update pem file

README.md

@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@
 <br/>
 
 ![Go version](https://img.shields.io/badge/go-%3E%3Dv1.18-9cf)
-[![Release](https://img.shields.io/badge/release-2.3.3-green.svg)](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/releases)
+[![Release](https://img.shields.io/badge/release-2.3.4-green.svg)](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/releases)
 [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2?status.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2)
 [![test](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/actions/workflows/codecov.yml/badge.svg?branch=main&event=push)](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/actions/workflows/codecov.yml)
 [![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/duke-git/lancet/branch/main/graph/badge.svg?token=FC48T1F078)](https://codecov.io/gh/duke-git/lancet)
 [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg)](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/LICENSE)
+[![Gurubase](https://img.shields.io/badge/Gurubase-Ask%20Lancet%20Guru-006BFF)](https://gurubase.io/g/lancet)
 
 </div>
 
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@
 go get github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2 // will install latest version of v2.x.x
 ```
 
-2. <b>For users who use version below go1.18, you should install v1.x.x. The latest of v1.x.x is v1.4.4. </b>
+2. <b>For users who use version below go1.18, you should install v1.x.x. The latest of v1.x.x is v1.4.5. </b>
 
 ```go
 go get github.com/duke-git/lancet // below go1.18, install latest version of v1.x.x
@@ -320,12 +321,19 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/convertor"
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/OphmHCN_9u8)]
 -   **<big>ToStdBase64</big>** : converts a value to a string encoded in standard Base64.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/convertor.md#ToStdBase64)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/_fLJqJD3NMo)]
 -   **<big>ToUrlBase64</big>** : converts a value to a string encoded in url Base64.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/convertor.md#ToUrlBase64)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/C_d0GlvEeUR)]
 -   **<big>ToRawStdBase64</big>** : converts a value to a string encoded in raw standard Base64.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/convertor.md#ToRawStdBase64)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/wSAr3sfkDcv)]
 -   **<big>ToRawUrlBase64</big>** : converts a value to a string encoded in raw url Base64.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/convertor.md#ToRawUrlBase64)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/HwdDPFcza1O)]
+-   **<big>ToBigInt</big>** : converts an integer of any supported type (int, int64, uint64, etc.) to *big.Int.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/convertor.md#ToBigInt)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="cryptor"> 6. Cryptor package is for data encryption and decryption.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
 
@@ -474,7 +482,12 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/cryptor"
 -   **<big>RsaDecryptOAEP</big>** : decrypts the data with RSA-OAEP
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/cryptor.md#RsaDecryptOAEP)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/sSVmkfENKMz)]
-
+-   **<big>RsaSign</big>** : signs the data with RSA.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/cryptor.md#RsaSign)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>RsaVerifySign</big>** : verifies the signature of the data with RSA.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/cryptor.md#RsaVerifySign)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="datetime"> 7. Datetime package supports date and time format and compare. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
 
@@ -618,7 +631,15 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/datetime"
 -   **<big>GenerateDatetimesBetween</big>** : returns a slice of strings between two times.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/datetime.md#GenerateDatetimesBetween)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/6kHBpAxD9ZC)]
-
+-   **<big>Min</big>** : returns the earliest time among the given times.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/datetime.md#Min)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>Max</big>** : returns the latest time among the given times.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/datetime.md#Max)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>MaxMin</big>** : returns the latest and earliest time among the given times.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/datetime.md#MaxMin)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="datastructure"> 8. Datastructure package contains some common data structure. eg. list, linklist, stack, queue, set, tree, graph. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
 
@@ -754,6 +775,9 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/fileutil"
 -   **<big>ParallelChunkRead</big>** : reads the file in parallel and send each chunk of lines to the specified channel.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/fileutil.md#ParallelChunkRead)]  
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/teMXnCsdSEw)]
+-   **<big>GetExeOrDllVersion</big>** : Get the version of exe or dll file on windows os.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/fileutil.md#GetExeOrDllVersion)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="formatter"> 10. Formatter contains some functions for data formatting. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
 
@@ -1119,7 +1143,18 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
 -   **<big>Div</big>** : returns the result of x divided by y.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/mathutil.md#Div)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/WLxDdGXXYat)]
-
+-   **<big>Variance</big>** : returns the variance of numbers.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/mathutil.md#Variance)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>StdDev</big>** : returns the standard deviation of numbers.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/mathutil.md#StdDev)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>Permutation</big>** : calculates P(n, k).
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/mathutil.md#Permutation)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>Combination</big>** : calculates C(n, k).
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/mathutil.md#Combination)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="netutil"> 14. Netutil package contains functions to get net information and send http request. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
 
@@ -1280,7 +1315,9 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/random"
 -   **<big>RandSliceFromGivenSlice</big>** : generate a random slice of length num from given slice.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/random.md#RandSliceFromGivenSlice)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/68UikN9d6VT)]
-
+-   **<big>RandNumberOfLength</big>** : generates a random int number of specified length.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/random.md#RandNumberOfLength)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="retry"> 17. Retry package is for executing a function repeatedly until it was successful or canceled by the context. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
 
@@ -1574,7 +1611,12 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/slice"
 -   **<big>Frequency</big>** : counts the frequency of each element in the slice.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/slice.md#Frequency)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/CW3UVNdUZOq)]
-
+-   **<big>JoinFunc</big>** : joins the slice elements into a single string with the given separator.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/slice.md#JoinFunc)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>ConcatBy</big>** : concats the elements of a slice into a single value using the provided separator and connector function.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/slice.md#ConcatBy)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="stream"> 19. Stream package implements a sequence of elements supporting sequential and operations. this package is an experiment to explore if stream in go can work as the way java does. its function is very limited. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
 
@@ -1665,6 +1707,12 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/stream"
 -   **<big>ToSlice</big>** : returns the elements in the stream.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/stream.md#ToSlice)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/jI6_iZZuVFE)]
+-   **<big>IndexOf</big>** : returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this stream.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/stream.md#IndexOf)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>LastIndexOf</big>** : returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this stream.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/stream.md#LastIndexOf)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="structs"> 20. Structs package provides several high level functions to manipulate struct, tag, and field. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
 
