+			case greaterThan:
+				if bytes.Compare(bytesObj1, bytesObj2) == 1 {
+					return true
+				}
+			case lessOrEqual:
+				if bytes.Compare(bytesObj1, bytesObj2) <= 0 {
+					return true
+				}
+			case greaterOrEqual:
+				if bytes.Compare(bytesObj1, bytesObj2) >= 0 {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+
+		}
+
+		// for other type slice, only process equal operator
+		switch operator {
+		case equal:
+			return reflect.DeepEqual(leftObj, rightObj)
+		}
+
+	case reflect.Map:
+		// only process equal operator
+		switch operator {
+		case equal:
+			return reflect.DeepEqual(leftObj, rightObj)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func objectsAreEqualValues(expected, actual interface{}) bool {
+	if objectsAreEqual(expected, actual) {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	actualType := reflect.TypeOf(actual)
+	if actualType == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	expectedValue := reflect.ValueOf(expected)
+	if expectedValue.IsValid() && expectedValue.Type().ConvertibleTo(actualType) {
+		// Attempt comparison after type conversion
+		return reflect.DeepEqual(expectedValue.Convert(actualType).Interface(), actual)
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func objectsAreEqual(expected, actual interface{}) bool {
+	if expected == nil || actual == nil {
+		return expected == actual
+	}
+
+	exp, ok := expected.([]byte)
+	if !ok {
+		return reflect.DeepEqual(expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	act, ok := actual.([]byte)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	if exp == nil || act == nil {
+		return exp == nil && act == nil
+	}
+	return bytes.Equal(exp, act)
+}
+
+// compareBasic compare basic value: integer, float, string, bool
+func compareBasicValue(operator string, leftValue, rightValue any) bool {
+	if leftValue == nil && rightValue == nil && operator == equal {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	switch leftVal := leftValue.(type) {
+	case int, uint, int8, uint8, int16, uint16, int32, uint32, int64, uint64:
+		left, err := convertor.ToBigInt(leftValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		right, err := convertor.ToBigInt(rightValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		return compareBigInt(operator, left, right)
+
+	case float32, float64:
+		left, err := convertor.ToFloat(leftValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+		right, err := convertor.ToFloat(rightValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		return compareFloats(operator, left, right)
+
+	case string:
+		left := leftVal
+		switch right := rightValue.(type) {
+		case string:
+			return compareStrings(operator, left, right)
+		}
+
+	case bool:
+		left := leftVal
+		switch right := rightValue.(type) {
+		case bool:
+			return compareBools(operator, left, right)
+		}
+
+	case json.Number:
+		if left, err := leftVal.Float64(); err == nil {
+			switch rightVal := rightValue.(type) {
+			case json.Number:
+				if right, err := rightVal.Float64(); err == nil {
+					return compareFloats(operator, left, right)
+				}
+			case float32, float64:
+				right, err := convertor.ToFloat(rightValue)
+				if err != nil {
+					return false
+				}
+				return compareFloats(operator, left, right)
+
+			case int, uint, int8, uint8, int16, uint16, int32, uint32, int64, uint64:
+				right, err := convertor.ToBigInt(rightValue)
+				if err != nil {
+					return false
+				}
+				left, err := convertor.ToBigInt(left)
+				return compareBigInt(operator, left, right)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// compareBigInt compares two big.Int values based on the operator
+func compareBigInt(operator string, left, right *big.Int) bool {
+	switch operator {
+	case equal:
+		return left.Cmp(right) == 0
+	case lessThan:
+		return left.Cmp(right) < 0
+	case greaterThan:
+		return left.Cmp(right) > 0
+	case lessOrEqual:
+		return left.Cmp(right) <= 0
+	case greaterOrEqual:
+		return left.Cmp(right) >= 0
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// compareFloats compares two float64 values based on the operator
+func compareFloats(operator string, left, right float64) bool {
+	switch operator {
+	case equal:
+		return left == right
+	case lessThan:
+		return left < right
+	case greaterThan:
+		return left > right
+	case lessOrEqual:
+		return left <= right
+	case greaterOrEqual:
+		return left >= right
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// compareStrings compares two string values based on the operator
+func compareStrings(operator string, left, right string) bool {
+	switch operator {
+	case equal:
+		return left == right
+	case lessThan:
+		return left < right
+	case greaterThan:
+		return left > right
+	case lessOrEqual:
+		return left <= right
+	case greaterOrEqual:
+		return left >= right
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// compareBools compares two boolean values based on the operator
+func compareBools(operator string, left, right bool) bool {
+	switch operator {
+	case equal:
+		return left == right
+	}
+	return false
+}

compare/compare_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+package compare
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"math/big"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestEqual(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestEqual")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		left  any
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 1, true},
+		{int64(1), int64(1), true},
+		{"a", "a", true},
+		{true, true, true},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3}, []int{1, 2, 3}, true},
+		{map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, true},
+		{1, 2, false},
+		{1, int64(1), false},
+		{"a", "b", false},
+		{true, false, false},
+		{[]int{1, 2}, []int{1, 2, 3}, false},
+		{map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a"}, false},
+		// {time.Now(), time.Now(), true},
+		// {time.Now(), time.Now().Add(time.Second), false},
+		{[]byte("hello"), []byte("hello"), true},
+		{[]byte("hello"), []byte("world"), false},
+		{json.Number("123"), json.Number("123"), true},
+		{json.Number("123"), json.Number("124"), false},
+
+		{big.NewInt(123), big.NewInt(123), true},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, Equal(tt.left, tt.right))
+	}
+
+}
+
+func TestEqualValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestEqualValue")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		left  any
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 1, true},
+		{int64(1), int64(1), true},
+		{"a", "a", true},
+		{true, true, true},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3}, []int{1, 2, 3}, true},
+		{map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, true},
+		{1, 2, false},
+		{1, int64(1), true},
+		{"a", "b", false},
+		{true, false, false},
+		{[]int{1, 2}, []int{1, 2, 3}, false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, EqualValue(tt.left, tt.right))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLessThan(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLessThan")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		left  any
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 2, true},
+		{1.1, 2.2, true},
+		{"a", "b", true},
+		{time.Now(), time.Now().Add(time.Second), true},
+		{[]byte("hello1"), []byte("hello2"), true},
+		{json.Number("123"), json.Number("124"), true},
+		{645680099112988673, 645680099112988675, true},
+		{1, 1, false},
+		{1, int64(1), false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, LessThan(tt.left, tt.right))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGreaterThan(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestGreaterThan")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		left  any
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{2, 1, true},
+		{2.2, 1.1, true},
+		{"b", "a", true},
+		{time.Now().Add(time.Second), time.Now(), true},
+		{[]byte("hello2"), []byte("hello1"), true},
+		{json.Number("124"), json.Number("123"), true},
+		{645680099112988675, 645680099112988673, true},
+		{1, 1, false},
+		{1, int64(1), false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, GreaterThan(tt.left, tt.right))
+	}
+
+}
+
+func TestLessOrEqual(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLessOrEqual")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		left  any
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 2, true},
+		{1, 1, true},
+		{1.1, 2.2, true},
+		{"a", "b", true},
+		{time.Now(), time.Now().Add(time.Second), true},
+		{[]byte("hello1"), []byte("hello2"), true},
+		{json.Number("123"), json.Number("124"), true},
+		{645680099112988673, 645680099112988675, true},
+		{2, 1, false},
+		{1, int64(2), false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, LessOrEqual(tt.left, tt.right))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGreaterOrEqual(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestGreaterThan")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		left  any
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{2, 1, true},
+		{1, 1, true},
+		{2.2, 1.1, true},
+		{"b", "b", true},
+		{time.Now().Add(time.Second), time.Now(), true},
+		{[]byte("hello2"), []byte("hello1"), true},
+		{json.Number("124"), json.Number("123"), true},
+		{645680099112988675, 645680099112988673, true},
+		{1, 2, false},
+		{int64(2), 1, false},
+		{"b", "c", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, GreaterOrEqual(tt.left, tt.right))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInDelta(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestInDelta")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		left  float64
+		right float64
+		delta float64
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 1, 0, true},
+		{1, 2, 0, false},
+		{2.0 / 3.0, 0.66667, 0.001, true},
+		{2.0 / 3.0, 0.0, 0.001, false},
+		{float64(74.96) - float64(20.48), 54.48, 0, false},
+		{float64(74.96) - float64(20.48), 54.48, 1e-14, true},
+		{float64(float32(80.45)), float64(80.45), 0, false},
+		{float64(float32(80.45)), float64(80.45), 1e-5, true},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, InDelta(tt.left, tt.right, tt.delta))
+	}
+}

concurrency/channel.go

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package concurrency contain some functions to support concurrent programming. eg, goroutine, channel.
+package concurrency
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+// Channel is a logic object which can generate or manipulate go channel
+// all methods of Channel are in the book tilted《Concurrency in Go》
+type Channel[T any] struct {
+}
+
+// NewChannel return a Channel instance
+func NewChannel[T any]() *Channel[T] {
+	return &Channel[T]{}
+}
+
+// Generate creates channel, then put values into the channel.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/7aB4KyMMp9A
+func (c *Channel[T]) Generate(ctx context.Context, values ...T) <-chan T {
+	dataStream := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(dataStream)
+
+		for _, v := range values {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case dataStream <- v:
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return dataStream
+}
+
+// Repeat create channel, put values into the channel repeatly until cancel the context.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/k5N_ALVmYjE
+func (c *Channel[T]) Repeat(ctx context.Context, values ...T) <-chan T {
+	dataStream := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(dataStream)
+		for {
+			for _, v := range values {
+				select {
+				case <-ctx.Done():
+					return
+				case dataStream <- v:
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+	return dataStream
+}
+
+// RepeatFn create a channel, excutes fn repeatly, and put the result into the channel
+// until close context.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/4J1zAWttP85
+func (c *Channel[T]) RepeatFn(ctx context.Context, fn func() T) <-chan T {
+	dataStream := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(dataStream)
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case dataStream <- fn():
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+	return dataStream
+}
+
+// Take create a channel whose values are taken from another channel with limit number.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/9Utt-1pDr2J
+func (c *Channel[T]) Take(ctx context.Context, valueStream <-chan T, number int) <-chan T {
+	takeStream := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(takeStream)
+
+		for i := 0; i < number; i++ {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case takeStream <- <-valueStream:
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return takeStream
+}
+
+// FanIn merge multiple channels into one channel.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/2VYFMexEvTm
+func (c *Channel[T]) FanIn(ctx context.Context, channels ...<-chan T) <-chan T {
+	out := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(len(channels))
+
+		for _, c := range channels {
+			go func(c <-chan T) {
+				defer wg.Done()
+				for v := range c {
+					select {
+					case <-ctx.Done():
+						return
+					case out <- v:
+					}
+				}
+			}(c)
+		}
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(out)
+	}()
+
+	return out
+}
+
+// Tee split one chanel into two channels, until cancel the context.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/3TQPKnCirrP
+func (c *Channel[T]) Tee(ctx context.Context, in <-chan T) (<-chan T, <-chan T) {
+	out1 := make(chan T)
+	out2 := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(out1)
+		defer close(out2)
+
+		for val := range c.OrDone(ctx, in) {
+			var out1, out2 = out1, out2
+			for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+				select {
+				case <-ctx.Done():
+				case out1 <- val:
+					out1 = nil
+				case out2 <- val:
+					out2 = nil
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return out1, out2
+}
+
+// Bridge link multiply channels into one channel.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/qmWSy1NVF-Y
+func (c *Channel[T]) Bridge(ctx context.Context, chanStream <-chan <-chan T) <-chan T {
+	valStream := make(chan T)
+	go func() {
+		defer close(valStream)
+		wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+		defer wg.Wait()
+		for {
+			var stream <-chan T
+			select {
+			case maybeStream, ok := <-chanStream:
+				if !ok {
+					return
+				}
+				stream = maybeStream
+				wg.Add(1)
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			}
+
+			go func() {
+				defer wg.Done()
+				for val := range c.OrDone(ctx, stream) {
+					select {
+					case valStream <- val:
+					case <-ctx.Done():
+					}
+				}
+			}()
+		}
+	}()
+	return valStream
+}
+
+// Or read one or more channels into one channel, will close when any readin channel is closed.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/Wqz9rwioPww
+func (c *Channel[T]) Or(channels ...<-chan T) <-chan T {
+	switch len(channels) {
+	case 0:
+		return nil
+	case 1:
+		return channels[0]
+	}
+
+	orDone := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(orDone)
+
+		switch len(channels) {
+		case 2:
+			select {
+			case <-channels[0]:
+			case <-channels[1]:
+			}
+		default:
+			select {
+			case <-channels[0]:
+			case <-channels[1]:
+			case <-channels[2]:
+			case <-c.Or(append(channels[3:], orDone)...):
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return orDone
+}
+
+// OrDone read a channel into another channel, will close until cancel context.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/lm_GoS6aDjo
+func (c *Channel[T]) OrDone(ctx context.Context, channel <-chan T) <-chan T {
+	valStream := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(valStream)
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case v, ok := <-channel:
+				if !ok {
+					return
+				}
+				select {
+				case valStream <- v:
+				case <-ctx.Done():
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+	}()
+
+	return valStream
+}

concurrency/channel_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+package concurrency
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func ExampleChannel_Generate() {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Generate(ctx, 1, 2, 3)
+
+	fmt.Println(<-intStream)
+	fmt.Println(<-intStream)
+	fmt.Println(<-intStream)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1
+	// 2
+	// 3
+}
+
+func ExampleChannel_Repeat() {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1, 2), 4)
+
+	for v := range intStream {
+		fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 1
+	// 2
+	// 1
+	// 2
+}
+
+func ExampleChannel_RepeatFn() {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	fn := func() string {
+		return "hello"
+	}
+
+	c := NewChannel[string]()
+	intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.RepeatFn(ctx, fn), 3)
+
+	for v := range intStream {
+		fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+	// hello
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleChannel_Take() {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	numbers := make(chan int, 5)
+	numbers <- 1
+	numbers <- 2
+	numbers <- 3
+	numbers <- 4
+	numbers <- 5
+	defer close(numbers)
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Take(ctx, numbers, 3)
+
+	for v := range intStream {
+		fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 1
+	// 2
+	// 3
+}
+
+func ExampleChannel_FanIn() {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	channels := make([]<-chan int, 2)
+
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		channels[i] = c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, i), 2)
+	}
+
+	chs := c.FanIn(ctx, channels...)
+
+	for v := range chs {
+		fmt.Println(v) //1 1 0 0 or 0 0 1 1
+	}
+
+}
+
+func ExampleChannel_Or() {
+	sig := func(after time.Duration) <-chan any {
+		c := make(chan any)
+		go func() {
+			defer close(c)
+			time.Sleep(after)
+		}()
+		return c
+	}
+
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	c := NewChannel[any]()
+	<-c.Or(
+		sig(1*time.Second),
+		sig(2*time.Second),
+		sig(3*time.Second),
+	)
+
+	if time.Since(start).Seconds() < 2 {
+		fmt.Println("ok")
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// ok
+}
+
+func ExampleChannel_OrDone() {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1), 3)
+
+	for v := range c.OrDone(ctx, intStream) {
+		fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 1
+	// 1
+	// 1
+}
+
+func ExampleChannel_Tee() {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1), 2)
+
+	ch1, ch2 := c.Tee(ctx, intStream)
+
+	for v := range ch1 {
+		fmt.Println(v)
+		fmt.Println(<-ch2)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 1
+	// 1
+	// 1
+	// 1
+}
+
+func ExampleChannel_Bridge() {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+	m1 := make(map[int]int)
+	m2 := make(map[int]int)
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	genVals := func() <-chan <-chan int {
+		out := make(chan (<-chan int))
+		go func() {
+			defer close(out)
+			for i := 1; i <= 5; i++ {
+				stream := make(chan int, 1)
+				stream <- i
+				m1[i]++
+				close(stream)
+				out <- stream
+			}
+		}()
+		return out
+	}
+
+	for v := range c.Bridge(ctx, genVals()) {
+		m2[v]++
+	}
+	for k, v := range m1 {
+		fmt.Println(m2[k] == v)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+}
+
+func ExampleKeyedLocker_Do() {
+	locker := NewKeyedLocker[string](2 * time.Second)
+
+	task := func() {
+		fmt.Println("Executing task...")
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		fmt.Println("Task completed.")
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if err := locker.Do(ctx, "mykey", task); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Error executing task: %v\n", err)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("Task successfully executed.")
+	}
+
+	ctx2, cancel2 := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*time.Second)
+	defer cancel2()
+
+	if err := locker.Do(ctx2, "mykey", task); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Error executing task: %v\n", err)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("Task successfully executed.")
+	}
+
+	// Output:
+	// Executing task...
+	// Task completed.
+	// Task successfully executed.
+	// Executing task...
+	// Task completed.
+	// Task successfully executed.
+}
+
+func ExampleRWKeyedLocker_Lock() {
+	locker := NewRWKeyedLocker[string](2 * time.Second)
+
+	// Simulate a key
+	key := "resource_key"
+
+	fn := func() {
+		fmt.Println("Starting write operation...")
+		// Simulate write operation, assuming it takes 2 seconds
+		time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
+		fmt.Println("Write operation completed!")
+	}
+
+	// Acquire the write lock and execute the operation
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 1*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// Execute the lock operation with a 3-second timeout
+	err := locker.Lock(ctx, key, fn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	//output:
+	//Starting write operation...
+	//Write operation completed!
+}
+
+func ExampleRWKeyedLocker_RLock() {
+	locker := NewRWKeyedLocker[string](2 * time.Second)
+
+	// Simulate a key
+	key := "resource_key"
+
+	fn := func() {
+		fmt.Println("Starting write operation...")
+		// Simulate write operation, assuming it takes 2 seconds
+		time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
+		fmt.Println("Write operation completed!")
+	}
+
+	// Acquire the write lock and execute the operation
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 1*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// Execute the lock operation with a 3-second timeout
+	err := locker.RLock(ctx, key, fn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	//output:
+	//Starting write operation...
+	//Write operation completed!
+}
+
+func ExampleTryKeyedLocker() {
+	locker := NewTryKeyedLocker[string]()
+
+	key := "resource_key"
+
+	if locker.TryLock(key) {
+		fmt.Println("Lock acquired")
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+		// Unlock after work is done
+		locker.Unlock(key)
+		fmt.Println("Lock released")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("Lock failed")
+	}
+
+	//output:
+	//Lock acquired
+	//Lock released
+}
+
+func ExampleTryKeyedLocker_TryLock() {
+	locker := NewTryKeyedLocker[string]()
+
+	key := "resource_key"
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		if locker.TryLock(key) {
+			time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+			locker.Unlock(key)
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	if locker.TryLock(key) {
+		fmt.Println("Lock acquired")
+		locker.Unlock(key)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("Lock failed")
+	}
+
+	// wait for the goroutine to finish
+	<-done
+
+	fmt.Println("Retrying...")
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	if locker.TryLock(key) {
+		fmt.Println("Lock acquired")
+		locker.Unlock(key)
+		fmt.Println("Lock released")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("Lock failed")
+	}
+
+	// Output:
+	// Lock failed
+	// Retrying...
+	// Lock acquired
+	// Lock released
+}

concurrency/channel_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+package concurrency
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestGenerate(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestGenerate")
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Generate(ctx, 1, 2, 3)
+
+	assert.Equal(1, <-intStream)
+	assert.Equal(2, <-intStream)
+	assert.Equal(3, <-intStream)
+}
+
+func TestRepeat(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestRepeat")
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1, 2), 5)
+
+	assert.Equal(1, <-intStream)
+	assert.Equal(2, <-intStream)
+	assert.Equal(1, <-intStream)
+	assert.Equal(2, <-intStream)
+	assert.Equal(1, <-intStream)
+}
+
+func TestRepeatFn(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestRepeatFn")
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	fn := func() string {
+		s := "a"
+		return s
+	}
+	c := NewChannel[string]()
+	dataStream := c.Take(ctx, c.RepeatFn(ctx, fn), 3)
+
+	assert.Equal("a", <-dataStream)
+	assert.Equal("a", <-dataStream)
+	assert.Equal("a", <-dataStream)
+}
+
+func TestTake(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestTake")
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	numbers := make(chan int, 5)
+	numbers <- 1
+	numbers <- 2
+	numbers <- 3
+	numbers <- 4
+	numbers <- 5
+	defer close(numbers)
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Take(ctx, numbers, 3)
+
+	assert.Equal(1, <-intStream)
+	assert.Equal(2, <-intStream)
+	assert.Equal(3, <-intStream)
+}
+
+func TestFanIn(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestFanIn")
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	channels := make([]<-chan int, 3)
+
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		channels[i] = c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, i), 3)
+	}
+
+	mergedChannel := c.FanIn(ctx, channels...)
+
+	for val := range mergedChannel {
+		t.Logf("\t%d\n", val)
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(1, 1)
+}
+
+func TestOr(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestOr")
+
+	sig := func(after time.Duration) <-chan any {
+		c := make(chan interface{})
+		go func() {
+			defer close(c)
+			time.Sleep(after)
+		}()
+		return c
+	}
+
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	c := NewChannel[any]()
+	<-c.Or(
+		sig(1*time.Second),
+		sig(2*time.Second),
+		sig(3*time.Second),
+		sig(4*time.Second),
+		sig(5*time.Second),
+	)
+
+	assert.Equal(true, time.Since(start).Seconds() < 2)
+}
+
+func TestOrDone(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestOrDone")
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1), 3)
+
+	for val := range c.OrDone(ctx, intStream) {
+		assert.Equal(1, val)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTee(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestTee")
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	inStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1), 4)
+
+	out1, out2 := c.Tee(ctx, inStream)
+	for val := range out1 {
+		val1 := val
+		val2 := <-out2
+		assert.Equal(1, val1)
+		assert.Equal(1, val2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBridge(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBridge")
+	m1 := make(map[int]int)
+	m2 := make(map[int]int)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	c := NewChannel[int]()
+	genVals := func() <-chan <-chan int {
+		chanStream := make(chan (<-chan int))
+		go func() {
+			defer close(chanStream)
+			for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+				stream := make(chan int, 1)
+				stream <- i
+				m1[i]++
+				close(stream)
+				chanStream <- stream
+			}
+		}()
+		return chanStream
+	}
+
+	for val := range c.Bridge(ctx, genVals()) {
+		m2[val]++
+	}
+
+	for k, v := range m1 {
+		assert.Equal(m2[k], v)
+	}
+}

concurrency/keyed_locker.go

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+// Copyright 2025 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package concurrency contain some functions to support concurrent programming. eg, goroutine, channel, locker.
+package concurrency
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// KeyedLocker is a simple implementation of a keyed locker that allows for non-blocking lock acquisition.
+type KeyedLocker[K comparable] struct {
+	locks sync.Map
+	ttl   time.Duration
+}
+
+type lockEntry struct {
+	mu    sync.Mutex
+	ref   int32
+	timer atomic.Pointer[time.Timer]
+}
+
+// NewKeyedLocker creates a new KeyedLocker with the specified TTL for lock expiration.
+// The TTL is used to automatically release locks that are no longer held.
+func NewKeyedLocker[K comparable](ttl time.Duration) *KeyedLocker[K] {
+	return &KeyedLocker[K]{ttl: ttl}
+}
+
+// Do acquires a lock for the specified key and executes the provided function.
+// It returns an error if the context is canceled before the function completes.
+func (l *KeyedLocker[K]) Do(ctx context.Context, key K, fn func()) error {
+	entry := l.acquire(key)
+	defer l.release(key, entry, key)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+
+	go func() {
+		entry.mu.Lock()
+		defer entry.mu.Unlock()
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+		default:
+			fn()
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case <-done:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// acquire tries to acquire a lock for the specified key.
+func (l *KeyedLocker[K]) acquire(key K) *lockEntry {
+	lock, _ := l.locks.LoadOrStore(key, &lockEntry{})
+	entry := lock.(*lockEntry)
+
+	atomic.AddInt32(&entry.ref, 1)
+	if t := entry.timer.Swap(nil); t != nil {
+		t.Stop()
+	}
+
+	return entry
+}
+
+// release releases the lock for the specified key.
+func (l *KeyedLocker[K]) release(key K, entry *lockEntry, rawKey K) {
+	if atomic.AddInt32(&entry.ref, -1) == 0 {
+		entry.mu.Lock()
+		defer entry.mu.Unlock()
+
+		if entry.ref == 0 {
+			if t := entry.timer.Swap(nil); t != nil {
+				t.Stop()
+			}
+
+			l.locks.Delete(rawKey)
+		} else {
+			if entry.timer.Load() == nil {
+				t := time.AfterFunc(l.ttl, func() {
+					l.release(key, entry, rawKey)
+				})
+				entry.timer.Store(t)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// RWKeyedLocker is a read-write version of KeyedLocker.
+type RWKeyedLocker[K comparable] struct {
+	locks sync.Map
+	ttl   time.Duration
+}
+
+type rwLockEntry struct {
+	mu    sync.RWMutex
+	ref   int32
+	timer atomic.Pointer[time.Timer]
+}
+
+// NewRWKeyedLocker creates a new RWKeyedLocker with the specified TTL for lock expiration.
+// The TTL is used to automatically release locks that are no longer held.
+func NewRWKeyedLocker[K comparable](ttl time.Duration) *RWKeyedLocker[K] {
+	return &RWKeyedLocker[K]{ttl: ttl}
+}
+
+// RLock acquires a read lock for the specified key and executes the provided function.
+// It returns an error if the context is canceled before the function completes.
+func (l *RWKeyedLocker[K]) RLock(ctx context.Context, key K, fn func()) error {
+	entry := l.acquire(key)
+	defer l.release(entry, key)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+
+	go func() {
+		entry.mu.RLock()
+		defer entry.mu.RUnlock()
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+		default:
+			fn()
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case <-done:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// Lock acquires a write lock for the specified key and executes the provided function.
+// It returns an error if the context is canceled before the function completes.
+func (l *RWKeyedLocker[K]) Lock(ctx context.Context, key K, fn func()) error {
+	entry := l.acquire(key)
+	defer l.release(entry, key)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+
+	go func() {
+		entry.mu.Lock()
+		defer entry.mu.Unlock()
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+		default:
+			fn()
+		}
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case <-done:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// acquire tries to acquire a read lock for the specified key.
+func (l *RWKeyedLocker[K]) acquire(key K) *rwLockEntry {
+	actual, _ := l.locks.LoadOrStore(key, &rwLockEntry{})
+	entry := actual.(*rwLockEntry)
+	atomic.AddInt32(&entry.ref, 1)
+
+	if t := entry.timer.Swap(nil); t != nil {
+		t.Stop()
+	}
+	return entry
+}
+
+// release releases the lock for the specified key.
+func (l *RWKeyedLocker[K]) release(entry *rwLockEntry, rawKey K) {
+	if atomic.AddInt32(&entry.ref, -1) == 0 {
+		timer := time.AfterFunc(l.ttl, func() {
+			if atomic.LoadInt32(&entry.ref) == 0 {
+				l.locks.Delete(rawKey)
+			}
+		})
+		entry.timer.Store(timer)
+	}
+}
+
+// TryKeyedLocker is a non-blocking version of KeyedLocker.
+// It allows for trying to acquire a lock without blocking if the lock is already held.
+type TryKeyedLocker[K comparable] struct {
+	mu    sync.Mutex
+	locks map[K]*casMutex
+}
+
+// NewTryKeyedLocker creates a new TryKeyedLocker.
+func NewTryKeyedLocker[K comparable]() *TryKeyedLocker[K] {
+	return &TryKeyedLocker[K]{locks: make(map[K]*casMutex)}
+}
+
+// TryLock tries to acquire a lock for the specified key.
+// It returns true if the lock was acquired, false otherwise.
+func (l *TryKeyedLocker[K]) TryLock(key K) bool {
+	l.mu.Lock()
+
+	lock, ok := l.locks[key]
+	if !ok {
+		lock = &casMutex{}
+		l.locks[key] = lock
+	}
+	l.mu.Unlock()
+
+	return lock.TryLock()
+}
+
+// Unlock releases the lock for the specified key.
+func (l *TryKeyedLocker[K]) Unlock(key K) {
+	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+
+	lock, ok := l.locks[key]
+	if ok {
+		lock.Unlock()
+		if lock.lock == 0 {
+			delete(l.locks, key)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// casMutex is a simple mutex that uses atomic operations to provide a non-blocking lock.
+type casMutex struct {
+	lock int32
+}
+
+// TryLock tries to acquire the lock without blocking.
+// It returns true if the lock was acquired, false otherwise.
+func (m *casMutex) TryLock() bool {
+	return atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&m.lock, 0, 1)
+}
+
+// Unlock releases the lock.
+func (m *casMutex) Unlock() {
+	atomic.StoreInt32(&m.lock, 0)
+}

