mirror of
https://github.com/duke-git/lancet.git
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849 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
849 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
# Concurrency
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并发包包含一些支持并发编程的功能。例如：goroutine, channel 等。
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<div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
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## 源码:
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- [https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/concurrency/channel.go](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/concurrency/channel.go)
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- [https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/concurrency/keyed_locker.go](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/concurrency/keyed_locker.go)
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<div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
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## 用法:
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```go
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import (
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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```
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<div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
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## 目录
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### Channel
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- [NewChannel](#NewChannel)
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- [Bridge](#Bridge)
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- [FanIn](#FanIn)
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- [Generate](#Generate)
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- [Or](#Or)
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- [OrDone](#OrDone)
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- [Repeat](#Repeat)
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- [RepeatFn](#RepeatFn)
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- [Take](#Take)
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- [Tee](#Tee)
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### KeyedLocker
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- [NewKeyedLocker](#NewKeyedLocker)
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- [KeyedLocker_Do](#Do)
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- [NewRWKeyedLocker](#NewRWKeyedLocker)
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- [RWKeyedLocker_RLock](#RLock)
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- [RWKeyedLocker_Lock](#Lock)
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- [NewTryKeyedLocker](#NewTryKeyedLocker)
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- [TryKeyedLocker_TryLock](#TryLock)
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- [TryKeyedLocker_Unlock](#Unlock)
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<div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
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## 文档
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### Channel
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### <span id="NewChannel">NewChannel</span>
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<p>返回一个Channel指针实例</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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type Channel[T any] struct
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func NewChannel[T any]() *Channel[T]
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/7aB4KyMMp9A)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[int]()
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}
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```
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### <span id="Bridge">Bridge</span>
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<p>将多个channel链接到一个channel，直到取消上下文。</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) Bridge(ctx context.Context, chanStream <-chan <-chan T) <-chan T
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/qmWSy1NVF-Y)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
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defer cancel()
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[int]()
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genVals := func() <-chan <-chan int {
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out := make(chan (<-chan int))
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go func() {
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defer close(out)
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for i := 1; i <= 5; i++ {
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stream := make(chan int, 1)
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stream <- i
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close(stream)
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out <- stream
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}
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}()
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return out
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}
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for v := range c.Bridge(ctx, genVals()) {
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fmt.Println(v)
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}
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// Output:
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// 1
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// 2
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// 3
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// 4
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// 5
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}
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```
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### <span id="FanIn">FanIn</span>
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<p>将多个channel合并为一个channel，直到取消上下文。</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) FanIn(ctx context.Context, channels ...<-chan T) <-chan T
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/2VYFMexEvTm)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
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defer cancel()
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[int]()
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channels := make([]<-chan int, 2)
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for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
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channels[i] = c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, i), 2)
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}
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chs := c.FanIn(ctx, channels...)
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for v := range chs {
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fmt.Println(v) //1 1 0 0 or 0 0 1 1
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}
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}
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```
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### <span id="Generate">Generate</span>
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<p>根据传入的值，生成channel.</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) Generate(ctx context.Context, values ...T) <-chan T
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/7aB4KyMMp9A)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
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defer cancel()
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[int]()
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intStream := c.Generate(ctx, 1, 2, 3)
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fmt.Println(<-intStream)
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fmt.Println(<-intStream)
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fmt.Println(<-intStream)
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// Output:
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// 1
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// 2
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// 3
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}
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```
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### <span id="Repeat">Repeat</span>
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<p>返回一个channel，将参数`values`重复放入channel，直到取消上下文。</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) Repeat(ctx context.Context, values ...T) <-chan T
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/k5N_ALVmYjE)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
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defer cancel()
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[int]()
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intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1, 2), 4)
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for v := range intStream {
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fmt.Println(v)
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}
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// Output:
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// 1
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// 2
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// 1
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// 2
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}
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```
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### <span id="RepeatFn">RepeatFn</span>
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<p>返回一个channel，重复执行函数fn，并将结果放入返回的channel，直到取消上下文。</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) RepeatFn(ctx context.Context, fn func() T) <-chan T
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/4J1zAWttP85)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
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defer cancel()
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fn := func() string {