@@ -1846,6 +1894,9 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/strutil"
 -   **<big>RegexMatchAllGroups</big>** : matches all subgroups in a string using a regular expression and returns the result.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/strutil.md#RegexMatchAllGroups)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/JZiu0RXpgN-)]
+-   **<big>ExtractContent</big>** : extracts the content between the start and end strings in the source string.
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/strutil.md#ExtractContent)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 
 <h3 id="system"> 22. System package contain some functions about os, runtime, shell command. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">index</a></h3>
@@ -2196,6 +2247,9 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/xerror"
 -   **<big>TryUnwrap</big>** : check if err is nil then it returns a valid value. If err is not nil, TryUnwrap panics with err.
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/xerror.md#TryUnwrap)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/acyZVkNZEeW)]
+-   **<big>TryCatch</big>** : simple simulation of Java-style try-catch. 
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/en/api/packages/xerror.md#TryCatch)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 ## How to Contribute
 

README_zh-CN.md

@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@
 <br/>
 
 ![Go version](https://img.shields.io/badge/go-%3E%3Dv1.18-9cf)
-[![Release](https://img.shields.io/badge/release-2.3.3-green.svg)](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/releases)
+[![Release](https://img.shields.io/badge/release-2.3.4-green.svg)](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/releases)
 [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2?status.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2)
 [![test](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/actions/workflows/codecov.yml/badge.svg?branch=main&event=push)](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/actions/workflows/codecov.yml)
 [![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/duke-git/lancet/branch/main/graph/badge.svg?token=FC48T1F078)](https://codecov.io/gh/duke-git/lancet)
 [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg)](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/LICENSE)
+[![Gurubase](https://img.shields.io/badge/Gurubase-Ask%20Lancet%20Guru-006BFF)](https://gurubase.io/g/lancet)
 
 </div>
 
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@
 go get github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2 //安装v2最新版本v2.x.x
 ```
 
-2. <b>使用 go1.18 以下版本的用户，必须安装 v1.x.x。目前最新的 v1 版本是 v1.4.4。</b>
+2. <b>使用 go1.18 以下版本的用户，必须安装 v1.x.x。目前最新的 v1 版本是 v1.4.5。</b>
 
 ```go
 go get github.com/duke-git/lancet// 使用go1.18以下版本, 必须安装v1.x.x版本
@@ -320,13 +321,19 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/convertor"
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/OphmHCN_9u8)]
 -   **<big>ToStdBase64</big>** : 将值转换为StdBase64编码的字符串。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/convertor.md#ToStdBase64)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/_fLJqJD3NMo)]
 -   **<big>ToUrlBase64</big>** : 将值转换为url Base64编码的字符串。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/convertor.md#ToUrlBase64)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/C_d0GlvEeUR)]
 -   **<big>ToRawStdBase64</big>** : 将值转换为RawStdBase64编码的字符串。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/convertor.md#ToRawStdBase64)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/wSAr3sfkDcv)]
 -   **<big>ToRawUrlBase64</big>** : 将值转换为RawUrlBase64编码的字符串。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/convertor.md#ToRawUrlBase64)]
-
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/HwdDPFcza1O)]
+-   **<big>ToBigInt</big>** : 将整数转为*big.Int。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/convertor.md#ToBigInt)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="cryptor"> 6. cryptor 加密包支持数据加密和解密，获取 md5，hash 值。支持 base64, md5, hmac, aes, des, rsa。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
 
@@ -476,7 +483,12 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/cryptor"
 -   **<big>RsaDecryptOAEP</big>** : rsa OAEP解密。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/cryptor.md#RsaDecryptOAEP)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/sSVmkfENKMz)]
-
+-   **<big>RsaSign</big>** : 应用RSA算法签名数据。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/cryptor.md#RsaSign)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>RsaVerifySign</big>** : 验证数据的签名是否符合RSA算法。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/cryptor.md#RsaVerifySign)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="datetime"> 7. datetime日期时间处理包，格式化日期，比较日期。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
 
@@ -621,6 +633,15 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/datetime"
 -   **<big>GenerateDatetimesBetween</big>** : 生成从start到end的所有日期时间的字符串列表。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/datetime.md#GenerateDatetimesBetween)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/6kHBpAxD9ZC)]
+-   **<big>Min</big>** : 返回最早时间。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/datetime.md#Min)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>Max</big>** : 返回最晚时间。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/datetime.md#Max)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>MaxMin</big>** : 返回最早和最晚时间。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/datetime.md#MaxMin)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 
 <h3 id="datastructure"> 8. datastructure 包含一些普通的数据结构实现。例如：list, linklist, stack, queue, set, tree, graph。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
@@ -753,7 +774,9 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/fileutil"
 -   **<big>ParallelChunkRead</big>** : 并行读取文件并将每个块的行发送到指定通道。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/fileutil.md#ParallelChunkRead)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/teMXnCsdSEw)]
-
+-   **<big>GetExeOrDllVersion</big>** : 返回exe,dll文件版本号(仅Window平台)。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/fileutil.md#GetExeOrDllVersion)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 
 <h3 id="formatter"> 10. formatter 格式化器包含一些数据格式化处理方法。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
@@ -1120,7 +1143,18 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
 -   **<big>Div</big>** : 除法运算。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/mathutil.md#Div)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/WLxDdGXXYat)]
-
+-   **<big>Variance</big>** : 计算方差。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/mathutil.md#Variance)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>StdDev</big>** : 计算标准差。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/mathutil.md#StdDev)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>Permutation</big>** : 计算排列数P(n, k)。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/mathutil.md#Permutation)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>Combination</big>** : 计算组合数C(n, k)。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/mathutil.md#Combination)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="netutil"> 14. netutil 网络包支持获取 ip 地址，发送 http 请求。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
 
@@ -1281,7 +1315,9 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/random"
 -   **<big>RandSliceFromGivenSlice</big>** : 从给定切片中生成长度为 num 的随机切片。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/random.md#RandSliceFromGivenSlice)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/68UikN9d6VT)]
-
+-   **<big>RandNumberOfLength</big>** : 生成指定长度的随机数。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/random.md#RandNumberOfLength)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="retry"> 17. retry 重试执行函数直到函数运行成功或被 context cancel。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
 
@@ -1300,7 +1336,7 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/retry"
 -   **<big>RetryFunc</big>** : 重试执行的函数。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/retry.md#RetryFunc)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/nk2XRmagfVF)]
--   **<big>RetryTimes</big>** : 设置重试次数，默认 5。
+-   **<big>RetryTimes</big>** : 设置重试次数，默认5。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/retry.md#RetryTimes)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/ssfVeU2SwLO)]
 -   **<big>BackoffStrategy</big>** : 定义计算退避间隔的方法的接口。
@@ -1572,7 +1608,12 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/slice"
 -   **<big>Frequency</big>** : 计算切片中每个元素出现的频率。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/slice.md#Frequency)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/CW3UVNdUZOq)]
-
+-   **<big>JoinFunc</big>** : 将切片元素用给定的分隔符连接成一个单一的字符串。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/slice.md#JoinFunc)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>ConcatBy</big>** : 将切片中的元素连接成一个值，使用指定的分隔符和连接器函数。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/slice.md#ConcatBy)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="stream"> 19. stream 流，该包仅验证简单的 stream 实现，功能有限。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
 