concurrency/keyed_locker_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+package concurrency
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strconv"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestKeyedLocker_SerialExecutionSameKey(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestKeyedLocker_SerialExecutionSameKey")
+
+	locker := NewKeyedLocker[string](100 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	var result []int
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+
+	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(i int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			err := locker.Do(context.Background(), "key1", func() {
+				time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+				mu.Lock()
+				defer mu.Unlock()
+				result = append(result, i)
+			})
+
+			assert.IsNil(err)
+		}(i)
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	assert.Equal(5, len(result))
+}
+
+func TestKeyedLocker_ParallelExecutionDifferentKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	locker := NewKeyedLocker[string](100 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	start := time.Now()
+	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(i int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			key := "key" + strconv.Itoa(i)
+			locker.Do(context.Background(), key, func() {
+				time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+			})
+		}(i)
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+	elapsed := time.Since(start)
+
+	if elapsed > 100*time.Millisecond {
+		t.Errorf("parallel execution took too long: %s", elapsed)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestKeyedLocker_ContextTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestKeyedLocker_ContextTimeout")
+
+	locker := NewKeyedLocker[string](100 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Millisecond)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// Lock key before calling
+	go func() {
+		_ = locker.Do(context.Background(), "key-timeout", func() {
+			time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+		})
+	}()
+
+	time.Sleep(1 * time.Millisecond) // ensure lock is acquired first
+
+	err := locker.Do(ctx, "key-timeout", func() {
+		t.Error("should not execute")
+	})
+
+	assert.IsNotNil(err)
+}
+
+func TestKeyedLocker_LockReleaseAfterTTL(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestKeyedLocker_LockReleaseAfterTTL")
+
+	locker := NewKeyedLocker[string](50 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	err := locker.Do(context.Background(), "ttl-key", func() {})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Wait for TTL to pass
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	err = locker.Do(context.Background(), "ttl-key", func() {})
+	assert.IsNil(err)
+}
+
+func TestRWKeyedLocker_LockAndUnlock(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestKeyedLocker_LockReleaseAfterTTL")
+
+	locker := NewRWKeyedLocker[string](500 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	var locked bool
+	err := locker.Lock(context.Background(), "key1", func() {
+		locked = true
+	})
+
+	assert.IsNil(err)
+	assert.Equal(true, locked)
+}
+
+func TestRWKeyedLocker_RLockParallel(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestKeyedLocker_LockReleaseAfterTTL")
+
+	locker := NewRWKeyedLocker[string](1 * time.Second)
+
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+	var count int
+	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			err := locker.RLock(context.Background(), "shared-key", func() {
+				time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+				mu.Lock()
+				count++
+				mu.Unlock()
+			})
+
+			assert.IsNil(err)
+		}()
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	assert.Equal(5, count)
+}
+
+func TestRWKeyedLocker_LockTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestRWKeyedLocker_LockTimeout")
+
+	locker := NewRWKeyedLocker[string](1 * time.Second)
+
+	start := make(chan struct{})
+
+	go func() {
+		locker.Lock(context.Background(), "key-timeout", func() {
+			close(start)
+			time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
+		})
+	}()
+
+	<-start
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 50*time.Millisecond)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	err := locker.Lock(ctx, "key-timeout", func() {
+		t.Error("should not reach here")
+	})
+
+	assert.IsNotNil(err)
+}
+
+func TestTryKeyedLocker_SimpleLockUnlock(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestTryKeyedLocker_SimpleLockUnlock")
+
+	locker := NewTryKeyedLocker[string]()
+
+	ok := locker.TryLock("key1")
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
+
+	ok = locker.TryLock("key1")
+	assert.Equal(false, ok)
+
+	locker.Unlock("key1")
+
+	ok = locker.TryLock("key1")
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
+
+	locker.Unlock("key1")
+}
+
+func TestTryKeyedLocker_ParallelTry(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestTryKeyedLocker_ParallelTry")
+
+	locker := NewTryKeyedLocker[string]()
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+	var count int
+
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(i int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			ok := locker.TryLock("key" + strconv.Itoa(i))
+			mu.Lock()
+			if ok {
+				count++
+			}
+			mu.Unlock()
+			time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+			if ok {
+				locker.Unlock("key" + strconv.Itoa(i))
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	assert.Equal(5, count)
+	assert.Equal(0, len(locker.locks))
+}

condition/condition.go

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package condition contains some functions for conditional judgment. eg. And, Or, TernaryOperator ...
+// The implementation of this package refers to the implementation of carlmjohnson's truthy package, you may find more
+// useful information in truthy(https://github.com/carlmjohnson/truthy), thanks carlmjohnson.
+package condition
+
+import "reflect"
+
+// Bool returns the truthy value of anything.
+// If the value's type has a Bool() bool method, the method is called and returned.
+// If the type has an IsZero() bool method, the opposite value is returned.
+// Slices and maps are truthy if they have a length greater than zero.
+// All other types are truthy if they are not their zero value.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/ETzeDJRSvhm
+func Bool[T any](value T) bool {
+	switch m := any(value).(type) {
+	case interface{ Bool() bool }:
+		return m.Bool()
+	case interface{ IsZero() bool }:
+		return !m.IsZero()
+	}
+	return reflectValue(&value)
+}
+
+func reflectValue(vp any) bool {
+	switch rv := reflect.ValueOf(vp).Elem(); rv.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Map, reflect.Slice:
+		return rv.Len() != 0
+	default:
+		is := rv.IsZero()
+		return !is
+	}
+}
+
+// And returns true if both a and b are truthy.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/W1SSUmt6pvr
+func And[T, U any](a T, b U) bool {
+	return Bool(a) && Bool(b)
+}
+
+// Or returns false if neither a nor b is truthy.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/UlQTxHaeEkq
+func Or[T, U any](a T, b U) bool {
+	return Bool(a) || Bool(b)
+}
+
+// Xor returns true if a or b but not both is truthy.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/gObZrW7ZbG8
+func Xor[T, U any](a T, b U) bool {
+	return Bool(a) != Bool(b)
+}
+
+// Nor returns true if neither a nor b is truthy.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/g2j08F_zZky
+func Nor[T, U any](a T, b U) bool {
+	return !(Bool(a) || Bool(b))
+}
+
+// Xnor returns true if both a and b or neither a nor b are truthy.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/OuDB9g51643
+func Xnor[T, U any](a T, b U) bool {
+	return Bool(a) == Bool(b)
+}
+
+// Nand returns false if both a and b are truthy.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/vSRMLxLIbq8
+func Nand[T, U any](a T, b U) bool {
+	return !Bool(a) || !Bool(b)
+}
+
+// TernaryOperator checks the value of param `isTrue`, if true return ifValue else return elseValue.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/ElllPZY0guT
+func Ternary[T, U any](isTrue T, ifValue U, elseValue U) U {
+	if Bool(isTrue) {
+		return ifValue
+	} else {
+		return elseValue
+	}
+}
+
+// TernaryOperator checks the value of param `isTrue`, if true return ifValue else return elseValue.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/ElllPZY0guT
+// Deprecated: Use Ternary instead.
+func TernaryOperator[T, U any](isTrue T, ifValue U, elseValue U) U {
+	return Ternary(isTrue, ifValue, elseValue)
+}

condition/condition_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+package condition
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func ExampleBool() {
+	// bool
+	result1 := Bool(false)
+	result2 := Bool(true)
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// integer
+	result3 := Bool(0)
+	result4 := Bool(1)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+
+	// string
+	result5 := Bool("")
+	result6 := Bool(" ")
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+
+	// slice
+	var nums = []int{}
+	result7 := Bool(nums)
+	nums = append(nums, 1, 2)
+	result8 := Bool(nums)
+	fmt.Println(result7)
+	fmt.Println(result8)
+
+	// Output:
+	// false
+	// true
+	// false
+	// true
+	// false
+	// true
+	// false
+	// true
+}
+
+func ExampleAnd() {
+	result1 := And(0, 1)
+	result2 := And(0, "")
+	result3 := And(0, "0")
+	result4 := And(1, "0")
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+
+	// Output:
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+	// true
+}
+
+func ExampleOr() {
+	result1 := Or(0, "")
+	result2 := Or(0, 1)
+	result3 := Or(0, "0")
+	result4 := Or(1, "0")
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+
+	// Output:
+	// false
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+}
+
+func ExampleXor() {
+	result1 := Xor(0, 0)
+	result2 := Xor(1, 1)
+	result3 := Xor(0, 1)
+	result4 := Xor(1, 0)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+
+	// Output:
+	// false
+	// false
+	// true
+	// true
+}
+
+func ExampleNor() {
+	result1 := Nor(0, 0)
+	result2 := Nor(1, 1)
+	result3 := Nor(0, 1)
+	result4 := Nor(1, 0)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleXnor() {
+	result1 := Xnor(0, 0)
+	result2 := Xnor(1, 1)
+	result3 := Xnor(0, 1)
+	result4 := Xnor(1, 0)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleNand() {
+	result1 := Nand(0, 0)
+	result2 := Nand(1, 0)
+	result3 := Nand(0, 1)
+	result4 := Nand(1, 1)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleTernary() {
+	conditionTrue := 2 > 1
+	result1 := Ternary(conditionTrue, 0, 1)
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+
+	conditionFalse := 2 > 3
+	result2 := Ternary(conditionFalse, 0, 1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 0
+	// 1
+}

condition/condition_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+package condition
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+type TestStruct struct{}
+
+func TestBool(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBool")
+
+	// bool
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(false))
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(true))
+
+	// integer
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(0))
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(1))
+
+	// float
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(0.0))
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(0.1))
+
+	// string
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(""))
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(" "))
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool("0"))
+
+	// slice
+	var nums [2]int
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(nums))
+	nums = [2]int{0, 1}
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(nums))
+
+	// map
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(map[string]string{}))
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(map[string]string{"a": "a"}))
+
+	// channel
+	var ch chan int
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(ch))
+	ch = make(chan int)
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(ch))
+
+	//  interface
+	var err error
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(err))
+	err = errors.New("error message")
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(err))
+
+	// struct
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(struct{}{}))
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(time.Now()))
+
+	// struct pointer
+	ts := TestStruct{}
+	assert.Equal(false, Bool(ts))
+	assert.Equal(true, Bool(&ts))
+}
+
+func TestAnd(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAnd")
+	assert.Equal(false, And(0, 1))
+	assert.Equal(false, And(0, ""))
+	assert.Equal(false, And(0, "0"))
+	assert.Equal(true, And(1, "0"))
+}
+
+func TestOr(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestOr")
+	assert.Equal(false, Or(0, ""))
+	assert.Equal(true, Or(0, 1))
+	assert.Equal(true, Or(0, "0"))
+	assert.Equal(true, Or(1, "0"))
+}
+
+func TestXor(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestOr")
+	assert.Equal(false, Xor(0, 0))
+	assert.Equal(true, Xor(0, 1))
+	assert.Equal(true, Xor(1, 0))
+	assert.Equal(false, Xor(1, 1))
+}
+
+func TestNor(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestNor")
+	assert.Equal(true, Nor(0, 0))
+	assert.Equal(false, Nor(0, 1))
+	assert.Equal(false, Nor(1, 0))
+	assert.Equal(false, Nor(1, 1))
+}
+
+func TestXnor(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestXnor")
+	assert.Equal(true, Xnor(0, 0))
+	assert.Equal(false, Xnor(0, 1))
+	assert.Equal(false, Xnor(1, 0))
+	assert.Equal(true, Xnor(1, 1))
+}
+
+func TestNand(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestNand")
+	assert.Equal(true, Nand(0, 0))
+	assert.Equal(true, Nand(0, 1))
+	assert.Equal(true, Nand(1, 0))
+	assert.Equal(false, Nand(1, 1))
+}
+
+func TestTernary(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestTernary")
+
+	trueValue := "1"
+	falseValue := "0"
+
+	assert.Equal(trueValue, Ternary(true, trueValue, falseValue))
+}

constraints/constraints.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package constraints contain some custom interface.
+package constraints
+
+// Comparator is for comparing two values
+type Comparator interface {
+	// Compare v1 and v2
+	// Ascending order: should return 1 -> v1 > v2, 0 -> v1 = v2, -1 -> v1 < v2
+	// Descending order: should return 1 -> v1 < v2, 0 -> v1 = v2, -1 -> v1 > v2
+	Compare(v1, v2 any) int
+}

convertor/convertor.go

@@ -6,34 +6,76 @@ package convertor
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"encoding/gob"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"math"
+	"math/big"
 	"reflect"
-	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/structs"
+	"golang.org/x/text/encoding/simplifiedchinese"
+	"golang.org/x/text/transform"
 )
 
-// ToBool convert string to a boolean
+// ToBool convert string to boolean.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/ARht2WnGdIN
 func ToBool(s string) (bool, error) {
 	return strconv.ParseBool(s)
 }
 
-// ToBytes convert interface to bytes
-func ToBytes(data interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	enc := gob.NewEncoder(&buf)
-	err := enc.Encode(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+// ToBytes convert value to byte slice.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/fAMXYFDvOvr
+func ToBytes(value any) ([]byte, error) {
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+
+	switch value.(type) {
+	case int, int8, int16, int32, int64:
+		number := v.Int()
+		buf := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte{})
+		buf.Reset()
+		err := binary.Write(buf, binary.BigEndian, number)
+		return buf.Bytes(), err
+	case uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64:
+		number := v.Uint()
+		buf := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte{})
+		buf.Reset()
+		err := binary.Write(buf, binary.BigEndian, number)
+		return buf.Bytes(), err
+	case float32:
+		number := float32(v.Float())
+		bits := math.Float32bits(number)
+		bytes := make([]byte, 4)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(bytes, bits)
+		return bytes, nil
+	case float64:
+		number := v.Float()
+		bits := math.Float64bits(number)
+		bytes := make([]byte, 8)
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(bytes, bits)
+		return bytes, nil
+	case bool:
+		return strconv.AppendBool([]byte{}, v.Bool()), nil
+	case string:
+		return []byte(v.String()), nil
+	case []byte:
+		return v.Bytes(), nil
+	default:
+		newValue, err := json.Marshal(value)
+		return newValue, err
 	}
-	return buf.Bytes(), nil
 }
 
-// ToChar convert string to char slice
+// ToChar convert string to char slice.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/JJ1SvbFkVdM
 func ToChar(s string) []string {
-	c := make([]string, 0)
+	c := make([]string, 0, len(s))
 	if len(s) == 0 {
 		c = append(c, "")
 	}
@@ -43,133 +85,182 @@ func ToChar(s string) []string {
 	return c
 }
 
+// ToChannel convert a slice of elements to a read-only channel.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/hOx_oYZbAnL
+func ToChannel[T any](array []T) <-chan T {
+	ch := make(chan T)
+
+	go func() {
+		for _, item := range array {
+			ch <- item
+		}
+		close(ch)
+	}()
+
+	return ch
+}
+
 // ToString convert value to string
-func ToString(value interface{}) string {
-	res := ""
+// for number, string, []byte, will convert to string
+// for other type (slice, map, array, struct) will call json.Marshal.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/nF1zOOslpQq
+func ToString(value any) string {
 	if value == nil {
-		return res
+		return ""
+	}
+	rv := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+	if rv.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if rv.IsNil() {
+			return ""
+		}
+		return ToString(rv.Elem().Interface())
 	}
 
-	v := reflect.ValueOf(value)
-
-	switch value.(type) {
-	case float32, float64:
-		res = strconv.FormatFloat(v.Float(), 'f', -1, 64)
-		return res
-	case int, int8, int16, int32, int64:
-		res = strconv.FormatInt(v.Int(), 10)
-		return res
-	case uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64:
-		res = strconv.FormatUint(v.Uint(), 10)
-		return res
+	switch val := value.(type) {
+	case float32:
+		return strconv.FormatFloat(float64(val), 'f', -1, 32)
+	case float64:
+		return strconv.FormatFloat(val, 'f', -1, 64)
+	case int:
+		return strconv.FormatInt(int64(val), 10)
+	case int8:
+		return strconv.FormatInt(int64(val), 10)
+	case int16:
+		return strconv.FormatInt(int64(val), 10)
+	case int32:
+		return strconv.FormatInt(int64(val), 10)
+	case int64:
+		return strconv.FormatInt(val, 10)
+	case uint:
+		return strconv.FormatUint(uint64(val), 10)
+	case uint8:
+		return strconv.FormatUint(uint64(val), 10)
+	case uint16:
+		return strconv.FormatUint(uint64(val), 10)
+	case uint32:
+		return strconv.FormatUint(uint64(val), 10)
+	case uint64:
+		return strconv.FormatUint(val, 10)
 	case string:
-		res = v.String()
-		return res
+		return val
 	case []byte:
-		res = string(v.Bytes())
-		return res
+		return string(val)
 	default:
-		newValue, _ := json.Marshal(value)
-		res = string(newValue)
-		return res
+		b, err := json.Marshal(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			return ""
+		}
+
+		return string(b)
 	}
 }
 
-// ToJson convert value to a valid json string
-func ToJson(value interface{}) (string, error) {
-	res, err := json.Marshal(value)
+// ToJson convert value to a json string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/2rLIkMmXWvR
+func ToJson(value any) (string, error) {
+	result, err := json.Marshal(value)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
-	return string(res), nil
+	return string(result), nil
 }
 
-// ToFloat convert value to a float64, if input is not a float return 0.0 and error
-func ToFloat(value interface{}) (float64, error) {
+// ToFloat convert value to float64, if input is not a float return 0.0 and error.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/4YTmPCibqHJ
+func ToFloat(value any) (float64, error) {
 	v := reflect.ValueOf(value)
 
-	res := 0.0
+	result := 0.0
 	err := fmt.Errorf("ToInt: unvalid interface type %T", value)
 	switch value.(type) {
 	case int, int8, int16, int32, int64:
-		res = float64(v.Int())
-		return res, nil
+		result = float64(v.Int())
+		return result, nil
 	case uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64:
-		res = float64(v.Uint())
-		return res, nil
+		result = float64(v.Uint())
+		return result, nil
 	case float32, float64:
-		res = v.Float()
-		return res, nil
+		result = v.Float()
+		return result, nil
 	case string:
-		res, err = strconv.ParseFloat(v.String(), 64)
+		result, err = strconv.ParseFloat(v.String(), 64)
 		if err != nil {
-			res = 0.0
+			result = 0.0
 		}
-		return res, err
+		return result, err
 	default:
-		return res, err
+		return result, err
 	}
 }
 
-// ToInt convert value to a int64, if input is not a numeric format return 0 and error
-func ToInt(value interface{}) (int64, error) {
+// ToInt convert value to int64 value, if input is not numerical, return 0 and error.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/9_h9vIt-QZ_b
+func ToInt(value any) (int64, error) {
 	v := reflect.ValueOf(value)
 
-	var res int64
-	err := fmt.Errorf("ToInt: invalid interface type %T", value)
+	var result int64
+	err := fmt.Errorf("ToInt: invalid value type %T", value)
 	switch value.(type) {
 	case int, int8, int16, int32, int64:
-		res = v.Int()
-		return res, nil
+		result = v.Int()
+		return result, nil
 	case uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64:
-		res = int64(v.Uint())
-		return res, nil
+		result = int64(v.Uint())
+		return result, nil
 	case float32, float64:
-		res = int64(v.Float())
-		return res, nil
+		result = int64(v.Float())
+		return result, nil
 	case string:
-		res, err = strconv.ParseInt(v.String(), 0, 64)
+		result, err = strconv.ParseInt(v.String(), 0, 64)
 		if err != nil {
-			res = 0
+			result = 0
 		}
-		return res, err
+		return result, err
 	default:
-		return res, err
+		return result, err
 	}
 }
 
+// ToPointer returns a pointer to passed value.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/ASf_etHNlw1
+func ToPointer[T any](value T) *T {
+	return &value
+}
+
+// ToMap convert a slice of structs to a map based on iteratee function.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/tVFy7E-t24l
+func ToMap[T any, K comparable, V any](array []T, iteratee func(T) (K, V)) map[K]V {
+	result := make(map[K]V, len(array))
+	for _, item := range array {
+		k, v := iteratee(item)
+		result[k] = v
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
 // StructToMap convert struct to map, only convert exported struct field
-// map key is specified same as struct field tag `json` value
-func StructToMap(value interface{}) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
-	v := reflect.ValueOf(value)
-	t := reflect.TypeOf(value)
-
-	if t.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-		t = t.Elem()
-	}
-	if t.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("data type %T not support, shuld be struct or pointer to struct", value)
-	}
-
-	res := make(map[string]interface{})
-
-	fieldNum := t.NumField()
-	pattern := `^[A-Z]`
-	regex := regexp.MustCompile(pattern)
-	for i := 0; i < fieldNum; i++ {
-		name := t.Field(i).Name
-		tag := t.Field(i).Tag.Get("json")
-		if regex.MatchString(name) && tag != "" {
-			//res[name] = v.Field(i).Interface()
-			res[tag] = v.Field(i).Interface()
-		}
-	}
-
-	return res, nil
+// map key is specified same as struct field tag `json` value.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/KYGYJqNUBOI
+func StructToMap(value any) (map[string]any, error) {
+	return structs.ToMap(value)
 }
 
-// ColorHexToRGB convert hex color to rgb color
+// MapToSlice convert map to slice based on iteratee function.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/dmX4Ix5V6Wl
+func MapToSlice[T any, K comparable, V any](aMap map[K]V, iteratee func(K, V) T) []T {
+	result := make([]T, 0, len(aMap))
+
+	for k, v := range aMap {
+		result = append(result, iteratee(k, v))
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// ColorHexToRGB convert hex color to rgb color.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/o7_ft-JCJBV
 func ColorHexToRGB(colorHex string) (red, green, blue int) {
 	colorHex = strings.TrimPrefix(colorHex, "#")
 	color64, err := strconv.ParseInt(colorHex, 16, 32)
@@ -180,7 +271,8 @@ func ColorHexToRGB(colorHex string) (red, green, blue int) {
 	return color >> 16, (color & 0x00FF00) >> 8, color & 0x0000FF
 }
 