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return "hello"
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}
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[string]()
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intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.RepeatFn(ctx, fn), 3)
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for v := range intStream {
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fmt.Println(v)
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}
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// Output:
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// hello
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// hello
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// hello
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}
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```
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### <span id="Or">Or</span>
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<p>将一个或多个channel读取到一个channel中，当任何读取channel关闭时将结束读取。</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) Or(channels ...<-chan T) <-chan T
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/Wqz9rwioPww)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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sig := func(after time.Duration) <-chan any {
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c := make(chan any)
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go func() {
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defer close(c)
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time.Sleep(after)
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}()
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return c
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}
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start := time.Now()
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[any]()
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<-c.Or(
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sig(1*time.Second),
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sig(2*time.Second),
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sig(3*time.Second),
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)
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fmt.Println("done after %v", time.Since(start)) //1.003s
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}
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```
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### <span id="OrDone">OrDone</span>
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<p>将一个channel读入另一个channel，直到取消上下文。</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) OrDone(ctx context.Context, channel <-chan T) <-chan T
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/lm_GoS6aDjo)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
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defer cancel()
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[int]()
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intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1), 3)
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for v := range c.OrDone(ctx, intStream) {
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fmt.Println(v)
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}
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// Output:
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// 1
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// 1
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// 1
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}
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```
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### <span id="Take">Take</span>
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<p>返回一个channel，其值从另一个channel获取，直到取消上下文。</p>
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<b>函数签名:</b>
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) Take(ctx context.Context, valueStream <-chan T, number int) <-chan T
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/9Utt-1pDr2J)</span></b>
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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func main() {
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ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
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defer cancel()
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numbers := make(chan int, 5)
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numbers <- 1
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numbers <- 2
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numbers <- 3
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numbers <- 4
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numbers <- 5
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defer close(numbers)
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[int]()
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intStream := c.Take(ctx, numbers, 3)
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for v := range intStream {
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fmt.Println(v)
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}
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// Output:
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// 1
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// 2
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// 3
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}
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```
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### <span id="Tee">Tee</span>
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<p>将一个channel分成两个channel，直到取消上下文。</p>
|
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|
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<b>函数签名:</b>
|
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|
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```go
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func (c *Channel[T]) Tee(ctx context.Context, in <-chan T) (<-chan T, <-chan T)
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```
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/3TQPKnCirrP)</span></b>
|
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|
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"context"
|
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"fmt"
|
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"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
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)
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|
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func main() {
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ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
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defer cancel()
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c := concurrency.NewChannel[int]()
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intStream := c.Take(ctx, c.Repeat(ctx, 1), 2)
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ch1, ch2 := c.Tee(ctx, intStream)
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for v := range ch1 {
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fmt.Println(v)
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fmt.Println(<-ch2)
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}
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// Output:
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// 1
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// 1
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// 1
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// 1
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}
|
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```
|
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|
||
### KeyedLocker
|
||
|
||
### <span id="NewKeyedLocker">NewKeyedLocker</span>
|
||
|
||
<p>NewKeyedLocker创建一个新的KeyedLocker，并为锁的过期设置指定的 TTL。KeyedLocker 是一个简单的键值锁实现，允许非阻塞的锁获取。</p>
|
||
|
||
<b>函数签名:</b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
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func NewKeyedLocker[K comparable](ttl time.Duration) *KeyedLocker[K]
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```
|
||
|
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<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)</span></b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
package main
|
||
|
||
import (
|
||
"fmt"
|
||
"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
|
||
)
|
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|
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func main() {
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locker := concurrency.NewKeyedLocker[string](2 * time.Second)
|
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|
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task := func() {
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fmt.Println("Executing task...")
|
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time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
|
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fmt.Println("Task completed.")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*time.Second)
|
||
defer cancel()
|
||
|
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if err := locker.Do(ctx, "mykey", task); err != nil {
|
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log.Fatalf("Error executing task: %v\n", err)
|
||
} else {
|
||
fmt.Println("Task successfully executed.")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
ctx2, cancel2 := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*time.Second)
|
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defer cancel2()
|
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|
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if err := locker.Do(ctx2, "mykey", task); err != nil {
|
||
log.Fatalf("Error executing task: %v\n", err)
|
||
} else {
|
||
fmt.Println("Task successfully executed.")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Output:
|
||
// Executing task...
|
||
// Task completed.
|
||
// Task successfully executed.
|
||
// Executing task...
|
||
// Task completed.
|
||
// Task successfully executed.