@@ -1663,7 +1704,12 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/stream"
 -   **<big>ToSlice</big>** : 返回 stream 中的元素切片。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/stream.md#ToSlice)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/jI6_iZZuVFE)]
-
+-   **<big>IndexOf</big>** : 返回在stream中找到值的第一个匹配项的索引，如果找不到值，则返回-1。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/stream.md#IndexOf)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
+-   **<big>LastIndexOf</big>** : 返回在stream中找到值的最后一个匹配项的索引，如果找不到值，则返回-1。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/stream.md#LastIndexOf)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="structs"> 20. structs 提供操作 struct, tag, field 的相关函数。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
 
@@ -1848,6 +1894,9 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/strutil"
 -   **<big>RegexMatchAllGroups</big>** : 使用正则表达式匹配字符串中的所有子组并返回结果。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/strutil.md#RegexMatchAllGroups)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/JZiu0RXpgN-)]
+-   **<big>ExtractContent</big>** : 提取两个标记之间的内容。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/strutil.md#ExtractContent)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 <h3 id="system"> 22. system 包含 os, runtime, shell command 的相关函数。&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#index">回到目录</a></h3>
 
@@ -2060,7 +2109,7 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/validator"
 -   **<big>IsCreditCard</big>** : 验证字符串是否是信用卡号码。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsCreditCard)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/sNwwL6B0-v4)]
--   **<big>IsDns</big>** : 验证字符串是否是有效 dns。
+-   **<big>IsDns</big>** : 验证字符串是否是有效dns。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsDns)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/jlYApVLLGTZ)]
 -   **<big>IsEmail</big>** : 验证字符串是否是有效电子邮件地址。
@@ -2096,10 +2145,10 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/validator"
 -   **<big>IsIp</big>** : 验证字符串是否是 ip 地址。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsIp)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/FgcplDvmxoD)]
--   **<big>IsIpV4</big>** : 验证字符串是否是 ipv4 地址。
+-   **<big>IsIpV4</big>** : 验证字符串是否是ipv4地址。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsIpV4)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/zBGT99EjaIu)]
--   **<big>IsIpV6</big>** : 验证字符串是否是 ipv6 地址。
+-   **<big>IsIpV6</big>** : 验证字符串是否是ipv6地址。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsIpV6)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/AHA0r0AzIdC)]
 -   **<big>IsStrongPassword</big>** : 验证字符串是否是强密码：（字母+数字+特殊字符)。
@@ -2114,10 +2163,10 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/validator"
 -   **<big>IsZeroValue</big>** : 判断传入的参数值是否为零值。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsZeroValue)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/UMrwaDCi_t4)]
--   **<big>IsGBK</big>** : 检查数据编码是否为 gbk（汉字内部代码扩展规范）。
+-   **<big>IsGBK</big>** : 检查数据编码是否为gbk（汉字内部代码扩展规范）。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsGBK)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/E2nt3unlmzP)]
--   **<big>IsASCII</big>** : 验证字符串全部为 ASCII 字符。
+-   **<big>IsASCII</big>** : 验证字符串全部为ASCII字符。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsASCII)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/hfQNPLX0jNa)]
 -   **<big>IsPrintable</big>** : 检查字符串是否全部为可打印字符。
@@ -2132,13 +2181,13 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/validator"
 -   **<big>IsBase64URL</big>** : 检查字符串是否是有效的 base64 url。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsBase64URL)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/vhl4mr8GZ6S)]
--   **<big>IsJWT</big>** : 检查字符串是否是有效的 JSON Web Token (JWT)。
+-   **<big>IsJWT</big>** : 检查字符串是否是有效的JSON Web Token (JWT)。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsJWT)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/R6Op7heJbKI)]
--   **<big>IsVisa</big>** : 检查字符串是否是有效的 visa 卡号。
+-   **<big>IsVisa</big>** : 检查字符串是否是有效的visa卡号。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsVisa)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/SdS2keOyJsl)]
--   **<big>IsMasterCard</big>** : 检查字符串是否是有效的 MasterCard 卡号。
+-   **<big>IsMasterCard</big>** : 检查字符串是否是有效的MasterCard卡号。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/validator.md#IsMasterCard)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/CwWBFRrG27b)]
 -   **<big>IsAmericanExpress</big>** : 检查字符串是否是有效的 American Express 卡号。
@@ -2174,30 +2223,33 @@ import "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/xerror"
 -   **<big>XError_Unwrap</big>** : 解构 XEerror 为 error 对象。适配 github.com/pkg/errors。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#XError_Unwrap)
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/VUXJ8BST4c6)]
--   **<big>XError_With</big>** : 添加与 XError 对象的键和值。
+-   **<big>XError_With</big>** : 添加与XError对象的键和值。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#XError_With)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/ow8UISXX_Dp)]
--   **<big>XError_Id</big>** : 设置 XError 对象的 id。
+-   **<big>XError_Id</big>** : 设置XError对象的id。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#XError_Id)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/X6HBlsy58U9)]
--   **<big>XError_Is</big>** : 检查目标 error 是否为 XError，两个错误中的 error.id 是否匹配。
+-   **<big>XError_Is</big>** : 检查目标error是否为XError，两个错误中的error.id是否匹配。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#XError_Is)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/X6HBlsy58U9)]
--   **<big>XError_Values</big>** : 返回由 With 设置的键和值的映射。将合并所有 XError 键和值。
+-   **<big>XError_Values</big>** : 返回由With设置的键和值的映射。将合并所有XError键和值。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#XError_Values)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/ow8UISXX_Dp)]
--   **<big>XError_StackTrace</big>** : 返回与 pkg/error 兼容的堆栈信息。
+-   **<big>XError_StackTrace</big>** : 返回与pkg/error兼容的堆栈信息。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#XError_StackTrace)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/6FAvSQpa7pc)]
--   **<big>XError_Info</big>** : 返回可打印的 XError 对象信息。
+-   **<big>XError_Info</big>** : 返回可打印的XError对象信息。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#XError_Info)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/1ZX0ME1F-Jb)]
--   **<big>XError_Error</big>** : 实现标准库的 error 接口。
+-   **<big>XError_Error</big>** : 实现标准库的error接口。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#XError_Error)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/w4oWZts7q7f)]
--   **<big>TryUnwrap</big>** : 检查 error, 如果 err 为 nil 则展开，则它返回一个有效值，如果 err 不是 nil 则 Unwrap 使用 err 发生 panic。
+-   **<big>TryUnwrap</big>** : 检查error, 如果err为nil则展开，则它返回一个有效值，如果err不是nil则Unwrap使用err发生panic。
     [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#TryUnwrap)]
     [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/acyZVkNZEeW)]
+-   **<big>TryCatch</big>** : 简单实现的java风格异常处理（try-catch-finally）。
+    [[doc](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet/blob/main/docs/api/packages/xerror.md#TryCatch)]
+    [[play](https://go.dev/play/p/todo)]
 