-// ColorRGBToHex convert rgb color to hex color
+// ColorRGBToHex convert rgb color to hex color.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/nzKS2Ro87J1
 func ColorRGBToHex(red, green, blue int) string {
 	r := strconv.FormatInt(int64(red), 16)
 	g := strconv.FormatInt(int64(green), 16)
@@ -198,3 +290,233 @@ func ColorRGBToHex(red, green, blue int) string {
 
 	return "#" + r + g + b
 }
+
+// EncodeByte encode data to byte slice.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/DVmM1G5JfuP
+func EncodeByte(data any) ([]byte, error) {
+	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+	encoder := gob.NewEncoder(buffer)
+	err := encoder.Encode(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return buffer.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+// DecodeByte decode byte slice data to target object.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/zI6xsmuQRbn
+func DecodeByte(data []byte, target any) error {
+	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(data)
+	decoder := gob.NewDecoder(buffer)
+	return decoder.Decode(target)
+}
+
+// DeepClone creates a deep copy of passed item.
+// can't clone unexported field of struct
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/j4DP5dquxnk
+func DeepClone[T any](src T) T {
+	c := cloner{
+		ptrs: map[reflect.Type]map[uintptr]reflect.Value{},
+	}
+	result := c.clone(reflect.ValueOf(src))
+	if result.Kind() == reflect.Invalid {
+		var zeroValue T
+		return zeroValue
+	}
+
+	return result.Interface().(T)
+}
+
+// CopyProperties copies each field from the source into the destination. It recursively copies struct pointers and interfaces that contain struct pointers.
+// use json.Marshal/Unmarshal, so json tag should be set for fields of dst and src struct.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/oZujoB5Sgg5
+func CopyProperties[T, U any](dst T, src U) error {
+	dstType, srcType := reflect.TypeOf(dst), reflect.TypeOf(src)
+
+	if dstType.Kind() != reflect.Ptr || dstType.Elem().Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return errors.New("CopyProperties: parameter dst should be struct pointer")
+	}
+
+	if srcType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		srcType = srcType.Elem()
+	}
+	if srcType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return errors.New("CopyProperties: parameter src should be a struct or struct pointer")
+	}
+
+	bytes, err := json.Marshal(src)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("CopyProperties: unable to marshal src: %s", err)
+	}
+	err = json.Unmarshal(bytes, dst)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("CopyProperties: unable to unmarshal into dst: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ToInterface converts reflect value to its interface type.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/syqw0-WG7Xd
+func ToInterface(v reflect.Value) (value interface{}, ok bool) {
+	if v.IsValid() && v.CanInterface() {
+		return v.Interface(), true
+	}
+	switch v.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		return v.Bool(), true
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		return v.Int(), true
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uintptr:
+		return v.Uint(), true
+	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
+		return v.Float(), true
+	case reflect.Complex64, reflect.Complex128:
+		return v.Complex(), true
+	case reflect.String:
+		return v.String(), true
+	case reflect.Ptr:
+		return ToInterface(v.Elem())
+	case reflect.Interface:
+		return ToInterface(v.Elem())
+	default:
+		return nil, false
+	}
+}
+
+// Utf8ToGbk convert utf8 encoding data to GBK encoding data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/9FlIaFLArIL
+func Utf8ToGbk(bs []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	r := transform.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(bs), simplifiedchinese.GBK.NewEncoder())
+	b, err := io.ReadAll(r)
+	return b, err
+}
+
+// GbkToUtf8 convert GBK encoding data to utf8 encoding data.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/OphmHCN_9u8
+func GbkToUtf8(bs []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	r := transform.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(bs), simplifiedchinese.GBK.NewDecoder())
+	b, err := io.ReadAll(r)
+	return b, err
+}
+
+// ToStdBase64 convert data to standard base64 encoding.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/_fLJqJD3NMo
+func ToStdBase64(value any) string {
+	if value == nil || (reflect.ValueOf(value).Kind() == reflect.Ptr && reflect.ValueOf(value).IsNil()) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	switch value.(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(value.([]byte))
+	case string:
+		return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(value.(string)))
+	case error:
+		return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(value.(error).Error()))
+	default:
+		marshal, err := json.Marshal(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return ""
+		}
+		return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(marshal)
+	}
+}
+
+// ToUrlBase64 convert data to URL base64 encoding.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/C_d0GlvEeUR
+func ToUrlBase64(value any) string {
+	if value == nil || (reflect.ValueOf(value).Kind() == reflect.Ptr && reflect.ValueOf(value).IsNil()) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	switch value.(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		return base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(value.([]byte))
+	case string:
+		return base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(value.(string)))
+	case error:
+		return base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(value.(error).Error()))
+	default:
+		marshal, err := json.Marshal(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return ""
+		}
+		return base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(marshal)
+	}
+}
+
+// ToRawStdBase64 convert data to raw standard base64 encoding.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/wSAr3sfkDcv
+func ToRawStdBase64(value any) string {
+	if value == nil || (reflect.ValueOf(value).Kind() == reflect.Ptr && reflect.ValueOf(value).IsNil()) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	switch value.(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		return base64.RawStdEncoding.EncodeToString(value.([]byte))
+	case string:
+		return base64.RawStdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(value.(string)))
+	case error:
+		return base64.RawStdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(value.(error).Error()))
+	default:
+		marshal, err := json.Marshal(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return ""
+		}
+		return base64.RawStdEncoding.EncodeToString(marshal)
+	}
+}
+
+// ToRawUrlBase64 convert data to raw URL base64 encoding.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/HwdDPFcza1O
+func ToRawUrlBase64(value any) string {
+	if value == nil || (reflect.ValueOf(value).Kind() == reflect.Ptr && reflect.ValueOf(value).IsNil()) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	switch value.(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(value.([]byte))
+	case string:
+		return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(value.(string)))
+	case error:
+		return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(value.(error).Error()))
+	default:
+		marshal, err := json.Marshal(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return ""
+		}
+		return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(marshal)
+	}
+}
+
+// ToBigInt converts an integer of any supported type (int, int64, uint64, etc.) to *big.Int
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/X3itkCxwB_x
+func ToBigInt[T any](v T) (*big.Int, error) {
+	result := new(big.Int)
+
+	switch v := any(v).(type) {
+	case int:
+		result.SetInt64(int64(v)) // Convert to int64 for big.Int
+	case int8:
+		result.SetInt64(int64(v))
+	case int16:
+		result.SetInt64(int64(v))
+	case int32:
+		result.SetInt64(int64(v))
+	case int64:
+		result.SetInt64(v)
+	case uint:
+		result.SetUint64(uint64(v)) // Convert to uint64 for big.Int
+	case uint8:
+		result.SetUint64(uint64(v))
+	case uint16:
+		result.SetUint64(uint64(v))
+	case uint32:
+		result.SetUint64(uint64(v))
+	case uint64:
+		result.SetUint64(v)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported type: %T", v)
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}

convertor/convertor_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,582 @@
+package convertor
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/validator"
+)
+
+func ExampleToBool() {
+	cases := []string{"1", "true", "True", "false", "False", "0", "123", "0.0", "abc"}
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(cases); i++ {
+		result, _ := ToBool(cases[i])
+		fmt.Println(result)
+	}
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+	// true
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+	// false
+}
+
+func ExampleToBytes() {
+	result1, _ := ToBytes(1)
+	result2, _ := ToBytes("abc")
+	result3, _ := ToBytes(true)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+
+	// Output:
+	// [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1]
+	// [97 98 99]
+	// [116 114 117 101]
+}
+
+func ExampleToChar() {
+	result1 := ToChar("")
+	result2 := ToChar("abc")
+	result3 := ToChar("1 2#3")
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+
+	// Output:
+	// []
+	// [a b c]
+	// [1   2 # 3]
+}
+
+func ExampleToChannel() {
+	ch := ToChannel([]int{1, 2, 3})
+	result1 := <-ch
+	result2 := <-ch
+	result3 := <-ch
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1
+	// 2
+	// 3
+}
+
+func ExampleToString() {
+	result1 := ToString("")
+	result2 := ToString(nil)
+	result3 := ToString(0)
+	result4 := ToString(1.23)
+	result5 := ToString(true)
+	result6 := ToString(false)
+	result7 := ToString([]int{1, 2, 3})
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+	fmt.Println(result7)
+
+	// Output:
+	//
+	//
+	// 0
+	// 1.23
+	// true
+	// false
+	// [1,2,3]
+}
+
+func ExampleToJson() {
+
+	aMap := map[string]int{"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3}
+	result1, err := ToJson(aMap)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("%v", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+
+	// Output:
+	// {"a":1,"b":2,"c":3}
+}
+
+func ExampleToFloat() {
+	result1, _ := ToFloat("")
+	result2, _ := ToFloat("abc")
+	result3, _ := ToFloat("-1")
+	result4, _ := ToFloat("-.11")
+	result5, _ := ToFloat("1.23e3")
+	result6, _ := ToFloat(true)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+	fmt.Println(result6)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 0
+	// 0
+	// -1
+	// -0.11
+	// 1230
+	// 0
+}
+
+func ExampleToInt() {
+	result1, _ := ToInt("123")
+	result2, _ := ToInt("-123")
+	result3, _ := ToInt(float64(12.3))
+	result4, _ := ToInt("abc")
+	result5, _ := ToInt(true)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+	fmt.Println(result3)
+	fmt.Println(result4)
+	fmt.Println(result5)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 123
+	// -123
+	// 12
+	// 0
+	// 0
+}
+
+func ExampleToPointer() {
+	result := ToPointer(123)
+	fmt.Println(*result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 123
+}
+
+func ExampleToMap() {
+	type Message struct {
+		name string
+		code int
+	}
+	messages := []Message{
+		{name: "Hello", code: 100},
+		{name: "Hi", code: 101},
+	}
+	result := ToMap(messages, func(msg Message) (int, string) {
+		return msg.code, msg.name
+	})
+
+	fmt.Println(result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// map[100:Hello 101:Hi]
+}
+
+func ExampleStructToMap() {
+	type People struct {
+		Name string `json:"name"`
+		age  int
+	}
+	p := People{
+		"test",
+		100,
+	}
+	pm, _ := StructToMap(p)
+
+	fmt.Println(pm)
+
+	// Output:
+	// map[name:test]
+}
+
+func ExampleMapToSlice() {
+	aMap := map[string]int{"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3}
+	result := MapToSlice(aMap, func(key string, value int) string {
+		return key + ":" + strconv.Itoa(value)
+	})
+
+	fmt.Println(result) //[]string{"a:1", "c:3", "b:2"} (random order)
+}
+
+func ExampleColorHexToRGB() {
+	colorHex := "#003366"
+	r, g, b := ColorHexToRGB(colorHex)
+
+	fmt.Println(r, g, b)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 0 51 102
+}
+
+func ExampleColorRGBToHex() {
+	r := 0
+	g := 51
+	b := 102
+	colorHex := ColorRGBToHex(r, g, b)
+
+	fmt.Println(colorHex)
+
+	// Output:
+	// #003366
+}
+
+func ExampleEncodeByte() {
+	byteData, _ := EncodeByte("abc")
+	fmt.Println(byteData)
+
+	// Output:
+	// [6 12 0 3 97 98 99]
+}
+
+func ExampleDecodeByte() {
+	var obj string
+	byteData := []byte{6, 12, 0, 3, 97, 98, 99}
+	err := DecodeByte(byteData, &obj)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println(obj)
+
+	// Output:
+	// abc
+}
+
+func ExampleDeepClone() {
+	type Struct struct {
+		Str   string
+		Int   int
+		Float float64
+		Bool  bool
+		Nil   interface{}
+		// unexported string
+	}
+
+	cases := []interface{}{
+		true,
+		1,
+		0.1,
+		map[string]int{
+			"a": 1,
+			"b": 2,
+		},
+		&Struct{
+			Str:   "test",
+			Int:   1,
+			Float: 0.1,
+			Bool:  true,
+			Nil:   nil,
+			// unexported: "can't be cloned",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, item := range cases {
+		cloned := DeepClone(item)
+
+		isPointerEqual := &cloned == &item
+		fmt.Println(cloned, isPointerEqual)
+	}
+
+	// Output:
+	// true false
+	// 1 false
+	// 0.1 false
+	// map[a:1 b:2] false
+	// &{test 1 0.1 true <nil>} false
+}
+
+func ExampleCopyProperties() {
+	type Disk struct {
+		Name    string  `json:"name"`
+		Total   string  `json:"total"`
+		Used    string  `json:"used"`
+		Percent float64 `json:"percent"`
+	}
+
+	type DiskVO struct {
+		Name    string  `json:"name"`
+		Total   string  `json:"total"`
+		Used    string  `json:"used"`
+		Percent float64 `json:"percent"`
+	}
+
+	type Indicator struct {
+		Id      string    `json:"id"`
+		Ip      string    `json:"ip"`
+		UpTime  string    `json:"upTime"`
+		LoadAvg string    `json:"loadAvg"`
+		Cpu     int       `json:"cpu"`
+		Disk    []Disk    `json:"disk"`
+		Stop    chan bool `json:"-"`
+	}
+
+	type IndicatorVO struct {
+		Id      string   `json:"id"`
+		Ip      string   `json:"ip"`
+		UpTime  string   `json:"upTime"`
+		LoadAvg string   `json:"loadAvg"`
+		Cpu     int64    `json:"cpu"`
+		Disk    []DiskVO `json:"disk"`
+	}
+
+	indicator := &Indicator{Id: "001", Ip: "127.0.0.1", Cpu: 1, Disk: []Disk{
+		{Name: "disk-001", Total: "100", Used: "1", Percent: 10},
+		{Name: "disk-002", Total: "200", Used: "1", Percent: 20},
+		{Name: "disk-003", Total: "300", Used: "1", Percent: 30},
+	}}
+
+	indicatorVO := IndicatorVO{}
+
+	CopyProperties(&indicatorVO, indicator)
+
+	fmt.Println(indicatorVO.Id)
+	fmt.Println(indicatorVO.Ip)
+	fmt.Println(len(indicatorVO.Disk))
+
+	// Output:
+	// 001
+	// 127.0.0.1
+	// 3
+}
+
+func ExampleToInterface() {
+	val := reflect.ValueOf("abc")
+	iVal, ok := ToInterface(val)
+
+	fmt.Printf("%T\n", iVal)
+	fmt.Printf("%v\n", iVal)
+	fmt.Println(ok)
+
+	// Output:
+	// string
+	// abc
+	// true
+}
+
+func ExampleUtf8ToGbk() {
+	utf8Data := []byte("hello")
+	gbkData, _ := Utf8ToGbk(utf8Data)
+
+	fmt.Println(utf8.Valid(utf8Data))
+	fmt.Println(validator.IsGBK(gbkData))
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// true
+}
+
+func ExampleGbkToUtf8() {
+	gbkData, _ := Utf8ToGbk([]byte("hello"))
+	utf8Data, _ := GbkToUtf8(gbkData)
+
+	fmt.Println(utf8.Valid(utf8Data))
+	fmt.Println(string(utf8Data))
+
+	// Output:
+	// true
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleToStdBase64() {
+	// if you want to see the result, please use 'base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString()' to decode the result
+
+	afterEncode := ToStdBase64(nil)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	stringVal := "hello"
+	afterEncode = ToStdBase64(stringVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	byteSliceVal := []byte("hello")
+	afterEncode = ToStdBase64(byteSliceVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	intVal := 123
+	afterEncode = ToStdBase64(intVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	mapVal := map[string]any{"a": "hi", "b": 2, "c": struct {
+		A string
+		B int
+	}{"hello", 3}}
+	afterEncode = ToStdBase64(mapVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	floatVal := 123.456
+	afterEncode = ToStdBase64(floatVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	boolVal := true
+	afterEncode = ToStdBase64(boolVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	errVal := errors.New("err")
+	afterEncode = ToStdBase64(errVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	// Output:
+	//
+	// aGVsbG8=
+	// aGVsbG8=
+	// MTIz
+	// eyJhIjoiaGkiLCJiIjoyLCJjIjp7IkEiOiJoZWxsbyIsIkIiOjN9fQ==
+	// MTIzLjQ1Ng==
+	// dHJ1ZQ==
+	// ZXJy
+}
+
+func ExampleToUrlBase64() {
+	// if you want to see the result, please use 'base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString()' to decode the result
+
+	stringVal := "hello"
+	afterEncode := ToUrlBase64(stringVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	byteSliceVal := []byte("hello")
+	afterEncode = ToUrlBase64(byteSliceVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	intVal := 123
+	afterEncode = ToUrlBase64(intVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	mapVal := map[string]any{"a": "hi", "b": 2, "c": struct {
+		A string
+		B int
+	}{"hello", 3}}
+	afterEncode = ToUrlBase64(mapVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	floatVal := 123.456
+	afterEncode = ToUrlBase64(floatVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	boolVal := true
+	afterEncode = ToUrlBase64(boolVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	errVal := errors.New("err")
+	afterEncode = ToUrlBase64(errVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	// Output:
+	// aGVsbG8=
+	// aGVsbG8=
+	// MTIz
+	// eyJhIjoiaGkiLCJiIjoyLCJjIjp7IkEiOiJoZWxsbyIsIkIiOjN9fQ==
+	// MTIzLjQ1Ng==
+	// dHJ1ZQ==
+	// ZXJy
+}
+
+func ExampleToRawStdBase64() {
+	// if you want to see the result, please use 'base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString()' to decode the result
+	stringVal := "hello"
+	afterEncode := ToRawStdBase64(stringVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	byteSliceVal := []byte("hello")
+	afterEncode = ToRawStdBase64(byteSliceVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	intVal := 123
+	afterEncode = ToRawStdBase64(intVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	mapVal := map[string]any{"a": "hi", "b": 2, "c": struct {
+		A string
+		B int
+	}{"hello", 3}}
+	afterEncode = ToRawStdBase64(mapVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	floatVal := 123.456
+	afterEncode = ToRawStdBase64(floatVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	boolVal := true
+	afterEncode = ToRawStdBase64(boolVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	errVal := errors.New("err")
+	afterEncode = ToRawStdBase64(errVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	// Output:
+	// aGVsbG8
+	// aGVsbG8
+	// MTIz
+	// eyJhIjoiaGkiLCJiIjoyLCJjIjp7IkEiOiJoZWxsbyIsIkIiOjN9fQ
+	// MTIzLjQ1Ng
+	// dHJ1ZQ
+	// ZXJy
+}
+
+func ExampleToRawUrlBase64() {
+	// if you want to see the result, please use 'base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString()' to decode the result
+
+	stringVal := "hello"
+	afterEncode := ToRawUrlBase64(stringVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	byteSliceVal := []byte("hello")
+	afterEncode = ToRawUrlBase64(byteSliceVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	intVal := 123
+	afterEncode = ToRawUrlBase64(intVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	mapVal := map[string]any{"a": "hi", "b": 2, "c": struct {
+		A string
+		B int
+	}{"hello", 3}}
+	afterEncode = ToRawUrlBase64(mapVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	floatVal := 123.456
+	afterEncode = ToRawUrlBase64(floatVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	boolVal := true
+	afterEncode = ToRawUrlBase64(boolVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	errVal := errors.New("err")
+	afterEncode = ToRawUrlBase64(errVal)
+	fmt.Println(afterEncode)
+
+	// Output:
+	// aGVsbG8
+	// aGVsbG8
+	// MTIz
+	// eyJhIjoiaGkiLCJiIjoyLCJjIjp7IkEiOiJoZWxsbyIsIkIiOjN9fQ
+	// MTIzLjQ1Ng
+	// dHJ1ZQ
+	// ZXJy
+}
+
+func ExampleToBigInt() {
+	n := 9876543210
+	bigInt, _ := ToBigInt(n)
+
+	fmt.Println(bigInt)
+	// Output:
+	// 9876543210
+}

convertor/convertor_internal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+// Copyright 2023 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package convertor implements some functions to convert data.
+package convertor
+
+import "reflect"
+
+type cloner struct {
+	ptrs map[reflect.Type]map[uintptr]reflect.Value
+}
+
+// clone return a duplicate of passed item.
+func (c *cloner) clone(v reflect.Value) reflect.Value {
+	switch v.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Invalid:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(nil)
+
+	// bool
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(v.Bool())
+
+	//int
+	case reflect.Int:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(int(v.Int()))
+	case reflect.Int8:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(int8(v.Int()))
+	case reflect.Int16:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(int16(v.Int()))
+	case reflect.Int32:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(int32(v.Int()))
+	case reflect.Int64:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(v.Int())
+
+	// uint
+	case reflect.Uint:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(uint(v.Uint()))
+	case reflect.Uint8:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(uint8(v.Uint()))
+	case reflect.Uint16:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(uint16(v.Uint()))
+	case reflect.Uint32:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(uint32(v.Uint()))
+	case reflect.Uint64:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(v.Uint())
+
+	// float
+	case reflect.Float32:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(float32(v.Float()))
+	case reflect.Float64:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(v.Float())
+
+	// complex
+	case reflect.Complex64:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(complex64(v.Complex()))
+	case reflect.Complex128:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(v.Complex())
+
+	// string
+	case reflect.String:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(v.String())
+
+	// array
+	case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
+		return c.cloneArray(v)
+
+	// map
+	case reflect.Map:
+		return c.cloneMap(v)
+
+	// Ptr
+	case reflect.Ptr:
+		return c.clonePtr(v)
+
+	// struct
+	case reflect.Struct:
+		return c.cloneStruct(v)
+
+	// func
+	case reflect.Func:
+		return v
+
+	// interface
+	case reflect.Interface:
+		return c.clone(v.Elem())
+
+	}
+
+	return reflect.Zero(v.Type())
+}
+
+func (c *cloner) cloneArray(v reflect.Value) reflect.Value {
+	if v.IsNil() {
+		return reflect.Zero(v.Type())
+	}
+
+	arr := reflect.MakeSlice(v.Type(), v.Len(), v.Len())
+
+	for i := 0; i < v.Len(); i++ {
+		val := c.clone(v.Index(i))
+
+		if !val.IsValid() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		item := arr.Index(i)
+		if !item.CanSet() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		item.Set(val.Convert(item.Type()))
+	}
+
+	return arr
+}
+
+func (c *cloner) cloneMap(v reflect.Value) reflect.Value {
+	if v.IsNil() {
+		return reflect.Zero(v.Type())
+	}
+
+	clonedMap := reflect.MakeMap(v.Type())
+
+	for _, key := range v.MapKeys() {
+		value := v.MapIndex(key)
+		clonedKey := c.clone(key)
+		clonedValue := c.clone(value)
+
+		if !isNillable(clonedKey) || !clonedKey.IsNil() {
+			clonedKey = clonedKey.Convert(key.Type())
+		}
+
+		if (!isNillable(clonedValue) || !clonedValue.IsNil()) && clonedValue.IsValid() {
+			clonedValue = clonedValue.Convert(value.Type())
+		}
+
+		if !clonedValue.IsValid() {
+			clonedValue = reflect.Zero(clonedMap.Type().Elem())
+		}
+
+		clonedMap.SetMapIndex(clonedKey, clonedValue)
+	}
+
+	return clonedMap
+}
+
+func isNillable(v reflect.Value) bool {
+	switch v.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Chan, reflect.Interface, reflect.Ptr, reflect.Func:
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (c *cloner) clonePtr(v reflect.Value) reflect.Value {
+	if v.IsNil() {
+		return reflect.Zero(v.Type())
+	}
+
+	var newVal reflect.Value
+
+	if v.Elem().CanAddr() {
+		ptrs, exists := c.ptrs[v.Type()]
+		if exists {
+			if newVal, exists := ptrs[v.Elem().UnsafeAddr()]; exists {
+				return newVal
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	newVal = c.clone(v.Elem())
+
+	if v.Elem().CanAddr() {
+		ptrs, exists := c.ptrs[v.Type()]
+		if exists {
+			if newVal, exists := ptrs[v.Elem().UnsafeAddr()]; exists {
+				return newVal
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	clonedPtr := reflect.New(newVal.Type())
+	clonedPtr.Elem().Set(newVal)
+
+	return clonedPtr
+}
+
+func (c *cloner) cloneStruct(v reflect.Value) reflect.Value {
+	clonedStructPtr := reflect.New(v.Type())
+	clonedStruct := clonedStructPtr.Elem()
+
+	if v.CanAddr() {
+		ptrs := c.ptrs[clonedStructPtr.Type()]
+		if ptrs == nil {
+			ptrs = make(map[uintptr]reflect.Value)
+			c.ptrs[clonedStructPtr.Type()] = ptrs
+		}
+		ptrs[v.UnsafeAddr()] = clonedStructPtr
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ {
+		newStructValue := clonedStruct.Field(i)
+		if !newStructValue.CanSet() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		clonedVal := c.clone(v.Field(i))
+		if !clonedVal.IsValid() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		newStructValue.Set(clonedVal.Convert(newStructValue.Type()))
+	}
+
+	return clonedStruct
+}

convertor/convertor_test.go

@@ -1,13 +1,25 @@
 package convertor
 
 import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"math/big"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
 	"testing"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+	"unsafe"
 
-	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/internal"
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/slice"
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/validator"
 )
 
 func TestToChar(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToChar")
 
 	cases := []string{"", "abc", "1 2#3"}
@@ -21,7 +33,23 @@ func TestToChar(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestToChannel(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToChannel")
+
+	ch := ToChannel([]int{1, 2, 3})
+	assert.Equal(1, <-ch)
+	assert.Equal(2, <-ch)
+	assert.Equal(3, <-ch)
+
+	_, ok := <-ch
+	assert.Equal(false, ok)
+}
+
 func TestToBool(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToBool")
 
 	cases := []string{"1", "true", "True", "false", "False", "0", "123", "0.0", "abc"}
@@ -34,28 +62,39 @@ func TestToBool(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestToBytes(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToBytes")
 
-	cases := []interface{}{
+	cases := []any{
 		0,
 		false,
 		"1",
 	}
 	expected := [][]byte{
-		{3, 4, 0, 0},
-		{3, 2, 0, 0},
-		{4, 12, 0, 1, 49},
+		{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
+		{102, 97, 108, 115, 101},
+		{49},
 	}
 	for i := 0; i < len(cases); i++ {
 		actual, _ := ToBytes(cases[i])
 		assert.Equal(expected[i], actual)
 	}
+
+	bytesData, err := ToBytes("abc")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+		t.Fail()
+	}
+	assert.Equal("abc", ToString(bytesData))
 }
 
 func TestToInt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToInt")
 