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### <span id="Do">KeyedLocker_Do</span>
|
||
|
||
<p>为指定的键获取锁并执行提供的函数。</p>
|
||
|
||
<b>函数签名:</b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
func (l *KeyedLocker[K]) Do(ctx context.Context, key K, fn func()) error
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)</span></b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
package main
|
||
|
||
import (
|
||
"fmt"
|
||
"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
func main() {
|
||
locker := concurrency.NewKeyedLocker[string](2 * time.Second)
|
||
|
||
task := func() {
|
||
fmt.Println("Executing task...")
|
||
time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
|
||
fmt.Println("Task completed.")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*time.Second)
|
||
defer cancel()
|
||
|
||
if err := locker.Do(ctx, "mykey", task); err != nil {
|
||
log.Fatalf("Error executing task: %v\n", err)
|
||
} else {
|
||
fmt.Println("Task successfully executed.")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
ctx2, cancel2 := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*time.Second)
|
||
defer cancel2()
|
||
|
||
if err := locker.Do(ctx2, "mykey", task); err != nil {
|
||
log.Fatalf("Error executing task: %v\n", err)
|
||
} else {
|
||
fmt.Println("Task successfully executed.")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Output:
|
||
// Executing task...
|
||
// Task completed.
|
||
// Task successfully executed.
|
||
// Executing task...
|
||
// Task completed.
|
||
// Task successfully executed.
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### <span id="NewRWKeyedLocker">NewRWKeyedLocker</span>
|
||
|
||
<p>NewRWKeyedLocker创建一个新的RWKeyedLocker，并为锁的过期设置指定的 TTL。RWKeyedLocker 是一个简单的键值读写锁实现，允许非阻塞的锁获取。</p>
|
||
|
||
<b>函数签名:</b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
func NewRWKeyedLocker[K comparable](ttl time.Duration) *RWKeyedLocker[K]
|
||
```
|
||
<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)</span></b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
package main
|
||
|
||
import (
|
||
"fmt"
|
||
"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
func main() {
|
||
locker := concurrency.NewRWKeyedLocker[string](2 * time.Second)
|
||
|
||
// Simulate a key
|
||
key := "resource_key"
|
||
|
||
fn := func() {
|
||
fmt.Println("Starting write operation...")
|
||
// Simulate write operation, assuming it takes 2 seconds
|
||
time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
|
||
fmt.Println("Write operation completed!")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Acquire the write lock and execute the operation
|
||
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 1*time.Second)
|
||
defer cancel()
|
||
|
||
// Execute the lock operation with a 3-second timeout
|
||
err := locker.Lock(ctx, key, fn)
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
//output:
|
||
//Starting write operation...
|
||
//Write operation completed!
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### <span id="RLock">RWKeyedLocker_RLock</span>
|
||
|
||
<p>RLock为指定的键获取读锁并执行提供的函数。</p>
|
||
|
||
<b>函数签名:</b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
func (l *RWKeyedLocker[K]) RLock(ctx context.Context, key K, fn func()) error
|
||
```
|
||
<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)</span></b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
package main
|
||
|
||
import (
|
||
"fmt"
|
||
"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
func main() {
|
||
locker := concurrency.NewRWKeyedLocker[string](2 * time.Second)
|
||
|
||
// Simulate a key
|
||
key := "resource_key"
|
||
|
||
fn := func() {
|
||
fmt.Println("Starting write operation...")
|
||
// Simulate write operation, assuming it takes 2 seconds
|
||
time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
|
||
fmt.Println("Write operation completed!")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Acquire the write lock and execute the operation
|
||
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 1*time.Second)
|
||
defer cancel()
|
||
|
||
// Execute the lock operation with a 3-second timeout
|
||
err := locker.RLock(ctx, key, fn)
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
//output:
|
||
//Starting write operation...
|
||
//Write operation completed!