 ## 如何贡献代码
 

compare/compare_internal.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package compare
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"math/big"
 	"reflect"
 	"time"
 
@@ -24,6 +25,13 @@ func compareValue(operator string, left, right any) bool {
 
 	case reflect.Struct, reflect.Slice, reflect.Map:
 		return compareRefValue(operator, left, right, leftType.Kind())
+
+	case reflect.Ptr:
+		if leftVal, ok := left.(*big.Int); ok {
+			if rightVal, ok := right.(*big.Int); ok {
+				return compareBigInt(operator, leftVal, rightVal)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	return false
@@ -155,169 +163,129 @@ func compareBasicValue(operator string, leftValue, rightValue any) bool {
 	}
 
 	switch leftVal := leftValue.(type) {
-	case json.Number:
+	case int, uint, int8, uint8, int16, uint16, int32, uint32, int64, uint64:
-		if left, err := leftVal.Float64(); err == nil {
+		left, err := convertor.ToBigInt(leftValue)
-			switch rightVal := rightValue.(type) {
+		if err != nil {
-			case json.Number:
+			return false
-				if right, err := rightVal.Float64(); err == nil {
-					switch operator {
-					case equal:
-						if left == right {
-							return true
-						}
-					case lessThan:
-						if left < right {
-							return true
-						}
-					case greaterThan:
-						if left > right {
-							return true
-						}
-					case lessOrEqual:
-						if left <= right {
-							return true
-						}
-					case greaterOrEqual:
-						if left >= right {
-							return true
-						}
-					}
-
-				}
-
-			case float32, float64, int, uint, int8, uint8, int16, uint16, int32, uint32, int64, uint64:
-				right, err := convertor.ToFloat(rightValue)
-				if err != nil {
-					return false
-				}
-				switch operator {
-				case equal:
-					if left == right {
-						return true
-					}
-				case lessThan:
-					if left < right {
-						return true
-					}
-				case greaterThan:
-					if left > right {
-						return true
-					}
-				case lessOrEqual:
-					if left <= right {
-						return true
-					}
-				case greaterOrEqual:
-					if left >= right {
-						return true
-					}
-				}
-			}
-
 		}
 
-	case float32, float64, int, uint, int8, uint8, int16, uint16, int32, uint32, int64, uint64:
+		right, err := convertor.ToBigInt(rightValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		return compareBigInt(operator, left, right)
+
+	case float32, float64:
 		left, err := convertor.ToFloat(leftValue)
 		if err != nil {
 			return false
 		}
-		switch rightVal := rightValue.(type) {
+		right, err := convertor.ToFloat(rightValue)
-		case json.Number:
+		if err != nil {
-			if right, err := rightVal.Float64(); err == nil {
+			return false
-				switch operator {
-				case equal:
-					if left == right {
-						return true
-					}
-				case lessThan:
-					if left < right {
-						return true
-					}
-				case greaterThan:
-					if left > right {
-						return true
-					}
-				case lessOrEqual:
-					if left <= right {
-						return true
-					}
-				case greaterOrEqual:
-					if left >= right {
-						return true
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		case float32, float64, int, uint, int8, uint8, int16, uint16, int32, uint32, int64, uint64:
-			right, err := convertor.ToFloat(rightValue)
-			if err != nil {
-				return false
-			}
-
-			switch operator {
-			case equal:
-				if left == right {
-					return true
-				}
-			case lessThan:
-				if left < right {
-					return true
-				}
-			case greaterThan:
-				if left > right {
-					return true
-				}
-			case lessOrEqual:
-				if left <= right {
-					return true
-				}
-			case greaterOrEqual:
-				if left >= right {
-					return true
-				}
-			}
 		}
 
+		return compareFloats(operator, left, right)
+
 	case string:
 		left := leftVal
 		switch right := rightValue.(type) {
 		case string:
-			switch operator {
+			return compareStrings(operator, left, right)
-			case equal:
-				if left == right {
-					return true
-				}
-			case lessThan:
-				if left < right {
-					return true
-				}
-			case greaterThan:
-				if left > right {
-					return true
-				}
-			case lessOrEqual:
-				if left <= right {
-					return true
-				}
-			case greaterOrEqual:
-				if left >= right {
-					return true
-				}
-			}
 		}
 
 	case bool:
 		left := leftVal
 		switch right := rightValue.(type) {
 		case bool:
-			switch operator {
+			return compareBools(operator, left, right)
-			case equal:
-				if left == right {
-					return true
-				}
-			}
 		}
 
+	case json.Number:
+		if left, err := leftVal.Float64(); err == nil {
+			switch rightVal := rightValue.(type) {
+			case json.Number:
+				if right, err := rightVal.Float64(); err == nil {
+					return compareFloats(operator, left, right)
+				}
+			case float32, float64:
+				right, err := convertor.ToFloat(rightValue)
+				if err != nil {
+					return false
+				}
+				return compareFloats(operator, left, right)
+
+			case int, uint, int8, uint8, int16, uint16, int32, uint32, int64, uint64:
+				right, err := convertor.ToBigInt(rightValue)
+				if err != nil {
+					return false
+				}
+				left, err := convertor.ToBigInt(left)
+				return compareBigInt(operator, left, right)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	return false
 }
+
+// compareBigInt compares two big.Int values based on the operator
+func compareBigInt(operator string, left, right *big.Int) bool {
+	switch operator {
+	case equal:
+		return left.Cmp(right) == 0
+	case lessThan:
+		return left.Cmp(right) < 0
+	case greaterThan:
+		return left.Cmp(right) > 0
+	case lessOrEqual:
+		return left.Cmp(right) <= 0
+	case greaterOrEqual:
+		return left.Cmp(right) >= 0
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// compareFloats compares two float64 values based on the operator
+func compareFloats(operator string, left, right float64) bool {
+	switch operator {
+	case equal:
+		return left == right
+	case lessThan:
+		return left < right
+	case greaterThan:
+		return left > right
+	case lessOrEqual:
+		return left <= right
+	case greaterOrEqual:
+		return left >= right
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// compareStrings compares two string values based on the operator
+func compareStrings(operator string, left, right string) bool {
+	switch operator {
+	case equal:
+		return left == right
+	case lessThan:
+		return left < right
+	case greaterThan:
+		return left > right
+	case lessOrEqual:
+		return left <= right
+	case greaterOrEqual:
+		return left >= right
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// compareBools compares two boolean values based on the operator
+func compareBools(operator string, left, right bool) bool {
+	switch operator {
+	case equal:
+		return left == right
+	}
+	return false
+}

compare/compare_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package compare
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"math/big"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -12,213 +13,191 @@ func TestEqual(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestEqual")
 