-	cases := []interface{}{"123", "-123", 123,
+	cases := []any{"123", "-123", 123,
 		uint(123), uint8(123), uint16(123), uint32(123), uint64(123),
 		float32(12.3), float64(12.3),
 		"abc", false, "111111111111111111111111111111111111111"}
@@ -69,9 +108,11 @@ func TestToInt(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestToFloat(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToFloat")
 
-	cases := []interface{}{
+	cases := []any{
 		"", "-1", "-.11", "1.23e3", ".123e10", "abc",
 		int(0), int8(1), int16(-1), int32(123), int64(123),
 		uint(123), uint8(123), uint16(123), uint32(123), uint64(123),
@@ -87,6 +128,8 @@ func TestToFloat(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestToString(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToString")
 
 	aMap := make(map[string]int)
@@ -99,21 +142,35 @@ func TestToString(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	aStruct := TestStruct{Name: "TestStruct"}
 
-	cases := []interface{}{
+	i32Val := int32(123)
+	i64Val := int64(123)
+	iZeroVal := 0
+	fVal := 12.3
+	sVal := "abc"
+	var iNilPointer *int
+	var sNilPointer *string
+
+	cases := []any{
 		"", nil,
 		int(0), int8(1), int16(-1), int32(123), int64(123),
 		uint(123), uint8(123), uint16(123), uint32(123), uint64(123),
 		float64(12.3), float32(12.3),
 		true, false,
-		[]int{1, 2, 3}, aMap, aStruct, []byte{104, 101, 108, 108, 111}}
+		[]int{1, 2, 3}, aMap, aStruct, []byte{104, 101, 108, 108, 111},
+		&i32Val, &i64Val, &fVal, &sVal, &aStruct, iNilPointer, sNilPointer,
+		&iZeroVal,
+	}
 
 	expected := []string{
 		"", "",
 		"0", "1", "-1",
 		"123", "123", "123", "123", "123", "123", "123",
-		"12.3", "12.300000190734863",
+		"12.3", "12.3",
 		"true", "false",
-		"[1,2,3]", "{\"a\":1,\"b\":2,\"c\":3}", "{\"Name\":\"TestStruct\"}", "hello"}
+		"[1,2,3]", "{\"a\":1,\"b\":2,\"c\":3}", "{\"Name\":\"TestStruct\"}", "hello",
+		"123", "123", "12.3", "abc", "{\"Name\":\"TestStruct\"}", "", "",
+		"0",
+	}
 
 	for i := 0; i < len(cases); i++ {
 		actual := ToString(cases[i])
@@ -121,6 +178,8 @@ func TestToString(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 func TestToJson(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToJson")
 
 	var aMap = map[string]int{"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3}
@@ -135,23 +194,83 @@ func TestToJson(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal("{\"Name\":\"TestStruct\"}", structJsonStr)
 }
 
+func TestToMap(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToMap")
+
+	type Message struct {
+		name string
+		code int
+	}
+	messages := []Message{
+		{name: "Hello", code: 100},
+		{name: "Hi", code: 101},
+	}
+	result := ToMap(messages, func(msg Message) (int, string) {
+		return msg.code, msg.name
+	})
+	expected := map[int]string{100: "Hello", 101: "Hi"}
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, result)
+}
+
 func TestStructToMap(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestStructToMap")
 
-	type People struct {
-		Name string `json:"name"`
-		age  int
-	}
-	p := People{
-		"test",
-		100,
-	}
-	pm, _ := StructToMap(p)
-	var expected = map[string]interface{}{"name": "test"}
-	assert.Equal(expected, pm)
+	t.Run("StructToMap", func(_ *testing.T) {
+		type People struct {
+			Name string `json:"name"`
+			age  int
+		}
+		p := People{
+			"test",
+			100,
+		}
+		pm, _ := StructToMap(p)
+		var expected = map[string]any{"name": "test"}
+		assert.Equal(expected, pm)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("StructToMapWithJsonAttr", func(_ *testing.T) {
+		type People struct {
+			Name  string `json:"name,omitempty"` // json tag with attribute
+			Phone string `json:"phone"`          // json tag without attribute
+			Sex   string `json:"-"`              // ignore
+			age   int    // no tag
+		}
+		p := People{
+			Phone: "1111",
+			Sex:   "male",
+			age:   100,
+		}
+		pm, _ := StructToMap(p)
+		var expected = map[string]any{"phone": "1111"}
+		assert.Equal(expected, pm)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestMapToSlice(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMapToSlice")
+
+	aMap := map[string]int{"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3}
+	result := MapToSlice(aMap, func(key string, value int) string {
+		return key + ":" + strconv.Itoa(value)
+	})
+
+	assert.Equal(3, len(result))
+	assert.Equal(true, slice.Contain(result, "a:1"))
+	assert.Equal(true, slice.Contain(result, "b:2"))
+	assert.Equal(true, slice.Contain(result, "c:3"))
 }
 
 func TestColorHexToRGB(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	colorHex := "#003366"
 	r, g, b := ColorHexToRGB(colorHex)
 	colorRGB := fmt.Sprintf("%d,%d,%d", r, g, b)
@@ -162,6 +281,8 @@ func TestColorHexToRGB(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestColorRGBToHex(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	r := 0
 	g := 51
 	b := 102
@@ -171,3 +292,546 @@ func TestColorRGBToHex(t *testing.T) {
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestColorRGBToHex")
 	assert.Equal(expected, colorHex)
 }
+
+func TestToPointer(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToPointer")
+	result := ToPointer(123)
+
+	assert.Equal(*result, 123)
+}
+
+func TestEncodeByte(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestEncodeByte")
+
+	byteData, _ := EncodeByte("abc")
+	expected := []byte{6, 12, 0, 3, 97, 98, 99}
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, byteData)
+}
+
+func TestDecodeByte(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDecodeByte")
+
+	var obj string
+	byteData := []byte{6, 12, 0, 3, 97, 98, 99}
+	err := DecodeByte(byteData, &obj)
+	assert.IsNil(err)
+	assert.Equal("abc", obj)
+}
+
+func TestDeepClone(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDeepClone")
+
+	type Struct struct {
+		Str   string
+		Int   int
+		Float float64
+		Bool  bool
+		Nil   interface{}
+		// unexported string
+	}
+
+	cases := []interface{}{
+		true,
+		1,
+		0.1,
+		map[string]int{
+			"a": 1,
+			"b": 2,
+		},
+		&Struct{
+			Str:   "test",
+			Int:   1,
+			Float: 0.1,
+			Bool:  true,
+			Nil:   nil,
+			// unexported: "can't be cloned",
+		},
+		[]interface{}{1, &Struct{Str: "test"}, Struct{Str: "test2"}},
+	}
+
+	for i, item := range cases {
+		cloned := DeepClone(item)
+
+		if &cloned == &item {
+			t.Fatalf("[TestDeepClone case #%d failed]: equal pointer", i)
+		}
+
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(item, cloned) {
+			t.Fatalf("[TestDeepClone case #%d failed] unequal objects", i)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCopyProperties(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestCopyProperties")
+
+	type Disk struct {
+		Name    string  `json:"name"`
+		Total   string  `json:"total"`
+		Used    string  `json:"used"`
+		Percent float64 `json:"percent"`
+	}
+
+	type DiskVO struct {
+		Name    string  `json:"name"`
+		Total   string  `json:"total"`
+		Used    string  `json:"used"`
+		Percent float64 `json:"percent"`
+	}
+
+	type Indicator struct {
+		Id      string    `json:"id"`
+		Ip      string    `json:"ip"`
+		UpTime  string    `json:"upTime"`
+		LoadAvg string    `json:"loadAvg"`
+		Cpu     int       `json:"cpu"`
+		Disk    []Disk    `json:"disk"`
+		Stop    chan bool `json:"-"`
+	}
+
+	type IndicatorVO struct {
+		Id      string   `json:"id"`
+		Ip      string   `json:"ip"`
+		UpTime  string   `json:"upTime"`
+		LoadAvg string   `json:"loadAvg"`
+		Cpu     int64    `json:"cpu"`
+		Disk    []DiskVO `json:"disk"`
+	}
+
+	indicator := &Indicator{Id: "001", Ip: "127.0.0.1", Cpu: 1, Disk: []Disk{
+		{Name: "disk-001", Total: "100", Used: "1", Percent: 10},
+		{Name: "disk-002", Total: "200", Used: "1", Percent: 20},
+		{Name: "disk-003", Total: "300", Used: "1", Percent: 30},
+	}}
+
+	indicatorVO := IndicatorVO{}
+
+	err := CopyProperties(&indicatorVO, indicator)
+
+	assert.IsNil(err)
+	assert.Equal("001", indicatorVO.Id)
+	assert.Equal("127.0.0.1", indicatorVO.Ip)
+	assert.Equal(3, len(indicatorVO.Disk))
+}
+
+func TestToInterface(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToInterface")
+
+	cases := []reflect.Value{
+		reflect.ValueOf("abc"),
+		reflect.ValueOf(int(0)), reflect.ValueOf(int8(1)), reflect.ValueOf(int16(-1)), reflect.ValueOf(int32(123)), reflect.ValueOf(int64(123)),
+		reflect.ValueOf(uint(123)), reflect.ValueOf(uint8(123)), reflect.ValueOf(uint16(123)), reflect.ValueOf(uint32(123)), reflect.ValueOf(uint64(123)),
+		reflect.ValueOf(float64(12.3)), reflect.ValueOf(float32(12.3)),
+		reflect.ValueOf(true), reflect.ValueOf(false),
+	}
+
+	expected := []interface{}{
+		"abc",
+		0, int8(1), int16(-1), int32(123), int64(123),
+		uint(123), uint8(123), uint16(123), uint32(123), uint64(123),
+		float64(12.3), float32(12.3),
+		true, false,
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(cases); i++ {
+		actual, _ := ToInterface(cases[i])
+		assert.Equal(expected[i], actual)
+	}
+
+	nilVal, ok := ToInterface(reflect.ValueOf(nil))
+	assert.EqualValues(nil, nilVal)
+	assert.Equal(false, ok)
+}
+
+func TestUtf8ToGbk(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestUtf8ToGbk")
+
+	utf8Data := []byte("hello")
+	gbkData, err := Utf8ToGbk(utf8Data)
+
+	assert.Equal(true, utf8.Valid(utf8Data))
+	assert.Equal(true, validator.IsGBK(gbkData))
+	assert.IsNil(err)
+}
+
+func TestGbkToUtf8(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestGbkToUtf8")
+
+	gbkData, err := Utf8ToGbk([]byte("hello"))
+	utf8Data, err := GbkToUtf8(gbkData)
+
+	assert.IsNil(err)
+	assert.Equal(true, utf8.Valid(utf8Data))
+	assert.Equal("hello", string(utf8Data))
+}
+
+func TestToStdBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToStdBase64")
+
+	r1 := ToStdBase64("abc")
+	d1, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r1)
+	assert.Equal("abc", string(d1))
+
+	r2 := ToStdBase64([]byte("abc"))
+	d2, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r2)
+	assert.Equal("abc", string(d2))
+
+	r3 := ToStdBase64(123)
+	d3, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r3)
+	assert.Equal("123", string(d3))
+
+	r4 := ToStdBase64(11.11)
+	d4, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r4)
+	assert.Equal("11.11", string(d4))
+
+	r5 := ToStdBase64(map[string]any{"name": "duke", "quantity": 1})
+	d5, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r5)
+	assert.Equal("{\"name\":\"duke\",\"quantity\":1}", string(d5))
+
+	r6 := ToStdBase64([]int64{7, 5, 9, 4, 23})
+	d6, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r6)
+	assert.Equal("[7,5,9,4,23]", string(d6))
+
+	r7 := ToStdBase64([]string{"7", "5", "9", "4", "23"})
+	d7, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r7)
+	assert.Equal("[\"7\",\"5\",\"9\",\"4\",\"23\"]", string(d7))
+
+	r8 := ToStdBase64(nil)
+	d8, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r8)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d8))
+
+	ch := make(chan int, 3)
+	ch <- 1
+	ch <- 2
+	r9 := ToStdBase64(ch)
+	d9, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r9)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d9))
+
+	r10 := ToStdBase64(io.EOF)
+	d10, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r10)
+	assert.Equal("EOF", string(d10))
+
+	r11 := ToStdBase64(errors.New("test"))
+	d11, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r11)
+	assert.Equal("test", string(d11))
+
+	typedNil := (*int)(nil)
+	r12 := ToStdBase64(typedNil)
+	d12, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(r12)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d12))
+
+	type nilInterface interface {
+	}
+	var nI nilInterface = nil
+	d13, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(ToStdBase64(nI))
+	assert.Equal("", string(d13))
+
+	var p unsafe.Pointer
+	d14, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(ToStdBase64(p))
+	assert.Equal("", string(d14))
+}
+
+func TestToUrlBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToUrlBase64")
+
+	r1 := ToUrlBase64("abc")
+	d1, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r1)
+	assert.Equal("abc", string(d1))
+
+	r2 := ToUrlBase64([]byte("abc"))
+	d2, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r2)
+	assert.Equal("abc", string(d2))
+
+	r3 := ToUrlBase64(123)
+	d3, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r3)
+	assert.Equal("123", string(d3))
+
+	r4 := ToUrlBase64(11.11)
+	d4, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r4)
+	assert.Equal("11.11", string(d4))
+
+	r5 := ToUrlBase64(map[string]any{"name": "duke", "quantity": 1})
+	d5, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r5)
+	assert.Equal("{\"name\":\"duke\",\"quantity\":1}", string(d5))
+
+	r6 := ToUrlBase64([]int64{7, 5, 9, 4, 23})
+	d6, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r6)
+	assert.Equal("[7,5,9,4,23]", string(d6))
+
+	r7 := ToUrlBase64([]string{"7", "5", "9", "4", "23"})
+	d7, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r7)
+	assert.Equal("[\"7\",\"5\",\"9\",\"4\",\"23\"]", string(d7))
+
+	r8 := ToUrlBase64(nil)
+	d8, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r8)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d8))
+
+	ch := make(chan int, 3)
+	ch <- 1
+	ch <- 2
+	r9 := ToUrlBase64(ch)
+	d9, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r9)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d9))
+
+	r10 := ToUrlBase64(io.EOF)
+	d10, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r10)
+	assert.Equal("EOF", string(d10))
+
+	r11 := ToUrlBase64(errors.New("test"))
+	d11, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r11)
+	assert.Equal("test", string(d11))
+
+	typedNil := (*int)(nil)
+	r12 := ToUrlBase64(typedNil)
+	d12, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r12)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d12))
+
+	type nilInterface interface {
+	}
+	var nI nilInterface = nil
+	d13, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(ToUrlBase64(nI))
+	assert.Equal("", string(d13))
+
+	var p unsafe.Pointer
+	d14, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(ToUrlBase64(p))
+	assert.Equal("", string(d14))
+
+	r15 := ToUrlBase64("4+3/4?=")
+	d15, _ := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(r15)
+	assert.Equal("4+3/4?=", string(d15))
+}
+
+func TestToRawStdBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToRawStdBase64")
+
+	r1 := ToRawStdBase64("abc")
+	d1, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r1)
+	assert.Equal("abc", string(d1))
+
+	r2 := ToRawStdBase64([]byte("abc"))
+	d2, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r2)
+	assert.Equal("abc", string(d2))
+
+	r3 := ToRawStdBase64(123)
+	d3, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r3)
+	assert.Equal("123", string(d3))
+
+	r4 := ToRawStdBase64(11.11)
+	d4, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r4)
+	assert.Equal("11.11", string(d4))
+
+	r5 := ToRawStdBase64(map[string]any{"name": "duke", "quantity": 1})
+	d5, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r5)
+	assert.Equal("{\"name\":\"duke\",\"quantity\":1}", string(d5))
+
+	r6 := ToRawStdBase64([]int64{7, 5, 9, 4, 23})
+	d6, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r6)
+	assert.Equal("[7,5,9,4,23]", string(d6))
+
+	r7 := ToRawStdBase64([]string{"7", "5", "9", "4", "23"})
+	d7, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r7)
+	assert.Equal("[\"7\",\"5\",\"9\",\"4\",\"23\"]", string(d7))
+
+	r8 := ToRawStdBase64(nil)
+	d8, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r8)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d8))
+
+	ch := make(chan int, 3)
+	ch <- 1
+	ch <- 2
+	r9 := ToRawStdBase64(ch)
+	d9, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r9)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d9))
+
+	r10 := ToRawStdBase64(io.EOF)
+	d10, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r10)
+	assert.Equal("EOF", string(d10))
+
+	r11 := ToRawStdBase64(errors.New("test"))
+	d11, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r11)
+	assert.Equal("test", string(d11))
+
+	typedNil := (*int)(nil)
+	r12 := ToRawStdBase64(typedNil)
+	d12, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(r12)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d12))
+
+	type nilInterface interface {
+	}
+	var nI nilInterface = nil
+	d13, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(ToRawStdBase64(nI))
+	assert.Equal("", string(d13))
+
+	var p unsafe.Pointer
+	d14, _ := base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(ToRawStdBase64(p))
+	assert.Equal("", string(d14))
+}
+
+func TestToRawUrlBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToRawUrlBase64")
+
+	r1 := ToRawUrlBase64("abc")
+	d1, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r1)
+	assert.Equal("abc", string(d1))
+
+	r2 := ToRawUrlBase64([]byte("abc"))
+	d2, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r2)
+	assert.Equal("abc", string(d2))
+
+	r3 := ToRawUrlBase64(123)
+	d3, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r3)
+	assert.Equal("123", string(d3))
+
+	r4 := ToRawUrlBase64(11.11)
+	d4, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r4)
+	assert.Equal("11.11", string(d4))
+
+	r5 := ToRawUrlBase64(map[string]any{"name": "duke", "quantity": 1})
+	d5, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r5)
+	assert.Equal("{\"name\":\"duke\",\"quantity\":1}", string(d5))
+
+	r6 := ToRawUrlBase64([]int64{7, 5, 9, 4, 23})
+	d6, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r6)
+	assert.Equal("[7,5,9,4,23]", string(d6))
+
+	r7 := ToRawUrlBase64([]string{"7", "5", "9", "4", "23"})
+	d7, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r7)
+	assert.Equal("[\"7\",\"5\",\"9\",\"4\",\"23\"]", string(d7))
+
+	r8 := ToRawUrlBase64(nil)
+	d8, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r8)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d8))
+
+	ch := make(chan int, 3)
+	ch <- 1
+	ch <- 2
+	r9 := ToRawUrlBase64(ch)
+	d9, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r9)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d9))
+
+	r10 := ToRawUrlBase64(io.EOF)
+	d10, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r10)
+	assert.Equal("EOF", string(d10))
+
+	r11 := ToRawUrlBase64(errors.New("test"))
+	d11, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r11)
+	assert.Equal("test", string(d11))
+
+	typedNil := (*int)(nil)
+	r12 := ToRawUrlBase64(typedNil)
+	d12, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r12)
+	assert.Equal("", string(d12))
+
+	type nilInterface interface {
+	}
+	var nI nilInterface = nil
+	d13, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(ToRawUrlBase64(nI))
+	assert.Equal("", string(d13))
+
+	var p unsafe.Pointer
+	d14, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(ToRawUrlBase64(p))
+	assert.Equal("", string(d14))
+
+	r15 := ToRawUrlBase64("4+3/4?=")
+	d15, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r15)
+	assert.Equal("4+3/4?=", string(d15))
+}
+
+func TestToBigInt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToBigInt")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name   string
+		input  any
+		want   *big.Int
+		hasErr bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "int",
+			input: 42,
+			want:  big.NewInt(42),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "int8",
+			input: int8(127),
+			want:  big.NewInt(127),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "int16",
+			input: int16(32000),
+			want:  big.NewInt(32000),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "int32",
+			input: int32(123456),
+			want:  big.NewInt(123456),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "int64",
+			input: int64(987654321),
+			want:  big.NewInt(987654321),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint",
+			input: uint(987654321),
+			want:  big.NewInt(987654321),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint8",
+			input: uint8(255),
+			want:  big.NewInt(255),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint16",
+			input: uint16(65535),
+			want:  big.NewInt(65535),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint32",
+			input: uint32(4294967295),
+			want:  big.NewInt(4294967295),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint64",
+			input: uint64(18446744073709551615),
+			want:  new(big.Int).SetUint64(18446744073709551615),
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "unsupported type",
+			input:  3.14, // Unsupported type
+			hasErr: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := ToBigInt(tt.input)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.hasErr {
+				t.Errorf("ToBigInt() error = %v, hasErr %v", err, tt.hasErr)
+				return
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(tt.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}

cryptor/aes.go

@@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
-// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
-
-// Package cryptor implements some util functions to encrypt and decrypt.
-// Note:
-// 1. for aes crypt function, the `key` param length should be 16, 24 or 32. if not, will panic.
-package cryptor
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"crypto/aes"
-	"crypto/cipher"
-	"crypto/rand"
-	"io"
-)
-
-// AesEcbEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES ECB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesEcbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	cipher, _ := aes.NewCipher(generateAesKey(key))
-	length := (len(data) + aes.BlockSize) / aes.BlockSize
-	plain := make([]byte, length*aes.BlockSize)
-	copy(plain, data)
-	pad := byte(len(plain) - len(data))
-	for i := len(data); i < len(plain); i++ {
-		plain[i] = pad
-	}
-	encrypted := make([]byte, len(plain))
-	for bs, be := 0, cipher.BlockSize(); bs <= len(data); bs, be = bs+cipher.BlockSize(), be+cipher.BlockSize() {
-		cipher.Encrypt(encrypted[bs:be], plain[bs:be])
-	}
-
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// AesEcbDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES ECB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesEcbDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
-	cipher, _ := aes.NewCipher(generateAesKey(key))
-	decrypted := make([]byte, len(encrypted))
-	//
-	for bs, be := 0, cipher.BlockSize(); bs < len(encrypted); bs, be = bs+cipher.BlockSize(), be+cipher.BlockSize() {
-		cipher.Decrypt(decrypted[bs:be], encrypted[bs:be])
-	}
-
-	trim := 0
-	if len(decrypted) > 0 {
-		trim = len(decrypted) - int(decrypted[len(decrypted)-1])
-	}
-
-	return decrypted[:trim]
-}
-
-// AesCbcEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES CBC algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesCbcEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-	block, _ := aes.NewCipher(key)
-	blockSize := block.BlockSize()
-	data = pkcs7Padding(data, blockSize)
-	blockMode := cipher.NewCBCEncrypter(block, key[:blockSize])
-
-	encrypted := make([]byte, len(data))
-	blockMode.CryptBlocks(encrypted, data)
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// AesCbcDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES CBC algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesCbcDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, _ := aes.NewCipher(key)
-	blockSize := block.BlockSize()
-	blockMode := cipher.NewCBCDecrypter(block, key[:blockSize])
-
-	decrypted := make([]byte, len(encrypted))
-	blockMode.CryptBlocks(decrypted, encrypted)
-	decrypted = pkcs7UnPadding(decrypted)
-	return decrypted
-}
-
-// AesCtrCrypt encrypt data with key use AES CTR algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesCtrCrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, _ := aes.NewCipher(key)
-
-	iv := bytes.Repeat([]byte("1"), block.BlockSize())
-	stream := cipher.NewCTR(block, iv)
-
-	dst := make([]byte, len(data))
-	stream.XORKeyStream(dst, data)
-
-	return dst
-}
-
-// AesCfbEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES CFB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesCfbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	encrypted := make([]byte, aes.BlockSize+len(data))
-	iv := encrypted[:aes.BlockSize]
-	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	stream := cipher.NewCFBEncrypter(block, iv)
-	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted[aes.BlockSize:], data)
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// AesCfbDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES CFB algorithm
-// len(encrypted) should be great than 16, len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesCfbDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, _ := aes.NewCipher(key)
-	if len(encrypted) < aes.BlockSize {
-		panic("encrypted data is too short")
-	}
-	iv := encrypted[:aes.BlockSize]
-	encrypted = encrypted[aes.BlockSize:]
-
-	stream := cipher.NewCFBDecrypter(block, iv)
-	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted, encrypted)
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// AesOfbEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES OFB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesOfbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	data = pkcs7Padding(data, aes.BlockSize)
-	encrypted := make([]byte, aes.BlockSize+len(data))
-	iv := encrypted[:aes.BlockSize]
-	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	stream := cipher.NewOFB(block, iv)
-	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted[aes.BlockSize:], data)
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// AesOfbDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES OFB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func AesOfbDecrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	iv := data[:aes.BlockSize]
-	data = data[aes.BlockSize:]
-	if len(data)%aes.BlockSize != 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	decrypted := make([]byte, len(data))
-	mode := cipher.NewOFB(block, iv)
-	mode.XORKeyStream(decrypted, data)
-
-	decrypted = pkcs7UnPadding(decrypted)
-	return decrypted
-}

cryptor/aes_test.go

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-package cryptor
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/internal"
-)
-
-func TestAesEcbEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
-
-	aesEcbEncrypt := AesEcbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	aesEcbDecrypt := AesEcbDecrypt(aesEcbEncrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesEcbEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(aesEcbDecrypt))
-}
-
-func TestAesCbcEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
-
-	aesCbcEncrypt := AesCbcEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	aesCbcDecrypt := AesCbcDecrypt(aesCbcEncrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesCbcEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(aesCbcDecrypt))
-}
-
-func TestAesCtrCrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
-
-	aesCtrCrypt := AesCtrCrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	aesCtrDeCrypt := AesCtrCrypt(aesCtrCrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesCtrCrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(aesCtrDeCrypt))
-}
-
-func TestAesCfbEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
-
-	aesCfbEncrypt := AesCfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	aesCfbDecrypt := AesCfbDecrypt(aesCfbEncrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesCfbEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(aesCfbDecrypt))
-}
-
-func TestAesOfbEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
-
-	aesOfbEncrypt := AesOfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	aesOfbDecrypt := AesOfbDecrypt(aesOfbEncrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesOfbEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(aesOfbDecrypt))
-}

cryptor/basic.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 package cryptor
 
 import (
-	"bufio"
 	"crypto/hmac"
 	"crypto/md5"
 	"crypto/sha1"
@@ -19,101 +18,194 @@ import (
 	"os"
 )
 