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### <span id="Lock">RWKeyedLocker_Lock</span>
|
||
|
||
<p>RLock为指定的键获取锁并执行提供的函数。</p>
|
||
|
||
<b>函数签名:</b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
func (l *RWKeyedLocker[K]) Lock(ctx context.Context, key K, fn func()) error
|
||
```
|
||
<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)</span></b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
package main
|
||
|
||
import (
|
||
"fmt"
|
||
"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
func main() {
|
||
locker := NewRWKeyedLocker[string](2 * time.Second)
|
||
|
||
// Simulate a key
|
||
key := "resource_key"
|
||
|
||
fn := func() {
|
||
fmt.Println("Starting write operation...")
|
||
// Simulate write operation, assuming it takes 2 seconds
|
||
time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
|
||
fmt.Println("Write operation completed!")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Acquire the write lock and execute the operation
|
||
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 1*time.Second)
|
||
defer cancel()
|
||
|
||
// Execute the lock operation with a 3-second timeout
|
||
err := locker.Lock(ctx, key, fn)
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
//output:
|
||
//Starting write operation...
|
||
//Write operation completed!
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### <span id="NewTryKeyedLocker">NewTryKeyedLocker</span>
|
||
|
||
<p>创建一个TryKeyedLocker实例，TryKeyedLocker是KeyedLocker的非阻塞版本。</p>
|
||
|
||
<b>函数签名:</b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
func NewTryKeyedLocker[K comparable]() *TryKeyedLocker[K]
|
||
```
|
||
<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)</span></b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
package main
|
||
|
||
import (
|
||
"fmt"
|
||
"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
func main() {
|
||
locker := concurrency.NewTryKeyedLocker[string]()
|
||
|
||
key := "resource_key"
|
||
|
||
if locker.TryLock(key) {
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock acquired")
|
||
time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
|
||
// Unlock after work is done
|
||
locker.Unlock(key)
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock released")
|
||
} else {
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock failed")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
//output:
|
||
//Lock acquired
|
||
//Lock released
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### <span id="TryLock">TryKeyedLocker_TryLock</span>
|
||
|
||
<p>TryLock尝试获取指定键的锁。如果锁成功获取，则返回true，否则返回false。</p>
|
||
|
||
<b>函数签名:</b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
func (l *TryKeyedLocker[K]) TryLock(key K) bool
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)</span></b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
package main
|
||
|
||
import (
|
||
"fmt"
|
||
"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
func main() {
|
||
locker := concurrency.NewTryKeyedLocker[string]()
|
||
|
||
key := "resource_key"
|
||
|
||
if locker.TryLock(key) {
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock acquired")
|
||
time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
|
||
// Unlock after work is done
|
||
locker.Unlock(key)
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock released")
|
||
} else {
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock failed")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
//output:
|
||
//Lock acquired
|
||
//Lock released
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### <span id="Unlock">TryKeyedLocker_Unlock</span>
|
||
|
||
<p>释放指定键的锁。</p>
|
||
|
||
<b>函数签名:</b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
func (l *TryKeyedLocker[K]) Unlock(key K)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)</span></b>
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
package main
|
||
|
||
import (
|
||
"fmt"
|
||
"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/concurrency"
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
func main() {
|
||
locker := concurrency.NewTryKeyedLocker[string]()
|
||
|
||
key := "resource_key"
|
||
|
||
if locker.TryLock(key) {
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock acquired")
|
||
time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
|
||
// Unlock after work is done
|
||
locker.Unlock(key)
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock released")
|
||
} else {
|
||
fmt.Println("Lock failed")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
//output:
|
||
//Lock acquired
|
||
//Lock released
|
||
}
|
||
``` |