-	// basic type
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal(1, 1))
+		left  any
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal(int64(1), int64(1)))
+		right any
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal("a", "a"))
+		want  bool
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal(true, true))
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal([]int{1, 2, 3}, []int{1, 2, 3}))
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal(map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}))
-
-	assert.Equal(false, Equal(1, 2))
-	assert.Equal(false, Equal(1, int64(1)))
-	assert.Equal(false, Equal("a", "b"))
-	assert.Equal(false, Equal(true, false))
-	assert.Equal(false, Equal([]int{1, 2}, []int{1, 2, 3}))
-	assert.Equal(false, Equal(map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a"}))
-
-	// time
-	time1 := time.Now()
-	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
-	time3 := time1.Add(time.Second)
-
-	assert.Equal(false, Equal(time1, time2))
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal(time2, time3))
-
-	// struct
-	st1 := struct {
-		A string
-		B string
 	}{
-		A: "a",
+		{1, 1, true},
-		B: "b",
+		{int64(1), int64(1), true},
+		{"a", "a", true},
+		{true, true, true},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3}, []int{1, 2, 3}, true},
+		{map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, true},
+		{1, 2, false},
+		{1, int64(1), false},
+		{"a", "b", false},
+		{true, false, false},
+		{[]int{1, 2}, []int{1, 2, 3}, false},
+		{map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a"}, false},
+		// {time.Now(), time.Now(), true},
+		// {time.Now(), time.Now().Add(time.Second), false},
+		{[]byte("hello"), []byte("hello"), true},
+		{[]byte("hello"), []byte("world"), false},
+		{json.Number("123"), json.Number("123"), true},
+		{json.Number("123"), json.Number("124"), false},
+
+		{big.NewInt(123), big.NewInt(123), true},
 	}
 
-	st2 := struct {
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-		A string
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, Equal(tt.left, tt.right))
-		B string
-	}{
-		A: "a",
-		B: "b",
 	}
 
-	st3 := struct {
-		A string
-		B string
-	}{
-		A: "a1",
-		B: "b",
-	}
-
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal(st1, st2))
-	assert.Equal(false, Equal(st1, st3))
-
-	//byte slice
-	bs1 := []byte("hello")
-	bs2 := []byte("hello")
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal(bs1, bs2))
-
-	// json.Number
-	var jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2 json.Number
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`123`), &jsonNumber1)
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`123`), &jsonNumber2)
-
-	assert.Equal(true, Equal(jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2))
-
 }
 
 func TestEqualValue(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestEqualValue")
 
-	assert.Equal(true, EqualValue(1, 1))
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(true, EqualValue(int(1), int64(1)))
+		left  any
-	assert.Equal(true, EqualValue(1, "1"))
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 1, true},
+		{int64(1), int64(1), true},
+		{"a", "a", true},
+		{true, true, true},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3}, []int{1, 2, 3}, true},
+		{map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b"}, true},
+		{1, 2, false},
+		{1, int64(1), true},
+		{"a", "b", false},
+		{true, false, false},
+		{[]int{1, 2}, []int{1, 2, 3}, false},
+	}
 
-	assert.Equal(false, EqualValue(1, "2"))
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, EqualValue(tt.left, tt.right))
-	// json.Number
+	}
-	var jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2 json.Number
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`123`), &jsonNumber1)
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`123`), &jsonNumber2)
-
-	assert.Equal(true, EqualValue(jsonNumber1, 123))
 }
 
 func TestLessThan(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLessThan")
 
-	assert.Equal(true, LessThan(1, 2))
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(true, LessThan(1.1, 2.2))
+		left  any
-	assert.Equal(true, LessThan("a", "b"))
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 2, true},
+		{1.1, 2.2, true},
+		{"a", "b", true},
+		{time.Now(), time.Now().Add(time.Second), true},
+		{[]byte("hello1"), []byte("hello2"), true},
+		{json.Number("123"), json.Number("124"), true},
+		{645680099112988673, 645680099112988675, true},
+		{1, 1, false},
+		{1, int64(1), false},
+	}
 
-	time1 := time.Now()
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, LessThan(tt.left, tt.right))
-	assert.Equal(true, LessThan(time1, time2))
+	}
-
-	assert.Equal(false, LessThan(1, 1))
-	assert.Equal(false, LessThan(1, int64(1)))
-
-	bs1 := []byte("hello1")
-	bs2 := []byte("hello2")
-	assert.Equal(true, LessThan(bs1, bs2))
-
-	// json.Number
-	var jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2 json.Number
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`123`), &jsonNumber1)
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`124`), &jsonNumber2)
-
-	assert.Equal(true, LessThan(jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2))
 }
 
 func TestGreaterThan(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestGreaterThan")
 
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterThan(2, 1))
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterThan(2.2, 1.1))
+		left  any
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterThan("b", "a"))
+		right any
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{2, 1, true},
+		{2.2, 1.1, true},
+		{"b", "a", true},
+		{time.Now().Add(time.Second), time.Now(), true},
+		{[]byte("hello2"), []byte("hello1"), true},
+		{json.Number("124"), json.Number("123"), true},
+		{645680099112988675, 645680099112988673, true},
+		{1, 1, false},
+		{1, int64(1), false},
+	}
 
-	time1 := time.Now()
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, GreaterThan(tt.left, tt.right))
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterThan(time2, time1))
+	}
 
-	assert.Equal(false, GreaterThan(1, 2))
-	assert.Equal(false, GreaterThan(int64(2), 1))
-	assert.Equal(false, GreaterThan("b", "c"))
-
-	bs1 := []byte("hello1")
-	bs2 := []byte("hello2")
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterThan(bs2, bs1))
-
-	// json.Number
-	var jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2 json.Number
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`123`), &jsonNumber1)
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`124`), &jsonNumber2)
-
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterThan(jsonNumber2, jsonNumber1))
 }
 
 func TestLessOrEqual(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLessOrEqual")
 