-// Base64StdEncode encode string with base64 encoding
+// Base64StdEncode encode string with base64 encoding.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/VOaUyQUreoK
 func Base64StdEncode(s string) string {
 	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(s))
 }
 
-// Base64StdDecode decode a base64 encoded string
+// Base64StdDecode decode a base64 encoded string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/RWQylnJVgIe
 func Base64StdDecode(s string) string {
 	b, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(s)
 	return string(b)
 }
 
-// Md5String return the md5 value of string
+// Md5String return the md5 value of string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/1bLcVetbTOI
 func Md5String(s string) string {
 	h := md5.New()
 	h.Write([]byte(s))
 	return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil))
 }
 
-// Md5File return the md5 value of file
-func Md5File(filename string) (string, error) {
-	if fileInfo, err := os.Stat(filename); err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	} else if fileInfo.IsDir() {
-		return "", nil
-	}
+// Md5StringWithBase64 return the md5 value of string with base64.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/Lx4gH7Vdr5_y
+func Md5StringWithBase64(s string) string {
+	h := md5.New()
+	h.Write([]byte(s))
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil))
+}
 
+// Md5Byte return the md5 string of byte slice.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/suraalH8lyC
+func Md5Byte(data []byte) string {
+	h := md5.New()
+	h.Write(data)
+	return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil))
+}
+
+// Md5ByteWithBase64 return the md5 string of byte slice with base64.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/Tcb-Z7LN2ax
+func Md5ByteWithBase64(data []byte) string {
+	h := md5.New()
+	h.Write(data)
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil))
+}
+
+// Md5File return the md5 value of file.
+func Md5File(filename string) (string, error) {
 	file, err := os.Open(filename)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 	defer file.Close()
 
-	hash := md5.New()
-
-	chunkSize := 65536
-	for buf, reader := make([]byte, chunkSize), bufio.NewReader(file); ; {
-		n, err := reader.Read(buf)
-		if err != nil {
-			if err == io.EOF {
-				break
-			}
-			return "", err
-		}
-		hash.Write(buf[:n])
+	stat, err := file.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if stat.IsDir() {
+		return "", nil
 	}
 
-	checksum := fmt.Sprintf("%x", hash.Sum(nil))
-	return checksum, nil
+	hash := md5.New()
+	buf := make([]byte, 65536) // 64KB
+
+	for {
+		n, err := file.Read(buf)
+		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		if n > 0 {
+			hash.Write(buf[:n])
+		}
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", hash.Sum(nil)), nil
 }
 
-// HmacMd5 return the hmac hash of string use md5
-func HmacMd5(data, key string) string {
+// HmacMd5 return the hmac hash of string use md5.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/uef0q1fz53I
+func HmacMd5(str, key string) string {
+	h := hmac.New(md5.New, []byte(key))
+	h.Write([]byte(str))
+	return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
+}
+
+// HmacMd5WithBase64 return the hmac hash of string use md5 with base64.
+// https://go.dev/play/p/UY0ng2AefFC
+func HmacMd5WithBase64(data, key string) string {
 	h := hmac.New(md5.New, []byte(key))
 	h.Write([]byte(data))
-	return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
 }
 
-// HmacSha1 return the hmac hash of string use sha1
-func HmacSha1(data, key string) string {
+// HmacSha1 return the hmac hash of string use sha1.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/1UI4oQ4WXKM
+func HmacSha1(str, key string) string {
 	h := hmac.New(sha1.New, []byte(key))
-	h.Write([]byte(data))
+	h.Write([]byte(str))
 	return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
 }
 
-// HmacSha256 return the hmac hash of string use sha256
-func HmacSha256(data, key string) string {
+// HmacSha1WithBase64 return the hmac hash of string use sha1 with base64.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/47JmmGrnF7B
+func HmacSha1WithBase64(str, key string) string {
+	h := hmac.New(sha1.New, []byte(key))
+	h.Write([]byte(str))
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
+}
+
+// HmacSha256 return the hmac hash of string use sha256.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/HhpwXxFhhC0
+func HmacSha256(str, key string) string {
 	h := hmac.New(sha256.New, []byte(key))
-	h.Write([]byte(data))
+	h.Write([]byte(str))
 	return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
 }
 
-// HmacSha512 return the hmac hash of string use sha512
-func HmacSha512(data, key string) string {
+// HmacSha256WithBase64 return the hmac hash of string use sha256 with base64.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/EKbkUvPTLwO
+func HmacSha256WithBase64(str, key string) string {
+	h := hmac.New(sha256.New, []byte(key))
+	h.Write([]byte(str))
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
+}
+
+// HmacSha512 return the hmac hash of string use sha512.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/59Od6m4A0Ud
+func HmacSha512(str, key string) string {
 	h := hmac.New(sha512.New, []byte(key))
-	h.Write([]byte(data))
+	h.Write([]byte(str))
 	return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
 }
 
-// Sha1 return the sha1 value (SHA-1 hash algorithm) of string
-func Sha1(data string) string {
+// HmacSha512WithBase64 return the hmac hash of string use sha512 with base64.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/c6dSe3E2ydU
+func HmacSha512WithBase64(str, key string) string {
+	h := hmac.New(sha512.New, []byte(key))
+	h.Write([]byte(str))
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(h.Sum([]byte("")))
+}
+
+// Sha1 return the sha1 value (SHA-1 hash algorithm) of string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/_m_uoD1deMT
+func Sha1(str string) string {
 	sha1 := sha1.New()
-	sha1.Write([]byte(data))
+	sha1.Write([]byte(str))
 	return hex.EncodeToString(sha1.Sum([]byte("")))
 }
 
-// Sha256 return the sha256 value (SHA256 hash algorithm) of string
-func Sha256(data string) string {
+// Sha1WithBase64 return the sha1 value (SHA-1 hash algorithm) of base64 string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/fSyx-Gl2l2-
+func Sha1WithBase64(str string) string {
+	sha1 := sha1.New()
+	sha1.Write([]byte(str))
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(sha1.Sum([]byte("")))
+}
+
+// Sha256 return the sha256 value (SHA256 hash algorithm) of string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/tU9tfBMIAr1
+func Sha256(str string) string {
 	sha256 := sha256.New()
-	sha256.Write([]byte(data))
+	sha256.Write([]byte(str))
 	return hex.EncodeToString(sha256.Sum([]byte("")))
 }
 
-// Sha512 return the sha512 value (SHA512 hash algorithm) of string
-func Sha512(data string) string {
+// Sha256WithBase64 return the sha256 value (SHA256 hash algorithm) of base64 string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/85IXJHIal1k
+func Sha256WithBase64(str string) string {
+	sha256 := sha256.New()
+	sha256.Write([]byte(str))
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(sha256.Sum([]byte("")))
+}
+
+// Sha512 return the sha512 value (SHA512 hash algorithm) of string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/3WsvLYZxsHa
+func Sha512(str string) string {
 	sha512 := sha512.New()
-	sha512.Write([]byte(data))
+	sha512.Write([]byte(str))
 	return hex.EncodeToString(sha512.Sum([]byte("")))
 }
+
+// Sha512WithBase64 return the sha512 value (SHA512 hash algorithm) of base64 string.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/q_fY2rA-k5I
+func Sha512WithBase64(str string) string {
+	sha512 := sha512.New()
+	sha512.Write([]byte(str))
+	return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(sha512.Sum([]byte("")))
+}

cryptor/basic_test.go

@@ -3,25 +3,55 @@ package cryptor
 import (
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/internal"
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
 )
 
 func TestBase64StdEncode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBase64StdEncode")
 	assert.Equal("aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=", Base64StdEncode("hello world"))
 }
 
 func TestBase64StdDecode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBase64StdDecode")
 	assert.Equal("hello world", Base64StdDecode("aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ="))
 }
 
 func TestMd5String(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMd5String")
 	assert.Equal("5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592", Md5String("hello"))
 }
 
+func TestMd5StringWithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMd5StringWithBase64")
+	assert.Equal("XUFAKrxLKna5cZ2REBfFkg==", Md5StringWithBase64("hello"))
+}
+
+func TestMd5Byte(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMd5Byte")
+	data := []byte{'a'}
+	assert.Equal("0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661", Md5Byte(data))
+}
+
+func TestMd5ByteWithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMd5ByteWithBase64")
+	assert.Equal("XUFAKrxLKna5cZ2REBfFkg==", Md5ByteWithBase64([]byte("hello")))
+}
+
 func TestMd5File(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	fileMd5, err := Md5File("./basic.go")
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMd5File")
 	assert.IsNotNil(fileMd5)
@@ -29,11 +59,22 @@ func TestMd5File(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestHmacMd5(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHmacMd5")
 	assert.Equal("5f4c9faaff0a1ad3007d9ddc06abe36d", HmacMd5("hello world", "12345"))
 }
 
+func TestHmacMd5WithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHmacMd5WithBase64")
+	assert.Equal("6DQwbquJLYclJdSRinpjmg==", HmacMd5WithBase64("hello", "12345"))
+}
+
 func TestHmacSha1(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	s := "hello world"
 	key := "12345"
 	hmacSha1 := HmacSha1(s, key)
@@ -43,17 +84,45 @@ func TestHmacSha1(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(expected, hmacSha1)
 }
 
-func TestHmacSha256(t *testing.T) {
-	s := "hello world"
+func TestHmacSha1WithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	s := "hello"
 	key := "12345"
-	hmacSha256 := HmacSha256(s, key)
+	hmacSha1 := HmacSha1WithBase64(s, key)
+	expected := "XGqdsMzLkuNu0DI/0Jt/k23prOA="
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHmacSha1")
+	assert.Equal(expected, hmacSha1)
+}
+
+func TestHmacSha256(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	str := "hello world"
+	key := "12345"
+	hmacSha256 := HmacSha256(str, key)
 	expected := "9dce2609f2d67d41f74c7f9efc8ccd44370d41ad2de52982627588dfe7289ab8"
 
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHmacSha256")
 	assert.Equal(expected, hmacSha256)
 }
 
+func TestHmacSha256WithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+	hms := HmacSha256WithBase64(str, key)
+	expected := "MVu5PE6YmGK6Ccti4F1zpfN2yzbw14btqwwyDQWf3nU="
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHmacSha256WithBase64")
+	assert.Equal(expected, hms)
+}
+
 func TestHmacSha512(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	s := "hello world"
 	key := "12345"
 	hmacSha512 := HmacSha512(s, key)
@@ -63,7 +132,21 @@ func TestHmacSha512(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(expected, hmacSha512)
 }
 
+func TestHmacSha512WithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+	hms := HmacSha512WithBase64(str, key)
+	expected := "3Y8SkKndI9NU4lJtmi6c6M///dN8syCADRxsE9Lvw2Mog3ahlsVFja9T+OGqa0Wm2FYwPVwKIGS/+XhYYdSM/A=="
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHmacSha512WithBase64")
+	assert.Equal(expected, hms)
+}
+
 func TestSha1(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	s := "hello world"
 	sha1 := Sha1(s)
 	expected := "2aae6c35c94fcfb415dbe95f408b9ce91ee846ed"
@@ -72,7 +155,19 @@ func TestSha1(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(expected, sha1)
 }
 
+func TestSha1WithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	str := Sha1WithBase64("hello")
+	expected := "qvTGHdzF6KLavt4PO0gs2a6pQ00="
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSha1WithBase64")
+	assert.Equal(expected, str)
+}
+
 func TestSha256(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	s := "hello world"
 	sha256 := Sha256(s)
 	expected := "b94d27b9934d3e08a52e52d7da7dabfac484efe37a5380ee9088f7ace2efcde9"
@@ -81,7 +176,19 @@ func TestSha256(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(expected, sha256)
 }
 
+func TestSha256WithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	str := Sha256WithBase64("hello")
+	expected := "LPJNul+wow4m6DsqxbninhsWHlwfp0JecwQzYpOLmCQ="
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSha256WithBase64")
+	assert.Equal(expected, str)
+}
+
 func TestSha512(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
 	s := "hello world"
 	sha512 := Sha512(s)
 	expected := "309ecc489c12d6eb4cc40f50c902f2b4d0ed77ee511a7c7a9bcd3ca86d4cd86f989dd35bc5ff499670da34255b45b0cfd830e81f605dcf7dc5542e93ae9cd76f"
@@ -89,3 +196,13 @@ func TestSha512(t *testing.T) {
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSha512")
 	assert.Equal(expected, sha512)
 }
+
+func TestSha512WithBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	str := Sha512WithBase64("hello")
+	expected := "m3HSJL1i83hdltRq0+o9czGb+8KJDKra4t/3JRlnPKcjI8PZm6XBHXx6zG4UuMXaDEZjR1wuXDre9G9zvN7AQw=="
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSha512WithBase64")
+	assert.Equal(expected, str)
+}

cryptor/crypto.go

@@ -0,0 +1,859 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package cryptor implements some util functions to encrypt and decrypt.
+// Note:
+// 1. for aes crypt function, the `key` param length should be 16, 24 or 32. if not, will panic.
+package cryptor
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/aes"
+	"crypto/cipher"
+	"crypto/des"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+)
+
+// AesEcbEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES ECB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/jT5irszHx-j
+func AesEcbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	blockSize := aes.BlockSize
+	dataLen := len(data)
+	padding := blockSize - (dataLen % blockSize)
+	paddedLen := dataLen + padding
+
+	paddedData := make([]byte, paddedLen)
+	copy(paddedData, data)
+
+	for i := dataLen; i < paddedLen; i++ {
+		paddedData[i] = byte(padding)
+	}
+
+	cipher, err := aes.NewCipher(generateAesKey(key, len(key)))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	encrypted := make([]byte, paddedLen)
+	for bs := 0; bs < paddedLen; bs += blockSize {
+		cipher.Encrypt(encrypted[bs:], paddedData[bs:])
+	}
+
+	return encrypted
+}
+
+// AesEcbDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES ECB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/jT5irszHx-j
+func AesEcbDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	blockSize := aes.BlockSize
+	if len(encrypted)%blockSize != 0 {
+		panic("aes: encrypted data length is not a multiple of block size")
+	}
+
+	cipher, err := aes.NewCipher(generateAesKey(key, len(key)))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	decrypted := make([]byte, len(encrypted))
+	for i := 0; i < len(encrypted); i += blockSize {
+		cipher.Decrypt(decrypted[i:], encrypted[i:])
+	}
+
+	if len(decrypted) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	padding := int(decrypted[len(decrypted)-1])
+	if padding == 0 || padding > blockSize {
+		panic("aes: invalid PKCS#7 padding")
+	}
+	for i := len(decrypted) - padding; i < len(decrypted); i++ {
+		if decrypted[i] != byte(padding) {
+			panic("aes: invalid PKCS#7 padding content")
+		}
+	}
+
+	return decrypted[:len(decrypted)-padding]
+}
+
+// AesCbcEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES CBC algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/IOq_g8_lKZD
+func AesCbcEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	padding := aes.BlockSize - len(data)%aes.BlockSize
+	padded := append(data, bytes.Repeat([]byte{byte(padding)}, padding)...)
+
+	iv := make([]byte, aes.BlockSize)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to generate IV: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	encrypted := make([]byte, len(padded))
+	mode := cipher.NewCBCEncrypter(block, iv)
+	mode.CryptBlocks(encrypted, padded)
+
+	return append(iv, encrypted...)
+}
+
+// AesCbcDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES CBC algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/IOq_g8_lKZD
+func AesCbcDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	if len(encrypted) < aes.BlockSize {
+		panic("aes: ciphertext too short")
+	}
+
+	if len(encrypted)%aes.BlockSize != 0 {
+		panic("aes: ciphertext is not a multiple of the block size")
+	}
+
+	iv := encrypted[:aes.BlockSize]
+	ciphertext := encrypted[aes.BlockSize:]
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	decrypted := make([]byte, len(ciphertext))
+	mode := cipher.NewCBCDecrypter(block, iv)
+	mode.CryptBlocks(decrypted, ciphertext)
+
+	return pkcs7UnPadding(decrypted)
+}
+
+// AesCtrCrypt encrypt data with key use AES CTR algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/SpaZO0-5Nsp
+// deprecated: use AesCtrEncrypt and AesCtrDecrypt instead.
+func AesCtrCrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	block, _ := aes.NewCipher(key)
+
+	iv := bytes.Repeat([]byte("1"), block.BlockSize())
+	stream := cipher.NewCTR(block, iv)
+
+	dst := make([]byte, len(data))
+	stream.XORKeyStream(dst, data)
+
+	return dst
+}
+
+// AesCtrEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES CTR algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: todo
+func AesCtrEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	iv := make([]byte, aes.BlockSize)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to generate IV: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	stream := cipher.NewCTR(block, iv)
+	ciphertext := make([]byte, len(data))
+	stream.XORKeyStream(ciphertext, data)
+
+	return append(iv, ciphertext...)
+}
+
+// AesCtrDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES CTR algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: todo
+func AesCtrDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+	if len(encrypted) < aes.BlockSize {
+		panic("aes: invalid ciphertext length")
+	}
+
+	iv := encrypted[:aes.BlockSize]
+	ciphertext := encrypted[aes.BlockSize:]
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	stream := cipher.NewCTR(block, iv)
+	plaintext := make([]byte, len(ciphertext))
+	stream.XORKeyStream(plaintext, ciphertext)
+
+	return plaintext
+}
+
+// AesCfbEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES CFB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/tfkF10B13kH
+func AesCfbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	iv := make([]byte, aes.BlockSize)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to generate IV: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	ciphertext := make([]byte, len(data))
+	stream := cipher.NewCFBEncrypter(block, iv)
+	stream.XORKeyStream(ciphertext, data)
+
+	return append(iv, ciphertext...)
+}
+
+// AesCfbDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES CFB algorithm
+// len(encrypted) should be great than 16, len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/tfkF10B13kH
+func AesCfbDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	if len(encrypted) < aes.BlockSize {
+		panic("aes: encrypted data too short")
+	}
+
+	iv := encrypted[:aes.BlockSize]
+	ciphertext := encrypted[aes.BlockSize:]
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	plaintext := make([]byte, len(ciphertext))
+	stream := cipher.NewCFBDecrypter(block, iv)
+	stream.XORKeyStream(plaintext, ciphertext)
+
+	return plaintext
+}
+
+// AesOfbEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES OFB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/VtHxtkUj-3F
+func AesOfbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	iv := make([]byte, aes.BlockSize)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to generate IV: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	ciphertext := make([]byte, len(data))
+	stream := cipher.NewOFB(block, iv)
+	stream.XORKeyStream(ciphertext, data)
+
+	return append(iv, ciphertext...)
+}
+
+// AesOfbDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES OFB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/VtHxtkUj-3F
+func AesOfbDecrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	if len(data) < aes.BlockSize {
+		panic("aes: encrypted data too short")
+	}
+
+	iv := data[:aes.BlockSize]
+	ciphertext := data[aes.BlockSize:]
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	plaintext := make([]byte, len(ciphertext))
+	stream := cipher.NewOFB(block, iv)
+	stream.XORKeyStream(plaintext, ciphertext)
+
+	return plaintext
+}
+
+// AesGcmEncrypt encrypt data with key use AES GCM algorithm
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/rUt0-DmsPCs
+func AesGcmEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	gcm, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create GCM: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	nonce := make([]byte, gcm.NonceSize())
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, nonce); err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to generate nonce: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	ciphertext := gcm.Seal(nil, nonce, data, nil)
+
+	return append(nonce, ciphertext...)
+}
+
+// AesGcmDecrypt decrypt data with key use AES GCM algorithm
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/rUt0-DmsPCs
+func AesGcmDecrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if !isAesKeyLengthValid(len(key)) {
+		panic("aes: invalid key length (must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes)")
+	}
+
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	gcm, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: failed to create GCM: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	nonceSize := gcm.NonceSize()
+	if len(data) < nonceSize {
+		panic("aes: ciphertext too short")
+	}
+
+	nonce, ciphertext := data[:nonceSize], data[nonceSize:]
+	plaintext, err := gcm.Open(nil, nonce, ciphertext, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("aes: decryption failed: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	return plaintext
+}
+
+// DesEcbEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES ECB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/8qivmPeZy4P
+func DesEcbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	cipher, err := des.NewCipher(generateDesKey(key))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	blockSize := cipher.BlockSize()
+	padded := pkcs5Padding(data, blockSize)
+	encrypted := make([]byte, len(padded))
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(padded); i += blockSize {
+		cipher.Encrypt(encrypted[i:], padded[i:])
+	}
+
+	return encrypted
+}
+
+// DesEcbDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES ECB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/8qivmPeZy4P
+func DesEcbDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
+	cipher, err := des.NewCipher(generateDesKey(key))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	blockSize := cipher.BlockSize()
+	if len(encrypted)%blockSize != 0 {
+		panic("des: invalid encrypted data length")
+	}
+
+	decrypted := make([]byte, len(encrypted))
+	for i := 0; i < len(encrypted); i += blockSize {
+		cipher.Decrypt(decrypted[i:], encrypted[i:])
+	}
+
+	// Remove padding
+	return pkcs5UnPadding(decrypted)
+}
+
+// DesCbcEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES CBC algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/4cC4QvWfe3_1
+func DesCbcEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if len(key) != 8 {
+		panic("des: key length must be 8 bytes")
+	}
+
+	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	blockSize := block.BlockSize()
+	data = pkcs7Padding(data, blockSize)
+
+	encrypted := make([]byte, blockSize+len(data))
+	iv := encrypted[:blockSize]
+
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to generate IV: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	mode := cipher.NewCBCEncrypter(block, iv)
+	mode.CryptBlocks(encrypted[blockSize:], data)
+
+	return encrypted
+}
+
+// DesCbcDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES CBC algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/4cC4QvWfe3_1
+func DesCbcDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
+	if len(key) != 8 {
+		panic("des: key length must be 8 bytes")
+	}
+
+	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	blockSize := block.BlockSize()
+	if len(encrypted) < blockSize || len(encrypted)%blockSize != 0 {
+		panic("des: invalid encrypted data length")
+	}
+
+	iv := encrypted[:blockSize]
+	ciphertext := encrypted[blockSize:]
+
+	mode := cipher.NewCBCDecrypter(block, iv)
+	mode.CryptBlocks(ciphertext, ciphertext)
+
+	return pkcs7UnPadding(ciphertext)
+}
+
+// DesCtrCrypt encrypt data with key use DES CTR algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/9-T6OjKpcdw
+// deprecated: use DesCtrEncrypt and DesCtrDecrypt instead.
+func DesCtrCrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	size := len(key)
+	if size != 8 {
+		panic("key length shoud be 8")
+	}
+
+	block, _ := des.NewCipher(key)
+
+	iv := bytes.Repeat([]byte("1"), block.BlockSize())
+	stream := cipher.NewCTR(block, iv)
+
+	dst := make([]byte, len(data))
+	stream.XORKeyStream(dst, data)
+
+	return dst
+}
+
+// DesCtrEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES CTR algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: todo
+func DesCtrEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if len(key) != 8 {
+		panic("des: key length must be 8 bytes")
+	}
+
+	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	iv := make([]byte, block.BlockSize())
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to generate IV: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	stream := cipher.NewCTR(block, iv)
+
+	encrypted := make([]byte, len(data))
+	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted, data)
+
+	// 返回前缀包含 IV，便于解密
+	return append(iv, encrypted...)
+}
+
+// DesCtrDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES CTR algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: todo
+func DesCtrDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
+	if len(key) != 8 {
+		panic("des: key length must be 8 bytes")
+	}
+
+	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	blockSize := block.BlockSize()
+	if len(encrypted) < blockSize {
+		panic("des: ciphertext too short")
+	}
+
+	iv := encrypted[:blockSize]
+	ciphertext := encrypted[blockSize:]
+
+	stream := cipher.NewCTR(block, iv)
+
+	decrypted := make([]byte, len(ciphertext))
+	stream.XORKeyStream(decrypted, ciphertext)
+
+	return decrypted
+}
+
+// DesCfbEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES CFB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/y-eNxcFBlxL
+func DesCfbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if len(key) != 8 {
+		panic("des: key length must be 8 bytes")
+	}
+
+	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	iv := make([]byte, des.BlockSize)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to generate IV: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	encrypted := make([]byte, des.BlockSize+len(data))
+
+	copy(encrypted[:des.BlockSize], iv)
+
+	stream := cipher.NewCFBEncrypter(block, iv)
+	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted[des.BlockSize:], data)
+
+	return encrypted
+}
+
+// DesCfbDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES CFB algorithm
+// len(encrypted) should be great than 16, len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/y-eNxcFBlxL
+func DesCfbDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
+	if len(key) != 8 {
+		panic("des: key length must be 8 bytes")
+	}
+
+	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	if len(encrypted) < des.BlockSize {
+		panic("des: encrypted data too short")
+	}
+
+	iv := encrypted[:des.BlockSize]
+	ciphertext := encrypted[des.BlockSize:]
+
+	stream := cipher.NewCFBDecrypter(block, iv)
+	stream.XORKeyStream(ciphertext, ciphertext)
+
+	return ciphertext
+}
+
+// DesOfbEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES OFB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/74KmNadjN1J
+func DesOfbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if len(key) != 8 {
+		panic("des: key length must be 8 bytes")
+	}
+
+	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	data = pkcs7Padding(data, des.BlockSize)
+
+	iv := make([]byte, des.BlockSize)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to generate IV: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	encrypted := make([]byte, des.BlockSize+len(data))
+	copy(encrypted[:des.BlockSize], iv)
+
+	stream := cipher.NewOFB(block, iv)
+	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted[des.BlockSize:], data)
+
+	return encrypted
+}
+
+// DesOfbDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES OFB algorithm
+// len(key) should be 8.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/74KmNadjN1J
+func DesOfbDecrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
+	if len(key) != 8 {
+		panic("des: key length must be 8 bytes")
+	}
+
+	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("des: failed to create cipher: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	if len(data) < des.BlockSize {
+		panic("des: encrypted data too short")
+	}
+
+	iv := data[:des.BlockSize]
+	ciphertext := data[des.BlockSize:]
+
+	stream := cipher.NewOFB(block, iv)
+	decrypted := make([]byte, len(ciphertext))
+	stream.XORKeyStream(decrypted, ciphertext)
+
+	decrypted = pkcs7UnPadding(decrypted)
+
+	return decrypted
+}
+
+// GenerateRsaKey create rsa private and public pemo file.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/zutRHrDqs0X
+func GenerateRsaKey(keySize int, priKeyFile, pubKeyFile string) error {
+	// private key
+	privateKey, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, keySize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	derText := x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(privateKey)
+
+	block := pem.Block{
+		Type:  "rsa private key",
+		Bytes: derText,
+	}
+
+	file, err := os.Create(priKeyFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	err = pem.Encode(file, &block)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	file.Close()
+
+	// public key
+	publicKey := privateKey.PublicKey
+
+	derpText, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(&publicKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	block = pem.Block{
+		Type:  "rsa public key",
+		Bytes: derpText,
+	}
+
+	file, err = os.Create(pubKeyFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = pem.Encode(file, &block)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	file.Close()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RsaEncrypt encrypt data with ras algorithm.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/7_zo6mrx-eX
+func RsaEncrypt(data []byte, pubKeyFileName string) []byte {
+	file, err := os.Open(pubKeyFileName)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	fileInfo, err := file.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+	buf := make([]byte, fileInfo.Size())
+
+	_, err = file.Read(buf)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	block, _ := pem.Decode(buf)
+
+	pubInterface, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(block.Bytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	pubKey := pubInterface.(*rsa.PublicKey)
+
+	cipherText, err := rsa.EncryptPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, pubKey, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	return cipherText
+}
+
+// RsaDecrypt decrypt data with ras algorithm.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/7_zo6mrx-eX
+func RsaDecrypt(data []byte, privateKeyFileName string) []byte {
+	file, err := os.Open(privateKeyFileName)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	fileInfo, err := file.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	buf := make([]byte, fileInfo.Size())
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	_, err = file.Read(buf)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	block, _ := pem.Decode(buf)
+
+	priKey, err := x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(block.Bytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	plainText, err := rsa.DecryptPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, priKey, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	return plainText
+}
+
+// GenerateRsaKeyPair create rsa private and public key.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/sSVmkfENKMz
+func GenerateRsaKeyPair(keySize int) (*rsa.PrivateKey, *rsa.PublicKey) {
+	privateKey, _ := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, keySize)
+	return privateKey, &privateKey.PublicKey
+}
+
+// RsaEncryptOAEP encrypts the given data with RSA-OAEP.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/sSVmkfENKMz
+func RsaEncryptOAEP(data []byte, label []byte, key rsa.PublicKey) ([]byte, error) {
+	encryptedBytes, err := rsa.EncryptOAEP(sha256.New(), rand.Reader, &key, data, label)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return encryptedBytes, nil
+}
+
+// RsaDecryptOAEP decrypts the data with RSA-OAEP.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/sSVmkfENKMz
+func RsaDecryptOAEP(ciphertext []byte, label []byte, key rsa.PrivateKey) ([]byte, error) {
+	decryptedBytes, err := rsa.DecryptOAEP(sha256.New(), rand.Reader, &key, ciphertext, label)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return decryptedBytes, nil
+}
+
+// RsaSign signs the data with RSA.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/qhsbf8BJ6Mf
+func RsaSign(hash crypto.Hash, data []byte, privateKeyFileName string) ([]byte, error) {
+	privateKey, err := loadRasPrivateKey(privateKeyFileName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	hashed, err := hashData(hash, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return rsa.SignPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, privateKey, hash, hashed)
+}
+
+// RsaVerifySign verifies the signature of the data with RSA.
+// Play: https://go.dev/play/p/qhsbf8BJ6Mf
+func RsaVerifySign(hash crypto.Hash, data, signature []byte, pubKeyFileName string) error {
+	publicKey, err := loadRsaPublicKey(pubKeyFileName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	hashed, err := hashData(hash, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return rsa.VerifyPKCS1v15(publicKey, hash, hashed, signature)
+}

cryptor/crypto_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,585 @@
+package cryptor
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+func ExampleAesEcbEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesEcbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesEcbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesEcbDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesEcbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesEcbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesCbcEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesCbcEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesCbcDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesCbcDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesCbcEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesCbcDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesCtrCrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesCtrCrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	decrypted := AesCtrCrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesCfbEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesCfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesCfbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesCfbDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesCfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesCfbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesOfbEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesOfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesOfbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesOfbDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesOfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesOfbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesGcmEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesGcmEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesGcmDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleAesGcmDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesGcmEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := AesGcmDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesEcbEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesEcbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := DesEcbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesEcbDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesEcbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := DesEcbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesCbcEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesCbcEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := DesCbcDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesCbcDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesCbcEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := DesCbcDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesCtrCrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesCtrCrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	decrypted := DesCtrCrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesCfbEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesCfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := DesCfbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesCfbDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesCfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := DesCfbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesOfbEncrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesOfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := DesOfbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleDesOfbDecrypt() {
+	data := "hello"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	encrypted := DesOfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+
+	decrypted := DesOfbDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleGenerateRsaKey() {
+	// Create ras private and public pem file
+	err := GenerateRsaKey(4096, "rsa_private_example.pem", "rsa_public_example.pem")
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("foo")
+
+	// Output:
+	// foo
+}
+
+func ExampleRsaEncrypt() {
+	// Create ras private and public pem file
+	err := GenerateRsaKey(4096, "rsa_private_example.pem", "rsa_public_example.pem")
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	data := []byte("hello")
+	encrypted := RsaEncrypt(data, "rsa_public_example.pem")
+	decrypted := RsaDecrypt(encrypted, "rsa_private_example.pem")
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleRsaDecrypt() {
+	// Create ras private and public pem file
+	err := GenerateRsaKey(4096, "rsa_private_example.pem", "rsa_public_example.pem")
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	data := []byte("hello")
+	encrypted := RsaEncrypt(data, "rsa_public_example.pem")
+	decrypted := RsaDecrypt(encrypted, "rsa_private_example.pem")
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleBase64StdEncode() {
+	base64Str := Base64StdEncode("hello")
+
+	fmt.Println(base64Str)
+
+	// Output:
+	// aGVsbG8=
+}
+
+func ExampleBase64StdDecode() {
+	str := Base64StdDecode("aGVsbG8=")
+
+	fmt.Println(str)
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello
+}
+
+func ExampleHmacMd5() {
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+
+	hms := HmacMd5(str, key)
+	fmt.Println(hms)
+
+	// Output:
+	// e834306eab892d872525d4918a7a639a
+}
+
+func ExampleHmacMd5WithBase64() {
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+
+	hms := HmacMd5WithBase64(str, key)
+	fmt.Println(hms)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 6DQwbquJLYclJdSRinpjmg==
+}
+
+func ExampleHmacSha1() {
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+
+	hms := HmacSha1(str, key)
+	fmt.Println(hms)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 5c6a9db0cccb92e36ed0323fd09b7f936de9ace0
+}
+
+func ExampleHmacSha1WithBase64() {
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+
+	hms := HmacSha1WithBase64(str, key)
+	fmt.Println(hms)
+
+	// Output:
+	// XGqdsMzLkuNu0DI/0Jt/k23prOA=
+}
+
+func ExampleHmacSha256() {
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+
+	hms := HmacSha256(str, key)
+	fmt.Println(hms)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 315bb93c4e989862ba09cb62e05d73a5f376cb36f0d786edab0c320d059fde75
+}
+
+func ExampleHmacSha256WithBase64() {
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+
+	hms := HmacSha256WithBase64(str, key)
+	fmt.Println(hms)
+
+	// Output:
+	// MVu5PE6YmGK6Ccti4F1zpfN2yzbw14btqwwyDQWf3nU=
+}
+
+func ExampleHmacSha512() {
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+
+	hms := HmacSha512(str, key)
+	fmt.Println(hms)
+
+	// Output:
+	// dd8f1290a9dd23d354e2526d9a2e9ce8cffffdd37cb320800d1c6c13d2efc363288376a196c5458daf53f8e1aa6b45a6d856303d5c0a2064bff9785861d48cfc
+}
+
+func ExampleHmacSha512WithBase64() {
+	str := "hello"
+	key := "12345"
+
+	hms := HmacSha512WithBase64(str, key)
+	fmt.Println(hms)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 3Y8SkKndI9NU4lJtmi6c6M///dN8syCADRxsE9Lvw2Mog3ahlsVFja9T+OGqa0Wm2FYwPVwKIGS/+XhYYdSM/A==
+}
+
+func ExampleMd5String() {
+	md5Str := Md5String("hello")
+	fmt.Println(md5Str)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592
+}
+
+func ExampleMd5StringWithBase64() {
+	md5Str := Md5StringWithBase64("hello")
+	fmt.Println(md5Str)
+
+	// Output:
+	// XUFAKrxLKna5cZ2REBfFkg==
+}
+
+func ExampleMd5Byte() {
+	md5Str := Md5Byte([]byte{'a'})
+	fmt.Println(md5Str)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661
+}
+
+func ExampleMd5ByteWithBase64() {
+	md5Str := Md5ByteWithBase64([]byte("hello"))
+	fmt.Println(md5Str)
+
+	// Output:
+	// XUFAKrxLKna5cZ2REBfFkg==
+}
+
+func ExampleSha1() {
+	result := Sha1("hello")
+	fmt.Println(result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// aaf4c61ddcc5e8a2dabede0f3b482cd9aea9434d
+}
+
+func ExampleSha1WithBase64() {
+	result := Sha1WithBase64("hello")
+	fmt.Println(result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// qvTGHdzF6KLavt4PO0gs2a6pQ00=
+}
+
+func ExampleSha256() {
+	result := Sha256("hello")
+	fmt.Println(result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 2cf24dba5fb0a30e26e83b2ac5b9e29e1b161e5c1fa7425e73043362938b9824
+}
+
+func ExampleSha256WithBase64() {
+	result := Sha256WithBase64("hello")
+	fmt.Println(result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// LPJNul+wow4m6DsqxbninhsWHlwfp0JecwQzYpOLmCQ=
+}
+
+func ExampleSha512() {
+	result := Sha512("hello")
+	fmt.Println(result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 9b71d224bd62f3785d96d46ad3ea3d73319bfbc2890caadae2dff72519673ca72323c3d99ba5c11d7c7acc6e14b8c5da0c4663475c2e5c3adef46f73bcdec043
+}
+
+func ExampleSha512WithBase64() {
+	result := Sha512WithBase64("hello")
+	fmt.Println(result)
+
+	// Output:
+	// m3HSJL1i83hdltRq0+o9czGb+8KJDKra4t/3JRlnPKcjI8PZm6XBHXx6zG4UuMXaDEZjR1wuXDre9G9zvN7AQw==
+}
+
+func ExampleRsaEncryptOAEP() {
+	pri, pub := GenerateRsaKeyPair(1024)
+
+	data := []byte("hello world")
+	label := []byte("123456")
+
+	encrypted, err := RsaEncryptOAEP(data, label, *pub)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	decrypted, err := RsaDecryptOAEP([]byte(encrypted), label, *pri)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println(string(decrypted))
+
+	// Output:
+	// hello world
+}
+
+func ExampleRsaSign() {
+	data := []byte("This is a test data for RSA signing")
+	hash := crypto.SHA256
+
+	privateKey := "./rsa_private_example.pem"
+	publicKey := "./rsa_public_example.pem"
+
+	signature, err := RsaSign(hash, data, privateKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	err = RsaVerifySign(hash, data, signature, publicKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("ok")
+
+	// Output:
+	// ok
+}
+
+func ExampleRsaVerifySign() {
+	data := []byte("This is a test data for RSA signing")
+	hash := crypto.SHA256
+
+	privateKey := "./rsa_private_example.pem"
+	publicKey := "./rsa_public_example.pem"
+
+	signature, err := RsaSign(hash, data, privateKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	err = RsaVerifySign(hash, data, signature, publicKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("ok")
+
+	// Output:
+	// ok
+}

cryptor/crypto_internal.go

@@ -1,12 +1,23 @@
 package cryptor
 
-import "bytes"
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"crypto/sha512"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+)
 
-func generateAesKey(key []byte) []byte {
-	genKey := make([]byte, 16)
+func generateAesKey(key []byte, size int) []byte {
+	genKey := make([]byte, size)
 	copy(genKey, key)
-	for i := 16; i < len(key); {
-		for j := 0; j < 16 && i < len(key); j, i = j+1, i+1 {
+	for i := size; i < len(key); {
+		for j := 0; j < size && i < len(key); j, i = j+1, i+1 {
 			genKey[j] ^= key[i]
 		}
 	}
@@ -35,3 +46,139 @@ func pkcs7UnPadding(src []byte) []byte {
 	unPadding := int(src[length-1])
 	return src[:(length - unPadding)]
 }
+
+func pkcs5Padding(data []byte, blockSize int) []byte {
+	padding := blockSize - len(data)%blockSize
+	padText := bytes.Repeat([]byte{byte(padding)}, padding)
+	return append(data, padText...)
+}
+
+func pkcs5UnPadding(data []byte) []byte {
+	length := len(data)
+	if length == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	padLen := int(data[length-1])
+	if padLen == 0 || padLen > length {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return data[:length-padLen]
+}
+
+func isAesKeyLengthValid(n int) bool {
+	return n == 16 || n == 24 || n == 32
+}
+
+// loadRsaPrivateKey loads and parses a PEM encoded private key file.
+func loadRsaPublicKey(filename string) (*rsa.PublicKey, error) {
+	pubKeyData, err := os.ReadFile(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	block, _ := pem.Decode(pubKeyData)
+	if block == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to decode PEM block containing the public key")
+	}
+
+	var pubKey *rsa.PublicKey
+	blockType := strings.ToUpper(block.Type)
+
+	if blockType == "RSA PUBLIC KEY" {
+		pubKey, err = x509.ParsePKCS1PublicKey(block.Bytes)
+		if err != nil {
+			key, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(block.Bytes)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			var ok bool
+			pubKey, ok = key.(*rsa.PublicKey)
+			if !ok {
+				return nil, errors.New("failed to parse RSA private key")
+			}
+		}
+	} else if blockType == "PUBLIC KEY" {
+		key, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(block.Bytes)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		var ok bool
+		pubKey, ok = key.(*rsa.PublicKey)
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, errors.New("failed to parse RSA private key")
+		}
+
+	} else {
+		return nil, errors.New("unsupported key type")
+	}
+
+	return pubKey, nil
+}
+
+// loadRsaPrivateKey loads and parses a PEM encoded private key file.
+func loadRasPrivateKey(filename string) (*rsa.PrivateKey, error) {
+	priKeyData, err := os.ReadFile(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	block, _ := pem.Decode(priKeyData)
+	if block == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to decode PEM block containing the private key")
+	}
+
+	var privateKey *rsa.PrivateKey
+	blockType := strings.ToUpper(block.Type)
+
+	// PKCS#1 format
+	if blockType == "RSA PRIVATE KEY" {
+		privateKey, err = x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(block.Bytes)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else if blockType == "PRIVATE KEY" { // PKCS#8 format
+		priKey, err := x509.ParsePKCS8PrivateKey(block.Bytes)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		var ok bool
+		privateKey, ok = priKey.(*rsa.PrivateKey)
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, errors.New("failed to parse RSA private key")
+		}
+	} else {
+		return nil, errors.New("unsupported key type")
+	}
+
+	return privateKey, nil
+}
+
+// hashData returns the hash value of the data, using the specified hash function
+func hashData(hash crypto.Hash, data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	if !hash.Available() {
+		return nil, errors.New("unsupported hash algorithm")
+	}
+
+	var hashed []byte
+
+	switch hash {
+	case crypto.SHA224:
+		h := sha256.Sum224(data)
+		hashed = h[:]
+	case crypto.SHA256:
+		h := sha256.Sum256(data)
+		hashed = h[:]
+	case crypto.SHA384:
+		h := sha512.Sum384(data)
+		hashed = h[:]
+	case crypto.SHA512:
+		h := sha512.Sum512(data)
+		hashed = h[:]
+	default:
+		return nil, errors.New("unsupported hash algorithm")
+	}
+
+	return hashed, nil
+}

cryptor/crypto_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+package cryptor
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestAesEcbCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	aesEcbEncrypt := AesEcbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	aesEcbDecrypt := AesEcbDecrypt(aesEcbEncrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesEcbCrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(aesEcbDecrypt))
+}
+
+func TestAesCbcCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	aesCbcEncrypt := AesCbcEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	aesCbcDecrypt := AesCbcDecrypt(aesCbcEncrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesCbcCrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(aesCbcDecrypt))
+}
+
+func TestAesCtrCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	aesCtrCrypt := AesCtrEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	aesCtrDeCrypt := AesCtrDecrypt(aesCtrCrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesCtrCrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(aesCtrDeCrypt))
+}
+
+func TestAesCfbCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	aesCfbEncrypt := AesCfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	aesCfbDecrypt := AesCfbDecrypt(aesCfbEncrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesCfbCrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(aesCfbDecrypt))
+}
+
+func TestAesOfbCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	aesOfbEncrypt := AesOfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	aesOfbDecrypt := AesOfbDecrypt(aesOfbEncrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesOfbEncrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(aesOfbDecrypt))
+}
+
+func TestDesEcbCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	desEcbEncrypt := DesEcbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	desEcbDecrypt := DesEcbDecrypt(desEcbEncrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesEcbEncrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(desEcbDecrypt))
+}
+
+func TestDesCbcCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	desCbcEncrypt := DesCbcEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	desCbcDecrypt := DesCbcDecrypt(desCbcEncrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesCbcEncrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(desCbcDecrypt))
+}
+
+func TestDesCtrCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	desCtrCrypt := DesCtrEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	desCtrDeCrypt := DesCtrDecrypt(desCtrCrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesCtrCrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(desCtrDeCrypt))
+}
+
+func TestDesCfbCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	desCfbEncrypt := DesCfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	desCfbDecrypt := DesCfbDecrypt(desCfbEncrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesCfbEncrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(desCfbDecrypt))
+}
+
+func TestDesOfbCrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefgh"
+
+	desOfbEncrypt := DesOfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	desOfbDecrypt := DesOfbDecrypt(desOfbEncrypt, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesOfbEncrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(desOfbDecrypt))
+}
+
+func TestRsaEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	err := GenerateRsaKey(4096, "./rsa_private_example.pem", "./rsa_public_example.pem")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	data := []byte("hello world")
+	encrypted := RsaEncrypt(data, "./rsa_public_example.pem")
+	decrypted := RsaDecrypt(encrypted, "./rsa_private_example.pem")
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestRsaEncrypt")
+	assert.Equal(string(data), string(decrypted))
+}
+
+func TestRsaEncryptOAEP(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestRsaEncrypt")
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	pri, pub := GenerateRsaKeyPair(1024)
+
+	data := []byte("hello world")
+	label := []byte("123456")
+
+	encrypted, err := RsaEncryptOAEP(data, label, *pub)
+	assert.IsNil(err)
+
+	decrypted, err := RsaDecryptOAEP([]byte(encrypted), label, *pri)
+
+	assert.IsNil(err)
+	assert.Equal("hello world", string(decrypted))
+}
+
+func TestAesGcmEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := "hello world"
+	key := "abcdefghijklmnop"
+
+	encrypted := AesGcmEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
+	decrypted := AesGcmDecrypt(encrypted, []byte(key))
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAesGcmEncrypt")
+	assert.Equal(data, string(decrypted))
+}
+
+func TestRsaSignAndVerify(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	data := []byte("This is a test data for RSA signing")
+	hash := crypto.SHA256
+
+	t.Run("RSA Sign and Verify", func(t *testing.T) {
+		privateKey := "./rsa_private_example.pem"
+		publicKey := "./rsa_public_example.pem"
+
+		signature, err := RsaSign(hash, data, privateKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("RsaSign failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		err = RsaVerifySign(hash, data, signature, publicKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("RsaVerifySign failed: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("RSA Sign and Verify Invalid Signature", func(t *testing.T) {
+		publicKey := "./rsa_public_example.pem"
+
+		invalidSig := []byte("InvalidSignature")
+
+		err := RsaVerifySign(hash, data, invalidSig, publicKey)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("RsaVerifySign failed: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("RSA Sign and Verify With Different Hash", func(t *testing.T) {
+		publicKey := "./rsa_public_example.pem"
+		privateKey := "./rsa_private_example.pem"
+		hashSign := crypto.SHA256
+		hashVerify := crypto.SHA512
+
+		signature, err := RsaSign(hashSign, data, privateKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("RsaSign failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		err = RsaVerifySign(hashVerify, data, signature, publicKey)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("RsaVerifySign failed: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+}

cryptor/des.go

@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
-// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
-
-// Package cryptor implements some util functions to encrypt and decrypt.
-package cryptor
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"crypto/cipher"
-	"crypto/des"
-	"crypto/rand"
-	"io"
-)
-
-// DesEcbEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES ECB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 8
-func DesEcbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	cipher, _ := des.NewCipher(generateDesKey(key))
-	length := (len(data) + des.BlockSize) / des.BlockSize
-	plain := make([]byte, length*des.BlockSize)
-	copy(plain, data)
-
-	pad := byte(len(plain) - len(data))
-	for i := len(data); i < len(plain); i++ {
-		plain[i] = pad
-	}
-
-	encrypted := make([]byte, len(plain))
-	for bs, be := 0, cipher.BlockSize(); bs <= len(data); bs, be = bs+cipher.BlockSize(), be+cipher.BlockSize() {
-		cipher.Encrypt(encrypted[bs:be], plain[bs:be])
-	}
-
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// DesEcbDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES ECB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 8
-func DesEcbDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
-	cipher, _ := des.NewCipher(generateDesKey(key))
-	decrypted := make([]byte, len(encrypted))
-
-	for bs, be := 0, cipher.BlockSize(); bs < len(encrypted); bs, be = bs+cipher.BlockSize(), be+cipher.BlockSize() {
-		cipher.Decrypt(decrypted[bs:be], encrypted[bs:be])
-	}
-
-	trim := 0
-	if len(decrypted) > 0 {
-		trim = len(decrypted) - int(decrypted[len(decrypted)-1])
-	}
-
-	return decrypted[:trim]
-}
-
-// DesCbcEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES CBC algorithm
-// len(key) should be 8
-func DesCbcEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, _ := des.NewCipher(key)
-	blockSize := block.BlockSize()
-	data = pkcs7Padding(data, blockSize)
-	blockMode := cipher.NewCBCEncrypter(block, key[:blockSize])
-
-	encrypted := make([]byte, len(data))
-	blockMode.CryptBlocks(encrypted, data)
-
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// DesCbcDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES CBC algorithm
-// len(key) should be 8
-func DesCbcDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, _ := des.NewCipher(key)
-	blockSize := block.BlockSize()
-	blockMode := cipher.NewCBCDecrypter(block, key[:blockSize])
-
-	decrypted := make([]byte, len(encrypted))
-	blockMode.CryptBlocks(decrypted, encrypted)
-	decrypted = pkcs7UnPadding(decrypted)
-
-	return decrypted
-}
-
-// DesCtrCrypt encrypt data with key use DES CTR algorithm
-// len(key) should be 8
-func DesCtrCrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, _ := des.NewCipher(key)
-
-	iv := bytes.Repeat([]byte("1"), block.BlockSize())
-	stream := cipher.NewCTR(block, iv)
-
-	dst := make([]byte, len(data))
-	stream.XORKeyStream(dst, data)
-
-	return dst
-}
-
-// DesCfbEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES CFB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 8
-func DesCfbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	encrypted := make([]byte, des.BlockSize+len(data))
-	iv := encrypted[:des.BlockSize]
-	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	stream := cipher.NewCFBEncrypter(block, iv)
-	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted[des.BlockSize:], data)
-
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// DesCfbDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES CFB algorithm
-// len(encrypted) should be great than 16, len(key) should be 8
-func DesCfbDecrypt(encrypted, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, _ := des.NewCipher(key)
-	if len(encrypted) < des.BlockSize {
-		panic("encrypted data is too short")
-	}
-	iv := encrypted[:des.BlockSize]
-	encrypted = encrypted[des.BlockSize:]
-
-	stream := cipher.NewCFBDecrypter(block, iv)
-	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted, encrypted)
-
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// DesOfbEncrypt encrypt data with key use DES OFB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 16, 24 or 32
-func DesOfbEncrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	data = pkcs7Padding(data, des.BlockSize)
-	encrypted := make([]byte, des.BlockSize+len(data))
-	iv := encrypted[:des.BlockSize]
-	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, iv); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	stream := cipher.NewOFB(block, iv)
-	stream.XORKeyStream(encrypted[des.BlockSize:], data)
-
-	return encrypted
-}
-
-// DesOfbDecrypt decrypt data with key use DES OFB algorithm
-// len(key) should be 8
-func DesOfbDecrypt(data, key []byte) []byte {
-	block, err := des.NewCipher(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	iv := data[:des.BlockSize]
-	data = data[des.BlockSize:]
-	if len(data)%des.BlockSize != 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	decrypted := make([]byte, len(data))
-	mode := cipher.NewOFB(block, iv)
-	mode.XORKeyStream(decrypted, data)
-
-	decrypted = pkcs7UnPadding(decrypted)
-
-	return decrypted
-}