-	assert.Equal(true, LessOrEqual(1, 2))
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(true, LessOrEqual(1, 1))
+		left  any
-	assert.Equal(true, LessOrEqual(1.1, 2.2))
+		right any
-	assert.Equal(true, LessOrEqual("a", "b"))
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 2, true},
+		{1, 1, true},
+		{1.1, 2.2, true},
+		{"a", "b", true},
+		{time.Now(), time.Now().Add(time.Second), true},
+		{[]byte("hello1"), []byte("hello2"), true},
+		{json.Number("123"), json.Number("124"), true},
+		{645680099112988673, 645680099112988675, true},
+		{2, 1, false},
+		{1, int64(2), false},
+	}
 
-	time1 := time.Now()
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, LessOrEqual(tt.left, tt.right))
-	assert.Equal(true, LessOrEqual(time1, time2))
+	}
-
-	assert.Equal(false, LessOrEqual(2, 1))
-	assert.Equal(false, LessOrEqual(1, int64(2)))
-
-	bs1 := []byte("hello1")
-	bs2 := []byte("hello2")
-	assert.Equal(true, LessOrEqual(bs1, bs2))
-
-	// json.Number
-	var jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2 json.Number
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`123`), &jsonNumber1)
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`124`), &jsonNumber2)
-
-	assert.Equal(true, LessOrEqual(jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2))
 }
 
 func TestGreaterOrEqual(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestGreaterThan")
 
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterOrEqual(2, 1))
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterOrEqual(1, 1))
+		left  any
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterOrEqual(2.2, 1.1))
+		right any
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterOrEqual("b", "b"))
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{2, 1, true},
+		{1, 1, true},
+		{2.2, 1.1, true},
+		{"b", "b", true},
+		{time.Now().Add(time.Second), time.Now(), true},
+		{[]byte("hello2"), []byte("hello1"), true},
+		{json.Number("124"), json.Number("123"), true},
+		{645680099112988675, 645680099112988673, true},
+		{1, 2, false},
+		{int64(2), 1, false},
+		{"b", "c", false},
+	}
 
-	time1 := time.Now()
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-	time2 := time1.Add(time.Second)
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, GreaterOrEqual(tt.left, tt.right))
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterOrEqual(time2, time1))
+	}
-
-	assert.Equal(false, GreaterOrEqual(1, 2))
-	assert.Equal(false, GreaterOrEqual(int64(2), 1))
-	assert.Equal(false, GreaterOrEqual("b", "c"))
-
-	bs1 := []byte("hello1")
-	bs2 := []byte("hello2")
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterOrEqual(bs2, bs1))
-
-	// json.Number
-	var jsonNumber1, jsonNumber2 json.Number
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`123`), &jsonNumber1)
-	json.Unmarshal([]byte(`124`), &jsonNumber2)
-
-	assert.Equal(true, GreaterOrEqual(jsonNumber2, jsonNumber1))
 }
 
 func TestInDelta(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestInDelta")
 
-	assert.Equal(true, InDelta(1, 1, 0))
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(false, InDelta(1, 2, 0))
+		left  float64
+		right float64
+		delta float64
+		want  bool
+	}{
+		{1, 1, 0, true},
+		{1, 2, 0, false},
+		{2.0 / 3.0, 0.66667, 0.001, true},
+		{2.0 / 3.0, 0.0, 0.001, false},
+		{float64(74.96) - float64(20.48), 54.48, 0, false},
+		{float64(74.96) - float64(20.48), 54.48, 1e-14, true},
+		{float64(float32(80.45)), float64(80.45), 0, false},
+		{float64(float32(80.45)), float64(80.45), 1e-5, true},
+	}
 
-	assert.Equal(true, InDelta(2.0/3.0, 0.66667, 0.001))
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-	assert.Equal(false, InDelta(2.0/3.0, 0.0, 0.001))
+		assert.Equal(tt.want, InDelta(tt.left, tt.right, tt.delta))
-
+	}
-	assert.Equal(false, InDelta(float64(74.96)-float64(20.48), 54.48, 0))
-	assert.Equal(true, InDelta(float64(74.96)-float64(20.48), 54.48, 1e-14))
-	assert.Equal(false, InDelta(float64(float32(80.45)), float64(80.45), 0))
-	assert.Equal(true, InDelta(float64(float32(80.45)), float64(80.45), 1e-5))
 }

convertor/convertor.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"math"
+	"math/big"
 	"reflect"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ func ToBytes(value any) ([]byte, error) {
 // ToChar convert string to char slice.
 // Play: https://go.dev/play/p/JJ1SvbFkVdM
 func ToChar(s string) []string {
-	c := make([]string, 0)
+	c := make([]string, 0, len(s))
 	if len(s) == 0 {
 		c = append(c, "")
 	}
@@ -483,3 +484,36 @@ func ToRawUrlBase64(value any) string {
 		return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(marshal)
 	}
 }
+
+// ToBigInt converts an integer of any supported type (int, int64, uint64, etc.) to *big.Int
+// Play: todo
+func ToBigInt[T any](v T) (*big.Int, error) {
+	result := new(big.Int)
+
+	switch v := any(v).(type) {
+	case int:
+		result.SetInt64(int64(v)) // Convert to int64 for big.Int
+	case int8:
+		result.SetInt64(int64(v))
+	case int16:
+		result.SetInt64(int64(v))
+	case int32:
+		result.SetInt64(int64(v))
+	case int64:
+		result.SetInt64(v)
+	case uint:
+		result.SetUint64(uint64(v)) // Convert to uint64 for big.Int
+	case uint8:
+		result.SetUint64(uint64(v))
+	case uint16:
+		result.SetUint64(uint64(v))
+	case uint32:
+		result.SetUint64(uint64(v))
+	case uint64:
+		result.SetUint64(v)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported type: %T", v)
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}

convertor/convertor_example_test.go

@@ -571,3 +571,12 @@ func ExampleToRawUrlBase64() {
 	// dHJ1ZQ
 	// ZXJy
 }
+
+func ExampleToBigInt() {
+	n := 9876543210
+	bigInt, _ := ToBigInt(n)
+
+	fmt.Println(bigInt)
+	// Output:
+	// 9876543210
+}