cryptor/des_test.go

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-package cryptor
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/internal"
-)
-
-func TestDesEcbEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefgh"
-
-	desEcbEncrypt := DesEcbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	desEcbDecrypt := DesEcbDecrypt(desEcbEncrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesEcbEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(desEcbDecrypt))
-}
-
-func TestDesCbcEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefgh"
-
-	desCbcEncrypt := DesCbcEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	desCbcDecrypt := DesCbcDecrypt(desCbcEncrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesCbcEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(desCbcDecrypt))
-}
-
-func TestDesCtrCrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefgh"
-
-	desCtrCrypt := DesCtrCrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	desCtrDeCrypt := DesCtrCrypt(desCtrCrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesCtrCrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(desCtrDeCrypt))
-}
-
-func TestDesCfbEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefgh"
-
-	desCfbEncrypt := DesCfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	desCfbDecrypt := DesCfbDecrypt(desCfbEncrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesCfbEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(desCfbDecrypt))
-}
-
-func TestDesOfbEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	data := "hello world"
-	key := "abcdefgh"
-
-	desOfbEncrypt := DesOfbEncrypt([]byte(data), []byte(key))
-	desOfbDecrypt := DesOfbDecrypt(desOfbEncrypt, []byte(key))
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDesOfbEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(data, string(desOfbDecrypt))
-}

cryptor/rsa.go

@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
-// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
-
-// Package cryptor implements some util functions to encrypt and decrypt.
-package cryptor
-
-import (
-	"crypto/rand"
-	"crypto/rsa"
-	"crypto/x509"
-	"encoding/pem"
-	"os"
-)
-
-// GenerateRsaKey make  a rsa private key, and return key file name
-// Generated key file is `rsa_private.pem` and `rsa_public.pem` in current path
-func GenerateRsaKey(keySize int, priKeyFile, pubKeyFile string) error {
-	// private key
-	privateKey, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, keySize)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	derText := x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(privateKey)
-
-	block := pem.Block{
-		Type:  "rsa private key",
-		Bytes: derText,
-	}
-
-	//file,err := os.Create("rsa_private.pem")
-	file, err := os.Create(priKeyFile)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	pem.Encode(file, &block)
-	file.Close()
-
-	// public key
-	publicKey := privateKey.PublicKey
-
-	derpText, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(&publicKey)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	block = pem.Block{
-		Type:  "rsa public key",
-		Bytes: derpText,
-	}
-
-	//file,err = os.Create("rsa_public.pem")
-	file, err = os.Create(pubKeyFile)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	pem.Encode(file, &block)
-	file.Close()
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// RsaEncrypt encrypt data with ras algorithm
-func RsaEncrypt(data []byte, pubKeyFileName string) []byte {
-	file, err := os.Open(pubKeyFileName)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	fileInfo, err := file.Stat()
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	defer file.Close()
-	buf := make([]byte, fileInfo.Size())
-	file.Read(buf)
-
-	block, _ := pem.Decode(buf)
-
-	pubInterface, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(block.Bytes)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	pubKey := pubInterface.(*rsa.PublicKey)
-
-	cipherText, err := rsa.EncryptPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, pubKey, data)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	return cipherText
-}
-
-// RsaDecrypt decrypt data with ras algorithm
-func RsaDecrypt(data []byte, privateKeyFileName string) []byte {
-	file, err := os.Open(privateKeyFileName)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	fileInfo, err := file.Stat()
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	buf := make([]byte, fileInfo.Size())
-	defer file.Close()
-	file.Read(buf)
-
-	block, _ := pem.Decode(buf)
-
-	priKey, err := x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(block.Bytes)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	plainText, err := rsa.DecryptPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, priKey, data)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	return plainText
-}

cryptor/rsa_private.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+-----BEGIN rsa private key-----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+hgzRWh3BrkakLdq6Km2z+jDFEQhWeHsksozuKzln5USx9wovb9LDKKFSpKm4vzW+
+7YVLZnH4Z1m4wvWQJShvZur7kkM7aNfK+xcS81OBMtqKerjWhdHqfMRVvLvtG/ev
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+aRXyn+CVU3y2dhpGZBf+EUWP0u9TNSJ/RFO0ViAriL5J9kjF9hFvG36B9kRSiMrn
+mCp9NCdtRYOHjzkvbY5uRMqP8H4/nAXNMA+odPnOPDUOIcH2ztaFOtQgZxa9x/eS
+eGmnJ/V/rLvS04uVw5d7juJstEspnM4MxPHSFEDN7NG13bN+c1jTY1/85icIeRBi
+nP47M2kDQ6RrEdgYfPbdlx1wGdTUIeAm3duptTiwpwa5Q2Js22TMJYRTnbM=
+-----END rsa private key-----

cryptor/rsa_private_example.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+-----BEGIN rsa private key-----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-----END rsa private key-----

cryptor/rsa_public.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+-----BEGIN rsa public key-----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+-----END rsa public key-----

cryptor/rsa_public_example.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+-----BEGIN rsa public key-----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+-----END rsa public key-----

cryptor/rsa_test.go

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-package cryptor
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/internal"
-)
-
-func TestRsaEncrypt(t *testing.T) {
-	err := GenerateRsaKey(4096, "rsa_private.pem", "rsa_public.pem")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.FailNow()
-	}
-	data := []byte("hello world")
-	encrypted := RsaEncrypt(data, "rsa_public.pem")
-	decrypted := RsaDecrypt(encrypted, "rsa_private.pem")
-
-	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestRsaEncrypt")
-	assert.Equal(string(data), string(decrypted))
-}

datastructure/hashmap/hashmap.go

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package datastructure implements some data structure. hashmap structure.
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"hash/fnv"
+	"reflect"
+)
+
+var defaultMapCapacity uint64 = 1 << 10
+
+type mapNode struct {
+	key   any
+	value any
+	next  *mapNode
+}
+
+// HashMap implements a hash map
+type HashMap struct {
+	capacity uint64
+	size     uint64
+	table    []*mapNode
+}
+
+// NewHashMap return a HashMap instance
+func NewHashMap() *HashMap {
+	return &HashMap{
+		capacity: defaultMapCapacity,
+		table:    make([]*mapNode, defaultMapCapacity),
+	}
+}
+
+// NewHashMapWithCapacity return a HashMap instance with given size and capacity
+func NewHashMapWithCapacity(size, capacity uint64) *HashMap {
+	return &HashMap{
+		size:     size,
+		capacity: capacity,
+		table:    make([]*mapNode, capacity),
+	}
+}
+
+// Get return the value of given key in hashmap
+func (hm *HashMap) Get(key any) any {
+	hashValue := hm.hash(key)
+	node := hm.table[hashValue]
+	for node != nil {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(node.key, key) {
+			return node.value
+		}
+		node = node.next
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetOrDefault return the value of given key in hashmap, if not found return default value
+func (hm *HashMap) GetOrDefault(key any, defaultValue any) any {
+	value := hm.Get(key)
+	if value == nil {
+		return defaultValue
+	}
+	return value
+}
+
+// Put new key value in hashmap
+func (hm *HashMap) Put(key any, value any) {
+	hm.putValue(hm.hash(key), key, value)
+}
+
+func (hm *HashMap) putValue(hash uint64, key, value any) {
+	if hm.capacity == 0 {
+		hm.capacity = defaultMapCapacity
+		hm.table = make([]*mapNode, defaultMapCapacity)
+	}
+
+	node := hm.table[hash]
+	if node == nil {
+		hm.table[hash] = newMapNode(key, value)
+	} else if node.key == key {
+		hm.table[hash] = newMapNodeWithNext(key, value, node)
+	} else {
+		hm.resize()
+		hm.putValue(hash, value, value)
+	}
+	hm.size++
+}
+
+// Delete item by given key in hashmap
+func (hm *HashMap) Delete(key any) {
+	hash := hm.hash(key)
+	node := hm.table[hash]
+	if node == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	hm.table = append(hm.table[:hash], hm.table[hash+1:]...)
+	hm.size--
+}
+
+// Contains checks if given key is in hashmap or not
+func (hm *HashMap) Contains(key any) bool {
+	node := hm.table[hm.hash(key)]
+	for node != nil {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(node.key, key) {
+			return true
+		}
+		node = node.next
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// Iterate executes iteratee funcation for every key and value pair of hashmap (random order)
+func (hm *HashMap) Iterate(iteratee func(key, value any)) {
+	if hm.size > 0 {
+		for i := 0; i < len(hm.table); i++ {
+			item := hm.table[i]
+			if item != nil {
+				iteratee(item.key, item.value)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// FilterByValue returns a filtered HashMap.
+// If any value is not matching the perdicate function then it returns nil
+// otherwise it returns the HashMap with selected values.
+func (hm *HashMap) FilterByValue(perdicate func(value any) bool) *HashMap {
+	var filteredHM *HashMap
+	if hm.size > 0 {
+		for i := 0; i < len(hm.table); i++ {
+			item := hm.table[i]
+			if item != nil && perdicate(item.value) {
+				if filteredHM == nil {
+					filteredHM = NewHashMap()
+				}
+				filteredHM.Put(item.key, item.value)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return filteredHM
+}
+
+// Keys returns a slice of the hashmap's keys (random order)
+func (hm *HashMap) Keys() []any {
+	keys := make([]any, int(hm.size))
+	index := 0
+	if hm.size > 0 {
+		hm.Iterate(func(key, value any) {
+			keys[index] = key
+			index++
+		})
+	}
+
+	return keys
+}
+
+// Values returns a slice of the hashmap's keys (random order)
+func (hm *HashMap) Values() []any {
+	values := make([]any, int(hm.size))
+	index := 0
+	if hm.size > 0 {
+		hm.Iterate(func(key, value any) {
+			values[index] = value
+			index++
+		})
+	}
+
+	return values
+}
+
+func (hm *HashMap) resize() {
+	hm.capacity <<= 1
+
+	tempTable := hm.table
+
+	hm.table = make([]*mapNode, hm.capacity)
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(tempTable); i++ {
+		node := tempTable[i]
+		if node == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		hm.table[hm.hash(node.key)] = node
+	}
+}
+
+// Size returns current size of Hashmap
+func (hm *HashMap) Size() uint64 {
+	return hm.size
+}
+
+func (hm *HashMap) hash(key any) uint64 {
+	h := fnv.New64a()
+	_, _ = h.Write([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%v", key)))
+
+	hashValue := h.Sum64()
+
+	return (hm.capacity - 1) & (hashValue ^ (hashValue >> 16))
+}
+
+func newMapNode(key, value any) *mapNode {
+	return &mapNode{
+		key:   key,
+		value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+func newMapNodeWithNext(key, value any, next *mapNode) *mapNode {
+	return &mapNode{
+		key:   key,
+		value: value,
+		next:  next,
+	}
+}

datastructure/hashmap/hashmap_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestHashMap_PutAndGet(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHashMap_PutAndGet")
+
+	hm := NewHashMap()
+
+	hm.Put("abc", 3)
+	assert.Equal(3, hm.Get("abc"))
+	assert.IsNil(hm.Get("abcd"))
+
+	hm.Put("abc", 4)
+	assert.Equal(4, hm.Get("abc"))
+}
+
+func TestHashMap_Resize(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHashMap_Resize")
+
+	hm := NewHashMapWithCapacity(3, 3)
+
+	for i := 0; i < 20; i++ {
+		hm.Put(i, 10)
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(10, hm.Get(5))
+}
+
+func TestHashMap_Delete(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHashMap_Delete")
+
+	hm := NewHashMap()
+
+	hm.Put("abc", 3)
+	assert.Equal(3, hm.Get("abc"))
+
+	hm.Delete("abc")
+	assert.IsNil(hm.Get("abc"))
+}
+
+func TestHashMap_Contains(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHashMap_Contains")
+
+	hm := NewHashMap()
+	assert.Equal(false, hm.Contains("abc"))
+
+	hm.Put("abc", 3)
+	assert.Equal(true, hm.Contains("abc"))
+}
+
+func TestHashMap_KeysValues(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHashMap_KeysValues")
+
+	hm := NewHashMap()
+
+	hm.Put("a", 1)
+	hm.Put("b", 2)
+	hm.Put("c", 3)
+
+	keys := hm.Keys()
+	values := hm.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(3, len(values))
+	assert.Equal(3, len(keys))
+}
+
+func TestHashMap_Keys(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHashMap_Keys")
+
+	hm := NewHashMap()
+
+	hm.Put("a", 1)
+	hm.Put("b", 2)
+	hm.Put("c", 3)
+
+	keys := hm.Keys()
+
+	assert.Equal(3, len(keys))
+}
+
+func TestHashMap_GetOrDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHashMap_GetOrDefault")
+
+	hm := NewHashMap()
+
+	hm.Put("a", 1)
+	hm.Put("b", 2)
+	hm.Put("c", 3)
+
+	assert.Equal(1, hm.GetOrDefault("a", 5))
+	assert.Equal(5, hm.GetOrDefault("d", 5))
+}
+
+func TestHashMap_FilterByValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHashMap_FilterByValue")
+
+	hm := NewHashMap()
+
+	hm.Put("a", 1)
+	hm.Put("b", 2)
+	hm.Put("c", 3)
+	hm.Put("d", 4)
+	hm.Put("e", 5)
+	hm.Put("f", 6)
+
+	filteredHM := hm.FilterByValue(func(value any) bool {
+		return value.(int) == 1 || value.(int) == 3
+	})
+
+	assert.Equal(uint64(2), filteredHM.Size())
+}

datastructure/heap/maxheap.go

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package datastructure implements some data structure. MaxHeap is a binary max heap.
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/constraints"
+)
+
+// MaxHeap implements a binary max heap
+// type T should implements Compare function in constraints.Comparator interface.
+type MaxHeap[T any] struct {
+	data       []T
+	comparator constraints.Comparator
+}
+
+// NewMaxHeap returns a MaxHeap instance with the given comparator.
+func NewMaxHeap[T any](comparator constraints.Comparator) *MaxHeap[T] {
+	return &MaxHeap[T]{
+		data:       make([]T, 0),
+		comparator: comparator,
+	}
+}
+
+// BuildMaxHeap builds a MaxHeap instance with data and given comparator.
+func BuildMaxHeap[T any](data []T, comparator constraints.Comparator) *MaxHeap[T] {
+	heap := &MaxHeap[T]{
+		data:       make([]T, 0, len(data)),
+		comparator: comparator,
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range data {
+		heap.Push(v)
+	}
+
+	return heap
+}
+
+// Push value into the heap
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) Push(value T) {
+	h.data = append(h.data, value)
+	h.heapifyUp(len(h.data) - 1)
+}
+
+// heapifyUp heapify the data from bottom to top
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) heapifyUp(i int) {
+	for h.comparator.Compare(h.data[parentIndex(i)], h.data[i]) < 0 {
+		h.swap(parentIndex(i), i)
+		i = parentIndex(i)
+	}
+}
+
+// Pop return the largest value, and remove it from the heap
+// if heap is empty, return zero value and fasle
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) Pop() (T, bool) {
+	var val T
+	if h.Size() == 0 {
+		return val, false
+	}
+
+	val = h.data[0]
+	l := len(h.data) - 1
+
+	h.data[0] = h.data[l]
+	h.data = h.data[:l]
+	h.heapifyDown(0)
+
+	return val, true
+}
+
+// heapifyDown heapify the data from top to bottom
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) heapifyDown(i int) {
+	lastIndex := len(h.data) - 1
+	l, r := leftChildIndex(i), rightChildIndex(i)
+	childToCompare := 0
+
+	for l <= lastIndex {
+		if l == lastIndex {
+			childToCompare = l
+		} else if h.comparator.Compare(h.data[l], h.data[r]) > 0 {
+			childToCompare = l
+		} else {
+			childToCompare = r
+		}
+
+		if h.comparator.Compare(h.data[i], h.data[childToCompare]) < 0 {
+			h.swap(i, childToCompare)
+			i = childToCompare
+			l, r = leftChildIndex(i), rightChildIndex(i)
+		} else {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Peek returns the largest element from the heap without removing it.
+// if heap is empty, it returns zero value and false.
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) Peek() (T, bool) {
+	if h.Size() == 0 {
+		var val T
+		return val, false
+	}
+
+	return h.data[0], true
+}
+
+// Size return the number of elements in the heap
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) Size() int {
+	return len(h.data)
+}
+
+// Data return data of the heap
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) Data() []T {
+	return h.data
+}
+
+// PrintStructure print the structure of the heap
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) PrintStructure() {
+	level := 1
+	data := h.data
+	length := len(h.data)
+	index := 0
+
+	list := [][]string{}
+	temp := []string{}
+	for index < length {
+		start := powerTwo(level-1) - 1
+		end := start + powerTwo(level-1) - 1
+
+		temp = append(temp, fmt.Sprintf("%v", data[index]))
+		index++
+
+		if index > end || index >= length {
+			list = append(list, temp)
+			temp = []string{}
+
+			if index < length {
+				level++
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	lastNum := powerTwo(level - 1)
+	lastLen := lastNum + (lastNum - 1)
+
+	heapTree := make([][]string, level)
+	for i := 0; i < level; i++ {
+		heapTree[i] = make([]string, lastLen)
+		for j := 0; j < lastLen; j++ {
+			heapTree[i][j] = ""
+		}
+	}
+
+	for k := 0; k < len(list); k++ {
+		vals := list[k]
+		tempLevel := level - k
+		st := powerTwo(tempLevel-1) - 1
+		for _, v := range vals {
+			heapTree[k][st] = v
+			gap := powerTwo(tempLevel)
+			st = st + gap
+		}
+	}
+
+	for m := 0; m < level; m++ {
+		for n := 0; n < lastLen; n++ {
+			val := heapTree[m][n]
+			if val == "" {
+				fmt.Print(" ")
+			} else {
+				fmt.Print(val)
+			}
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+	}
+}
+
+// parentIndex get parent index of the given index
+func parentIndex(i int) int {
+	return (i - 1) / 2
+}
+
+// leftChildIndex get left child index of the given index
+func leftChildIndex(i int) int {
+	return 2*i + 1
+}
+
+// rightChildIndex get right child index of the given index
+func rightChildIndex(i int) int {
+	return 2*i + 2
+}
+
+// swap two elements in the heap
+func (h *MaxHeap[T]) swap(i, j int) {
+	h.data[i], h.data[j] = h.data[j], h.data[i]
+}
+
+func powerTwo(n int) int {
+	return 1 << n
+}

datastructure/heap/maxheap_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+type intComparator struct{}
+
+func (c *intComparator) Compare(v1, v2 any) int {
+	val1, _ := v1.(int)
+	val2, _ := v2.(int)
+
+	if val1 < val2 {
+		return -1
+	} else if val1 > val2 {
+		return 1
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func TestMaxHeap_BuildMaxHeap(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMaxHeap_BuildMaxHeap")
+
+	values := []int{6, 5, 2, 4, 7, 10, 12, 1, 3, 8, 9, 11}
+	heap := BuildMaxHeap(values, &intComparator{})
+
+	expected := []int{12, 9, 11, 4, 8, 10, 7, 1, 3, 5, 6, 2}
+	assert.Equal(expected, heap.data)
+
+	assert.Equal(12, heap.Size())
+}
+
+func TestMaxHeap_Push(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMaxHeap_Push")
+
+	heap := NewMaxHeap[int](&intComparator{})
+	values := []int{6, 5, 2, 4, 7, 10, 12, 1, 3, 8, 9, 11}
+
+	for _, v := range values {
+		heap.Push(v)
+	}
+
+	expected := []int{12, 9, 11, 4, 8, 10, 7, 1, 3, 5, 6, 2}
+	assert.Equal(expected, heap.data)
+
+	assert.Equal(12, heap.Size())
+
+	heap.PrintStructure()
+}
+
+func TestMaxHeap_Pop(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMaxHeap_Pop")
+
+	heap := NewMaxHeap[int](&intComparator{})
+
+	_, ok := heap.Pop()
+	assert.Equal(false, ok)
+
+	values := []int{6, 5, 2, 4, 7, 10, 12, 1, 3, 8, 9, 11}
+	for _, v := range values {
+		heap.Push(v)
+	}
+
+	val, ok := heap.Pop()
+	assert.Equal(12, val)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
+	assert.Equal(11, heap.Size())
+}
+
+func TestMaxHeap_Peek(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMaxHeap_Peek")
+
+	heap := NewMaxHeap[int](&intComparator{})
+
+	_, ok := heap.Peek()
+	assert.Equal(false, ok)
+
+	values := []int{6, 5, 2, 4, 7, 10, 12, 1, 3, 8, 9, 11}
+	for _, v := range values {
+		heap.Push(v)
+	}
+
+	val, ok := heap.Peek()
+	assert.Equal(12, val)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
+
+	assert.Equal(12, heap.Size())
+}

datastructure/link/doublylink.go

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package datastructure contains some data structure. Link structure contains SinglyLink and DoublyLink.
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/datastructure"
+)
+
+// DoublyLink is a linked list. Whose node has a generic Value, Pre pointer points to a previous node of the dl, Next pointer points to a next node of the dl.
+type DoublyLink[T any] struct {
+	Head   *datastructure.LinkNode[T]
+	length int
+}
+
+// NewDoublyLink return *DoublyLink instance
+func NewDoublyLink[T any]() *DoublyLink[T] {
+	return &DoublyLink[T]{Head: nil}
+}
+
+// InsertAtHead insert value into doubly linklist at head index
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) InsertAtHead(value T) {
+	newNode := datastructure.NewLinkNode(value)
+	size := dl.Size()
+
+	if size == 0 {
+		dl.Head = newNode
+		dl.length++
+		return
+	}
+
+	newNode.Next = dl.Head
+	newNode.Pre = nil
+
+	dl.Head.Pre = newNode
+	dl.Head = newNode
+
+	dl.length++
+}
+
+// InsertAtTail insert value into doubly linklist at tail index
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) InsertAtTail(value T) {
+	current := dl.Head
+	if current == nil {
+		dl.InsertAtHead(value)
+		return
+	}
+
+	for current.Next != nil {
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+
+	newNode := datastructure.NewLinkNode(value)
+	newNode.Next = nil
+	newNode.Pre = current
+	current.Next = newNode
+
+	dl.length++
+}
+
+// InsertAt insert value into doubly linklist at index
+// param `index` should between [0, length], if index do not meet the conditions, do nothing
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) InsertAt(index int, value T) {
+	size := dl.length
+	if index < 0 || index > size {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if index == 0 {
+		dl.InsertAtHead(value)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if index == size {
+		dl.InsertAtTail(value)
+		return
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	current := dl.Head
+
+	for current != nil {
+		if i == index-1 {
+			newNode := datastructure.NewLinkNode(value)
+			newNode.Next = current.Next
+			newNode.Pre = current
+
+			current.Next = newNode
+			dl.length++
+
+			return
+		}
+		i++
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+}
+
+// DeleteAtHead delete value in doubly linklist at head index
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) DeleteAtHead() {
+	if dl.Head == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	current := dl.Head
+	dl.Head = current.Next
+	dl.Head.Pre = nil
+	dl.length--
+}
+
+// DeleteAtTail delete value in doubly linklist at tail
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) DeleteAtTail() {
+	if dl.Head == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	current := dl.Head
+	if current.Next == nil {
+		dl.DeleteAtHead()
+	}
+
+	for current.Next.Next != nil {
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+
+	current.Next = nil
+	dl.length--
+}
+
+// DeleteAt delete value in doubly linklist at index
+// param `index` should be [0, len(DoublyLink)-1]
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) DeleteAt(index int) {
+	if dl.Head == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	current := dl.Head
+	if current.Next == nil || index == 0 {
+		dl.DeleteAtHead()
+	}
+
+	if index == dl.length-1 {
+		dl.DeleteAtTail()
+	}
+
+	if index < 0 || index > dl.length-1 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	for current != nil {
+		if i == index-1 {
+			current.Next = current.Next.Next
+			dl.length--
+			return
+		}
+		i++
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+}
+
+// Reverse the linked list
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) Reverse() {
+	current := dl.Head
+	var temp *datastructure.LinkNode[T]
+
+	for current != nil {
+		temp = current.Pre
+		current.Pre = current.Next
+		current.Next = temp
+		current = current.Pre
+	}
+
+	if temp != nil {
+		dl.Head = temp.Pre
+	}
+}
+
+// GetMiddleNode return node at middle index of linked list
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) GetMiddleNode() *datastructure.LinkNode[T] {
+	if dl.Head == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if dl.Head.Next == nil {
+		return dl.Head
+	}
+	fast := dl.Head
+	slow := dl.Head
+
+	for fast != nil {
+		fast = fast.Next
+
+		if fast != nil {
+			fast = fast.Next
+			slow = slow.Next
+		} else {
+			return slow
+		}
+	}
+	return slow
+}
+
+// Size return the count of doubly linked list
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) Size() int {
+	return dl.length
+}
+
+// Values return slice of all doubly linklist node value
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) Values() []T {
+	result := make([]T, 0, dl.length)
+	current := dl.Head
+	for current != nil {
+		result = append(result, current.Value)
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// Print all nodes info of a linked list
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) Print() {
+	current := dl.Head
+	info := "[ "
+	for current != nil {
+		info += fmt.Sprintf("%+v, ", current)
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+	info += " ]"
+	fmt.Println(info)
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks if dl is empty or not
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return dl.length == 0
+}
+
+// Clear all nodes in doubly linklist
+func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) Clear() {
+	dl.Head = nil
+	dl.length = 0
+}