convertor/convertor_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"math/big"
 	"reflect"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
@@ -741,3 +742,83 @@ func TestToRawUrlBase64(t *testing.T) {
 	d15, _ := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(r15)
 	assert.Equal("4+3/4?=", string(d15))
 }
+
+func TestToBigInt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestToBigInt")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name   string
+		input  any
+		want   *big.Int
+		hasErr bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "int",
+			input: 42,
+			want:  big.NewInt(42),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "int8",
+			input: int8(127),
+			want:  big.NewInt(127),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "int16",
+			input: int16(32000),
+			want:  big.NewInt(32000),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "int32",
+			input: int32(123456),
+			want:  big.NewInt(123456),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "int64",
+			input: int64(987654321),
+			want:  big.NewInt(987654321),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint",
+			input: uint(987654321),
+			want:  big.NewInt(987654321),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint8",
+			input: uint8(255),
+			want:  big.NewInt(255),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint16",
+			input: uint16(65535),
+			want:  big.NewInt(65535),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint32",
+			input: uint32(4294967295),
+			want:  big.NewInt(4294967295),
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "uint64",
+			input: uint64(18446744073709551615),
+			want:  new(big.Int).SetUint64(18446744073709551615),
+		},
+		{
+			name:   "unsupported type",
+			input:  3.14, // Unsupported type
+			hasErr: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := ToBigInt(tt.input)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.hasErr {
+				t.Errorf("ToBigInt() error = %v, hasErr %v", err, tt.hasErr)
+				return
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(tt.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}

cryptor/rsa_private.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+-----BEGIN rsa private key-----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=
+-----END rsa private key-----

cryptor/rsa_private_example.pem

@@ -1,51 +1,51 @@
 -----BEGIN rsa private key-----
-MIIJKQIBAAKCAgEA3bRSY5GD7uJB3jvwqa9ZZFpN3uLIGbbPA+yiyf6tJZp3K3rm
+MIIJJwIBAAKCAgEAwGdN8KE2NTK41cVN7i6mZZS5J86gjNs0LJDHylb2GG+K4O8s
-kVFfEcWqtK1EfHvd9G4rqLYJ9ZcohDZgD/WwmqJtaaWh2/7feMPaitp50bYVilpP
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-hTRrIFR5+Nv888MuZ9UDfKdQIlahMvqUqE+//tqXSzL18aFB1ufYh6A8bvtB+Yrm
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+fOQtpLwQSFnxDn/hkd9R/fQThQzcXinqCAv8db1hYUR4sVTmPH9lYjW2Og==
 -----END rsa private key-----

cryptor/rsa_public.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+-----BEGIN rsa public key-----
+MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEA5IqWfYbW1NlTDWE2plFW
+qD6CTquA0Ar/1E66lY8OMtrdpxTmchirmoISWN0BD7r2tV9T/kHs44Sy3raAfkR5
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+EBMST26qIlU0Ht+SQtaMdE2gyjkMM5RpLh1q/gpow+0j3zu6f5tDsu3qwgjLIx78
+YCTGUuCpsVMzFK4tahYSPNkCAwEAAQ==
+-----END rsa public key-----

cryptor/rsa_public_example.pem

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 -----BEGIN rsa public key-----
-MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEA3bRSY5GD7uJB3jvwqa9Z
+MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAwGdN8KE2NTK41cVN7i6m
-ZFpN3uLIGbbPA+yiyf6tJZp3K3rmkVFfEcWqtK1EfHvd9G4rqLYJ9ZcohDZgD/Ww
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-mqJtaaWh2/7feMPaitp50bYVilpPhaxULx+MIjQn3XXowYvr4fX7N052t4IC95tA
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-anPEEwZRQJOVMtibAxwI/ofUOCpTPtuK3AoErDxS18JPgjQ34yY4Jsch0de53+Sj
+BMDaHSzeNE2SyIuyflLC7GhQvHnkcQXkqJVNC1yesV7zYKDV/xYPI0NxN0kE+4eR
-Tk+bJpLUlnY4brm+A23FhwTlE5njrKA+Texrg52KJ8aPhLuVQBcZP1SJsxv2PZru
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-uD+0xfLDRrZ7BOTpun+1FBhdlxBefIfBQbBBfy7STw+ignTaO+IRIHhcqKZ+12Na
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-+4GAusmpSiB3LATy82h0nB0PX3hSOLYmFI61px4l/yM50E4brF1NFtd/BpoozZaj
+7bL1Td7huW6Knqbfh4/v+2m+2aNK1u0TfncFUr17wDDfeVj/xeNOSbPu2X/AppjV
-gxjJaznuZXFQ1YSG0JjCeszqdzU+6dexGTr+4Lr87NfLekmUX1nZYy/E5lST65lG
+X0rxmvWN+AByFfAuw7/kqMK7QZlA+5nNjmOojvryGOSu1he4PUnhRyJ7jofOIrLZ
-lI4hX1nR5+nVN9ALRYByNz6oJd0IfF4dhoNlGPc1VksskeY8rPZwXITbSifAN7zv
+9YYBXpRiY/WB8t+xWIlaoPXFmsOxSgMwzQFGMlnSFy7nK9T4znE0QFknOQNbELPE
-EiwKreFV3t0BLKsvWRu9GdpWy+d2AmelXkNm+QaH2mPM17euMoNZVyzizrZaJkh/
+B4UGLOEa5Tg6YD2ORDDSqCzMRdkE1kAgoMRC9DkRXE45KEcQlhMX9Pahwx3mPS4l
-aHO/UgY1/y7sXFl4akC9hk9ILONCUn6FVI4BXMXb5kZgwDk5tWE5A159LtC579yG
+MWABVudiEWyhGaR279OWjezqvtoLLBJ5GD9QL1XqaqCaJjp+qsHmX8re+MTA3ZJu
-cnxyc9Y9NNFOGrqFqPiu6QUCAwEAAQ==
+yUtRoPXPsKCe2nZ6Ma87DlUCAwEAAQ==
 -----END rsa public key-----

datastructure/link/doublylink.go

@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) Size() int {
 
 // Values return slice of all doubly linklist node value
 func (dl *DoublyLink[T]) Values() []T {
-	result := []T{}
+	result := make([]T, 0, dl.length)
 	current := dl.Head
 	for current != nil {
 		result = append(result, current.Value)

datastructure/link/singlylink.go

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) Size() int {
 
 // Values return slice of all singly linklist node value
 func (sl *SinglyLink[T]) Values() []T {
-	result := []T{}
+	result := make([]T, 0, sl.length)
 	current := sl.Head
 	for current != nil {
 		result = append(result, current.Value)

datastructure/queue/arrayqueue.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func NewArrayQueue[T any](capacity int) *ArrayQueue[T] {
 