datastructure/link/doublylink_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestDoublyLink_InsertAtFirst(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_InsertAtFirst")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtHead(1)
+	link.InsertAtHead(2)
+	link.InsertAtHead(3)
+	link.Print()
+
+	expected := []int{3, 2, 1}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestDoublyLink_InsertAtTail(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_InsertAtTail")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.Print()
+
+	expected := []int{1, 2, 3}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestDoublyLink_InsertAt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_InsertAt")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAt(1, 1) //do nothing
+	link.InsertAt(0, 1)
+	link.InsertAt(1, 2)
+	link.InsertAt(2, 4)
+	link.InsertAt(2, 3)
+
+	expected := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestDoublyLink_DeleteAtHead(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_DeleteAtHead")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	link.DeleteAtHead()
+
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	link.DeleteAtHead()
+
+	expected := []int{2, 3, 4}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestDoublyLink_DeleteAtTail(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_DeleteAtTail")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	link.DeleteAtTail()
+
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	link.DeleteAtTail()
+
+	expected := []int{1, 2, 3}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestDoublyLink_DeleteAt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_DeleteAt")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	link.DeleteAt(0)
+
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+	link.InsertAtTail(5)
+
+	link.DeleteAt(0)
+	assert.Equal([]int{2, 3, 4, 5}, link.Values())
+
+	link.DeleteAt(3)
+	assert.Equal([]int{2, 3, 4}, link.Values())
+
+	link.DeleteAt(1)
+	assert.Equal(2, link.Size())
+	assert.Equal([]int{2, 4}, link.Values())
+}
+
+func TestDoublyLink_Reverse(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_Reverse")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	link.Reverse()
+	link.Print()
+	assert.Equal([]int{4, 3, 2, 1}, link.Values())
+}
+
+func TestDoublyLink_GetMiddleNode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_GetMiddleNode")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	middle1 := link.GetMiddleNode()
+	assert.Equal(3, middle1.Value)
+
+	link.InsertAtTail(5)
+	link.InsertAtTail(6)
+	link.InsertAtTail(7)
+	middle2 := link.GetMiddleNode()
+	assert.Equal(4, middle2.Value)
+}
+
+func TestDoublyLink_Clear(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestDoublyLink_Clear")
+
+	link := NewDoublyLink[int]()
+	assert.Equal(true, link.IsEmpty())
+	assert.Equal(0, link.Size())
+
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	assert.Equal(false, link.IsEmpty())
+	assert.Equal(1, link.Size())
+
+	link.Clear()
+	assert.Equal(true, link.IsEmpty())
+	assert.Equal(0, link.Size())
+}

datastructure/link/singlylink.go

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package datastructure contains some data structure. Link structure contains SinglyLink and DoublyLink.
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/datastructure"
+)
+
+// SinglyLink is a linked list. Whose node has a Value generics and Next pointer points to a next node of the sl.
+type SinglyLink[T any] struct {
+	Head   *datastructure.LinkNode[T]
+	length int
+}
+
+// NewSinglyLink return *SinglyLink instance
+func NewSinglyLink[T any]() *SinglyLink[T] {
+	return &SinglyLink[T]{Head: nil}
+}
+
+// InsertAtHead insert value into singly linklist at head index
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) InsertAtHead(value T) {
+	newNode := datastructure.NewLinkNode(value)
+	newNode.Next = sl.Head
+	sl.Head = newNode
+	sl.length++
+}
+
+// InsertAtTail insert value into singly linklist at tail index
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) InsertAtTail(value T) {
+	current := sl.Head
+	if current == nil {
+		sl.InsertAtHead(value)
+		return
+	}
+
+	for current.Next != nil {
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+
+	newNode := datastructure.NewLinkNode(value)
+	newNode.Next = nil
+	current.Next = newNode
+
+	sl.length++
+}
+
+// InsertAt insert value into singly linklist at index
+// param `index` should between [0, len(SinglyLink)], if index do not meet the conditions, do nothing
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) InsertAt(index int, value T) {
+	size := sl.length
+	if index < 0 || index > size {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if index == 0 {
+		sl.InsertAtHead(value)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if index == size {
+		sl.InsertAtTail(value)
+		return
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	current := sl.Head
+
+	for current != nil {
+		if i == index-1 {
+			newNode := datastructure.NewLinkNode(value)
+			newNode.Next = current.Next
+			current.Next = newNode
+			sl.length++
+			return
+		}
+		i++
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+}
+
+// DeleteAtHead delete value in singly linklist at head index
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) DeleteAtHead() {
+	if sl.Head == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	current := sl.Head
+	sl.Head = current.Next
+	sl.length--
+}
+
+// DeleteAtTail delete value in singly linklist at tail
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) DeleteAtTail() {
+	if sl.Head == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	current := sl.Head
+	if current.Next == nil {
+		sl.DeleteAtHead()
+	}
+
+	for current.Next.Next != nil {
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+
+	current.Next = nil
+	sl.length--
+}
+
+// DeleteAt delete value in singly linklist at index
+// param `index` should be [0, len(SinglyLink)-1]
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) DeleteAt(index int) {
+	if sl.Head == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	current := sl.Head
+	if current.Next == nil || index == 0 {
+		sl.DeleteAtHead()
+	}
+
+	if index == sl.length-1 {
+		sl.DeleteAtTail()
+	}
+
+	if index < 0 || index > sl.length-1 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	for current != nil {
+		if i == index-1 {
+			current.Next = current.Next.Next
+			sl.length--
+			return
+		}
+		i++
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+}
+
+// DeleteValue delete value in singly linklist
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) DeleteValue(value T) {
+	if sl.Head == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	dummyHead := datastructure.NewLinkNode(value)
+	dummyHead.Next = sl.Head
+	current := dummyHead
+
+	for current.Next != nil {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(current.Next.Value, value) {
+			current.Next = current.Next.Next
+			sl.length--
+		} else {
+			current = current.Next
+		}
+	}
+
+	sl.Head = dummyHead.Next
+}
+
+// Reverse the linked list
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) Reverse() {
+	var pre, next *datastructure.LinkNode[T]
+
+	current := sl.Head
+
+	for current != nil {
+		next = current.Next
+		current.Next = pre
+		pre = current
+		current = next
+	}
+
+	sl.Head = pre
+}
+
+// GetMiddleNode return node at middle index of linked list
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) GetMiddleNode() *datastructure.LinkNode[T] {
+	if sl.Head == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if sl.Head.Next == nil {
+		return sl.Head
+	}
+	fast := sl.Head
+	slow := sl.Head
+
+	for fast != nil {
+		fast = fast.Next
+
+		if fast != nil {
+			fast = fast.Next
+			slow = slow.Next
+		} else {
+			return slow
+		}
+	}
+	return slow
+}
+
+// Size return the count of singly linked list
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) Size() int {
+	return sl.length
+}
+
+// Values return slice of all singly linklist node value
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) Values() []T {
+	result := make([]T, 0, sl.length)
+	current := sl.Head
+	for current != nil {
+		result = append(result, current.Value)
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks if sl is empty or not
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return sl.length == 0
+}
+
+// Clear all the node in singly linklist
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) Clear() {
+	sl.Head = nil
+	sl.length = 0
+}
+
+// Print all nodes info of a linked list
+func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) Print() {
+	current := sl.Head
+	info := "[ "
+	for current != nil {
+		info += fmt.Sprintf("%+v, ", current)
+		current = current.Next
+	}
+	info += " ]"
+	fmt.Println(info)
+}

datastructure/link/singlylink_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestSinglyLink_InsertAtFirst(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_InsertAtFirst")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtHead(1)
+	link.InsertAtHead(2)
+	link.InsertAtHead(3)
+
+	expected := []int{3, 2, 1}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_InsertAtTail(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_InsertAtTail")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+
+	expected := []int{1, 2, 3}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_InsertAt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_InsertAt")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+
+	link.InsertAt(1, 1) //do nothing
+
+	link.InsertAt(0, 1)
+	link.InsertAt(1, 2)
+	link.InsertAt(2, 4)
+	link.InsertAt(2, 3)
+
+	link.Print()
+
+	expected := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_DeleteAtHead(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_DeleteAtHead")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+
+	link.DeleteAtHead()
+
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	link.DeleteAtHead()
+
+	expected := []int{2, 3, 4}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_DeleteAtTail(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_DeleteAtTail")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	link.DeleteAtTail()
+
+	expected := []int{1, 2, 3}
+	values := link.Values()
+
+	assert.Equal(expected, values)
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_DeleteValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_DeleteValue")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	link.DeleteValue(2)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 3, 4}, link.Values())
+
+	link.DeleteValue(1)
+	assert.Equal([]int{3, 4}, link.Values())
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_DeleteAt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_DeleteAt")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+	link.InsertAtTail(5)
+
+	link.DeleteAt(0)
+	assert.Equal([]int{2, 3, 4, 5}, link.Values())
+
+	link.DeleteAt(3)
+	assert.Equal([]int{2, 3, 4}, link.Values())
+
+	link.DeleteAt(1)
+	assert.Equal(2, link.Size())
+	assert.Equal([]int{2, 4}, link.Values())
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_Reverse(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_Reverse")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	link.Reverse()
+	assert.Equal([]int{4, 3, 2, 1}, link.Values())
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_GetMiddleNode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_GetMiddleNode")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	link.InsertAtTail(2)
+	link.InsertAtTail(3)
+	link.InsertAtTail(4)
+
+	middle1 := link.GetMiddleNode()
+	assert.Equal(3, middle1.Value)
+
+	link.InsertAtTail(5)
+	link.InsertAtTail(6)
+	link.InsertAtTail(7)
+
+	middle2 := link.GetMiddleNode()
+	assert.Equal(4, middle2.Value)
+}
+
+func TestSinglyLink_Clear(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSinglyLink_Clear")
+
+	link := NewSinglyLink[int]()
+
+	assert.Equal(true, link.IsEmpty())
+	assert.Equal(0, link.Size())
+
+	link.InsertAtTail(1)
+	assert.Equal(false, link.IsEmpty())
+	assert.Equal(1, link.Size())
+
+	link.Clear()
+	assert.Equal(true, link.IsEmpty())
+	assert.Equal(0, link.Size())
+}

datastructure/list/copyonwritelist.go

@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"sort"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+type CopyOnWriteList[T any] struct {
+	data []T
+	lock sync.Locker
+}
+
+// NewCopyOnWriteList Creates an empty list.
+func NewCopyOnWriteList[T any](data []T) *CopyOnWriteList[T] {
+	return &CopyOnWriteList[T]{data: data, lock: &sync.RWMutex{}}
+}
+
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) getList() []T {
+	return c.data
+}
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) setList(data []T) {
+	c.data = data
+}
+
+// Size returns the number of elements in this list.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Size() int {
+	return len(c.getList())
+}
+
+// IsEmpty returns true if this list contains no elements.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return c.Size() == 0
+}
+
+// Contain returns true if this list contains the specified element.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Contain(e T) bool {
+	list := c.getList()
+	return indexOf(e, list, 0, c.Size()) >= 0
+}
+
+// ValueOf returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this list, or null if this list does not contain the element.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) ValueOf(index int) (*T, bool) {
+	list := c.getList()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(c.data) {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return get(list, index), true
+}
+
+// IndexOf returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) IndexOf(e T) int {
+	list := c.getList()
+	return indexOf(e, list, 0, c.Size())
+}
+
+// indexOf returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+// start the start position of the search (inclusive)
+// end the end position of the search (exclusive)
+func indexOf[T any](o T, e []T, start int, end int) int {
+	if start >= end {
+		return -1
+	}
+	for i := start; i < end; i++ {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(e[i], o) {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	return -1
+}
+
+// LastIndexOf returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) LastIndexOf(e T) int {
+	list := c.getList()
+	return lastIndexOf(e, list, 0, c.Size())
+}
+
+// lastIndexOf returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
+// start the start position of the search (inclusive)
+// end the end position of the search (exclusive)
+func lastIndexOf[T any](o T, e []T, start int, end int) int {
+	if start >= end {
+		return -1
+	}
+	for i := end - 1; i >= start; i-- {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(e[i], o) {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	return -1
+}
+
+// LastIndexOfFunc returns the index of the last occurrence of the value in this list satisfying the
+// functional predicate f(T) bool
+// if not found return -1.
+func (l *CopyOnWriteList[T]) LastIndexOfFunc(f func(T) bool) int {
+	index := -1
+	data := l.getList()
+	for i := len(data) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if f(data[i]) {
+			index = i
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return index
+}
+
+// IndexOfFunc returns the first index satisfying the functional predicate f(v) bool
+// if not found return -1.
+func (l *CopyOnWriteList[T]) IndexOfFunc(f func(T) bool) int {
+	index := -1
+	data := l.getList()
+	for i, v := range data {
+		if f(v) {
+			index = i
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return index
+}
+
+// get returns the element at the specified position in this list.
+func get[T any](o []T, index int) *T {
+	return &o[index]
+}
+
+// Get returns the element at the specified position in this list.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Get(index int) *T {
+	list := c.getList()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(list) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return get(list, index)
+}
+
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) set(index int, e T) (oldValue *T) {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+	list := c.getList()
+	oldValue = get(list, index)
+
+	if reflect.DeepEqual(oldValue, e) {
+		c.setList(list)
+	} else {
+		newList := make([]T, len(list))
+		copy(newList, list)
+		newList[index] = e
+		c.setList(newList)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// Set replaces the element at the specified position in this list with the specified element.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Set(index int, e T) (oldValue *T, ok bool) {
+	list := c.getList()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(list) {
+		return oldValue, false
+	}
+	return c.set(index, e), true
+}
+
+// Add appends the specified element to the end of this list.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Add(e T) bool {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+
+	list := c.getList()
+	newList := make([]T, len(list)+1)
+	copy(newList, list)
+	newList[len(list)] = e
+	c.setList(newList)
+	return true
+}
+
+// AddAll appends all the elements in the specified collection to the end of this list
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) AddAll(e []T) bool {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+
+	list := c.getList()
+	newList := make([]T, len(list)+len(e))
+	copy(newList, list)
+	copy(newList[len(list):], e)
+	c.setList(newList)
+	return true
+}
+
+// AddByIndex inserts the specified element at the specified position in this list.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) AddByIndex(index int, e T) bool {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+
+	list := c.getList()
+	length := len(list)
+	if index < 0 || index > length {
+		return false
+	}
+	var newList []T
+	var numMove = length - index
+	if numMove == 0 {
+		newList = make([]T, length+1)
+		copy(newList, list)
+	} else {
+		newList = make([]T, length+1)
+		copy(newList, list[:index])
+		copy(newList[index+1:], list[index:])
+	}
+	newList[index] = e
+	c.setList(newList)
+	return true
+}
+
+// delete removes the element at the specified position in this list.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) delete(index int) *T {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+
+	list := c.getList()
+	length := len(list)
+
+	oldValue := get(list, index)
+	numMove := length - index - 1
+	var newList []T
+	if numMove == 0 {
+		newList = make([]T, length-1)
+		copy(newList, list[:index])
+	} else {
+		newList = make([]T, length-1)
+		copy(newList, list[:index])
+		copy(newList[index:], list[index+1:])
+	}
+
+	c.setList(newList)
+	return oldValue
+}
+
+// DeleteAt removes the element at the specified position in this list.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) DeleteAt(index int) (*T, bool) {
+	list := c.getList()
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(list) {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return c.delete(index), true
+}
+
+// DeleteBy removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this list, if it is present.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) DeleteBy(o T) (*T, bool) {
+	list := c.getList()
+	index := indexOf(o, list, 0, len(list))
+	if index == -1 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return c.delete(index), true
+}
+
+// DeleteRange removes from this list all the elements whose index is between fromIndex, inclusive, and toIndex, exclusive.
+// left close and right open
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) DeleteRange(start int, end int) {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+
+	list := c.getList()
+	length := len(list)
+	if start < 0 || end > length || start > end {
+		return
+	}
+	var newList []T
+	numMove := length - end
+	if numMove == 0 {
+		newList = make([]T, length-(end-start))
+		copy(newList, list[:start])
+	} else {
+		newList = make([]T, length-(end-start))
+		copy(newList, list[:start])
+		copy(newList[start:], list[end:])
+	}
+	c.setList(newList)
+}
+
+// DeleteIf removes all the elements of this collection that satisfy the given predicate.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) DeleteIf(f func(T) bool) {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+
+	list := c.getList()
+	length := len(list)
+	var newList []T
+	for i := 0; i < length; i++ {
+		if !f(list[i]) {
+			newList = append(newList, list[i])
+		}
+	}
+	c.setList(newList)
+}
+
+// Equal returns true if the specified object is equal to this list.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Equal(other *[]T) bool {
+	if other == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if c.Size() != len(*other) {
+		return false
+	}
+	list := c.getList()
+	otherList := NewCopyOnWriteList(*other).getList()
+	for i := 0; i < len(list); i++ {
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(list[i], otherList[i]) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// Clear removes all the elements from this list.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Clear() {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+
+	list := c.getList()
+	list = make([]T, 0)
+	c.setList(list)
+}
+
+// Merge a tow list to one, change the list
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Merge(other []T) {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+
+	list := c.getList()
+	list = append(list, other...)
+	c.setList(list)
+}
+
+// ForEach performs the given action for each element of the Iterable until all elements have been processed
+// or the action throws an exception.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) ForEach(f func(T)) {
+	list := c.getList()
+	for i := 0; i < len(list); i++ {
+		f(list[i])
+	}
+
+}
+
+// Sort sorts this list according to the order induced by the specified Comparator.
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) Sort(compare func(o1 T, o2 T) bool) {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	list := c.getList()
+
+	sort.Slice(list, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return compare(list[i], list[j])
+	})
+
+	c.setList(list)
+}
+
+func (c *CopyOnWriteList[T]) SubList(start int, end int) (newList []T) {
+	lock := c.lock
+	lock.Lock()
+	list := c.getList()
+	length := len(list)
+	defer lock.Unlock()
+	if start < 0 || end > length || start > end {
+		return []T{}
+	}
+	newList = make([]T, end-start)
+	copy(newList, list[start:end])
+	c.setList(newList)
+	return
+}

datastructure/list/copyonwritelist_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/internal"
+)
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_ValueOf(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_IndexOf")
+	of, ok := list.ValueOf(3)
+	assert.Equal(4, *of)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
+
+	_, ok = list.ValueOf(6)
+	assert.Equal(false, ok)
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Contain(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_Contains")
+	assert.Equal(true, list.Contain(3))
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_IsEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_IsEmpty")
+	assert.Equal(true, list.IsEmpty())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Size(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_size")
+	assert.Equal(5, list.Size())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_GetList(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_GetList")
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Get(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_Get")
+	i := list.Get(2)
+	assert.Equal(3, *i)
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Set(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_Set")
+	list.Set(2, 6)
+	assert.Equal(6, list.getList()[2])
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	list.Set(0, 6)
+	assert.Equal(6, list.getList()[0])
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	list.Set(0, 1)
+	assert.Equal(1, list.getList()[0])
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Add(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_Add")
+	list.Add(6)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_AddAll(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_AddAll")
+	list.AddAll([]int{6, 7, 8})
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_AddByIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_AddByIndex")
+	list.AddByIndex(2, 6)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 6, 3, 4, 5}, list.getList())
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	list.AddByIndex(0, 6)
+	assert.Equal([]int{6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, list.getList())
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	list.AddByIndex(5, 6)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_DeleteAt2(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_RemoveByIndex")
+	list.DeleteAt(2)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 4, 5}, list.getList())
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	list.DeleteAt(4)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_RemoveByValue(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_RemoveByValue")
+	list.DeleteBy(3)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 4, 5}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_DeleteRange(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_RemoveRange")
+	list.DeleteRange(1, 3)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 4, 5}, list.getList())
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	list.DeleteRange(0, 5)
+	assert.Equal([]int{}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_LastIndexOf(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_LastIndexOf")
+	assert.Equal(5, list.LastIndexOf(3))
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_DeleteAt(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_DeleteAt")
+	list.DeleteAt(2)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 4, 5, 3}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_DeleteBy(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_DeleteBy")
+	list.DeleteBy(3)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 4, 5, 3}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_DeleteIf(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_DeleteIf")
+
+	list.DeleteIf(func(i int) bool {
+		return i%2 == 0
+	})
+
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 3, 5, 3}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Equal(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_Equal")
+
+	assert.Equal(true, list.Equal(&[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6}))
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_ForEach(t *testing.T) {
+	testList := make([]int, 0)
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_ForEach")
+
+	list.ForEach(func(i int) {
+		testList = append(testList, i)
+	})
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6}, testList)
+
+	list.ForEach(func(i int) {
+		list.Add(i)
+	})
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Clear(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_Clear")
+
+	list.Clear()
+	assert.Equal([]int{}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Merge(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_Merge")
+
+	list.Merge([]int{2, 4, 6, 8, 10})
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, list.getList())
+
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_Sort(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_Sort")
+
+	list.Sort(func(i, j int) bool {
+		return i < j
+	})
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, list.getList())
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_IndexOf(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10})
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_IndexOf")
+
+	assert.Equal(0, list.IndexOf(1))
+	assert.Equal(9, list.IndexOf(10))
+	assert.Equal(-1, list.IndexOf(11))
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteList_SubList(t *testing.T) {
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10})
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "CopyOnWriteList_SubList")
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10})
+	subList := list.SubList(1, 3)
+	assert.Equal([]int{3, 5}, subList)
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10})
+	subList = list.SubList(1, 1)
+	assert.Equal([]int{}, subList)
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10})
+	assert.Equal(10, list.Size())
+	subList = list.SubList(1, 10)
+	assert.Equal([]int{3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, subList)
+
+	list = NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10})
+	subList = list.SubList(11, 1)
+	assert.Equal([]int{}, subList)
+}
+
+func TestCopyOnWriteListIndexOfFunc(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestIndexOfFunc")
+
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3})
+	i := list.IndexOfFunc(func(a int) bool { return a == 1 })
+	assert.Equal(0, i)
+
+	i = list.IndexOfFunc(func(a int) bool { return a == 4 })
+	assert.Equal(-1, i)
+}
+
+func TestNewCopyOnWriteListLastIndexOfFunc(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLastIndexOfFunc")
+
+	list := NewCopyOnWriteList([]int{1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9})
+	i := list.LastIndexOfFunc(func(a int) bool { return a == 3 })
+	assert.Equal(5, i)
+
+	i = list.LastIndexOfFunc(func(a int) bool { return a == 10 })
+	assert.Equal(-1, i)
+
+	i = list.LastIndexOfFunc(func(a int) bool { return a == 4 })
+	assert.Equal(6, i)
+
+	i = list.LastIndexOfFunc(func(a int) bool { return a == 1 })
+	assert.Equal(0, i)
+}

datastructure/list/list.go

@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+// Copyright 2021 dudaodong@gmail.com. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by MIT license
+
+// Package datastructure contains some data structure. list is a linear table, implemented with slice.
+package datastructure
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/iterator"
+)
+
+// List is a linear table, implemented with slice.
+type List[T any] struct {
+	data []T
+}
+
+// NewList return a pointer of List.
+func NewList[T any](data []T) *List[T] {
+	return &List[T]{data: data}
+}
+
+// Data return list data.
+func (l *List[T]) Data() []T {
+	return l.data
+}
+
+// ValueOf return the value pointer at index of list data.
+func (l *List[T]) ValueOf(index int) (*T, bool) {
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(l.data) {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return &l.data[index], true
+}
+
+// IndexOf returns the index of value. if not found return -1.
+func (l *List[T]) IndexOf(value T) int {
+	index := -1
+	data := l.data
+	for i, v := range data {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(v, value) {
+			index = i
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return index
+}
+
+// LastIndexOf returns the index of the last occurrence of the value in this list.
+// if not found return -1.
+func (l *List[T]) LastIndexOf(value T) int {
+	index := -1
+	data := l.data
+	for i := len(data) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(data[i], value) {
+			index = i
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return index
+}
+
+// IndexOfFunc returns the first index satisfying f(v)
+// if not found return -1.
+func (l *List[T]) IndexOfFunc(f func(T) bool) int {
+	index := -1
+	data := l.data
+	for i, v := range data {
+		if f(v) {
+			index = i
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return index
+}
+
+// LastIndexOfFunc returns the index of the last occurrence of the value in this list satisfying f(data[i])
+// if not found return -1.
+func (l *List[T]) LastIndexOfFunc(f func(T) bool) int {
+	index := -1
+	data := l.data
+	for i := len(data) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if f(data[i]) {
+			index = i
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return index
+}
+
+// Contain checks if the value in the list or not.
+func (l *List[T]) Contain(value T) bool {
+	data := l.data
+	for _, v := range data {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(v, value) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// Push append value to the list data.
+func (l *List[T]) Push(value T) {
+	l.data = append(l.data, value)
+}
+
+// InsertAtFirst insert value into list at first index.
+func (l *List[T]) InsertAtFirst(value T) {
+	l.InsertAt(0, value)
+}
+
+// InsertAtLast insert value into list at last index.
+func (l *List[T]) InsertAtLast(value T) {
+	l.InsertAt(len(l.data), value)
+}
+
+// InsertAt insert value into list at index.
+func (l *List[T]) InsertAt(index int, value T) {
+	data := l.data
+	size := len(data)
+
+	if index < 0 || index > size {
+		return
+	}
+	l.data = append(data[:index], append([]T{value}, data[index:]...)...)
+}
+
+// PopFirst delete the first value of list and return it.
+func (l *List[T]) PopFirst() (*T, bool) {
+	if len(l.data) == 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}