 // Data return slice of queue data
 func (q *ArrayQueue[T]) Data() []T {
-	items := []T{}
+	items := make([]T, 0, q.tail-q.head)
 	for i := q.head; i < q.tail; i++ {
 		items = append(items, q.data[i])
 	}

datastructure/queue/linkedqueue.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func NewLinkedQueue[T any]() *LinkedQueue[T] {
 
 // Data return slice of queue data
 func (q *LinkedQueue[T]) Data() []T {
-	res := []T{}
+	res := make([]T, 0, q.length)
 	current := q.head
 
 	for current != nil {

datastructure/stack/linkedstack.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func NewLinkedStack[T any]() *LinkedStack[T] {
 
 // Data return stack data
 func (s *LinkedStack[T]) Data() []T {
-	res := []T{}
+	res := make([]T, 0, s.length)
 	current := s.top
 
 	for current != nil {

datastructure/tree/bstree_test.go

@@ -100,12 +100,6 @@ func TestBSTree_Delete(t *testing.T) {
 
 	acturl1 := bstree.InOrderTraverse()
 	assert.Equal([]int{2, 5, 6, 7}, acturl1)
-
-	//todo
-	// bstree.DeletetNode(6, comparator)
-	// bstree.Print()
-	// acturl2 := bstree.InOrderTraverse()
-	// assert.Equal([]int{2, 5, 7}, acturl2)
 }
 
 func TestBSTree_Depth(t *testing.T) {

datastructure/tree/tree_internal.go

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func printTreeNodes[T any](nodes []*datastructure.TreeNode[T], level, maxLevel i
 
 	printSpaces(firstSpaces)
 
-	newNodes := []*datastructure.TreeNode[T]{}
+	newNodes := make([]*datastructure.TreeNode[T], 0, len(nodes)*2)
 	for _, node := range nodes {
 		if node != nil {
 			fmt.Printf("%v", node.Value)

docs/api/packages/convertor.md

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ import (
 -   [ToUrlBase64](#ToUrlBase64)
 -   [ToRawStdBase64](#ToRawStdBase64)
 -   [ToRawUrlBase64](#ToRawUrlBase64)
+-   [ToBigInt](#ToBigInt)
 
 <div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
 
@@ -1149,3 +1150,33 @@ func main() {
     // ZXJy
 }
 ```
+
+### <span id="ToBigInt">ToBigInt</span>
+
+<p>将整数值转换为bigInt。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+func ToBigInt[T any](v T) (*big.Int, error)
+```
+
+<b>示例:</b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/convertor"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    n := 9876543210
+    bigInt, _ := convertor.ToBigInt(n)
+
+    fmt.Println(bigInt)
+    // Output:
+    // 9876543210
+}
+```

docs/api/packages/mathutil.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import (
 -   [Percent](#Percent)
 -   [RoundToFloat](#RoundToFloat)
 -   [RoundToString](#RoundToString)
--   [TruncRound](#TruncRound)
+-   [T运行cRound](#T运行cRound)
 -   [CeilToFloat](#CeilToFloat)
 -   [CeilToString](#CeilToString)
 -   [FloorToFloat](#FloorToFloat)
@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ import (
 -   [Sum](#Sum)
 -   [Abs](#Abs)
 -   [Div](#Div)
+-   [Variance](#Variance)
+-   [StdDev](#StdDev)
+-   [Permutation](#Permutation)
+-   [Combination](#Combination)
 
 <div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
 
@@ -64,7 +68,7 @@ import (
 <b>函数签名:</b>
 
 ```go
-func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) T
+func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) float64
 ```
 
 <b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/HFd70x4DrMj)</span></b>
@@ -87,7 +91,7 @@ func main() {
     fmt.Println(result2)
 
     // Output:
-    // 1
+    // 1.5
     // 1.3
 }
 ```
@@ -462,14 +466,14 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
-### <span id="TruncRound">TruncRound</span>
+### <span id="T运行cRound">T运行cRound</span>
 
 <p>截短n位小数（不进行四舍五入）</p>
 
 <b>函数签名:</b>
 
 ```go
-func TruncRound[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](x T, n int) T 
+func T运行cRound[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](x T, n int) T 
 ```
 
 <b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/aumarSHIGzP)</span></b>
@@ -483,9 +487,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 func main() {
-    result1 := mathutil.TruncRound(0.124, 2)
+    result1 := mathutil.T运行cRound(0.124, 2)
-    result2 := mathutil.TruncRound(0.125, 2)
+    result2 := mathutil.T运行cRound(0.125, 2)
-    result3 := mathutil.TruncRound(0.125, 3)
+    result3 := mathutil.T运行cRound(0.125, 3)
 
     fmt.Println(result1)
     fmt.Println(result2)
@@ -1045,8 +1049,8 @@ import (
 
 func main() {
     result1 := mathutil.Log(8, 2)
-    result2 := mathutil.TruncRound(mathutil.Log(5, 2), 2)
+    result2 := mathutil.T运行cRound(mathutil.Log(5, 2), 2)
-    result3 := mathutil.TruncRound(mathutil.Log(27, 3), 0)
+    result3 := mathutil.T运行cRound(mathutil.Log(27, 3), 0)
 
     fmt.Println(result1)
     fmt.Println(result2)
@@ -1163,3 +1167,135 @@ func main() {
     // 0
 }
 ```
+
+### <span id="Variance">Variance</span>
+
+<p>计算方差。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:</b>
+
+```go
+func Variance[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64
+```
+
+<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[示例](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Variance([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+    result2 := mathutil.Variance([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5})
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 2
+    // 2.42
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="StdDev">StdDev</span>
+
+<p>计算标准差。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:</b>
+
+```go
+func StdDev[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64
+```
+
+<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.T运行cRound(mathutil.StdDev([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 2)
+    result2 := mathutil.T运行cRound(mathutil.StdDev([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5}), 2)
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 1.41
+    // 1.55
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="Permutation">Permutation</span>
+
+<p>计算排列数P(n, k)。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:</b>
+
+```go
+func Permutation(n, k uint) uint
+```
+
+<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Permutation(5, 3)
+    result2 := mathutil.Permutation(5, 5)
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 60
+    // 120
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="Combination">Combination</span>
+
+<p>计算组合数C(n, k)。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:</b>
+
+```go
+func Combination(n, k uint) uint
+```
+
+<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Combination(5, 3)
+    result2 := mathutil.Combination(5, 5)
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 10
+    // 1
+}
+```

docs/api/packages/random.md

@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ func main() {
 ```
 ### <span id="RandNumberOfLength">RandNumberOfLength</span>
 
-<p>生成指定长度的随机数</p>
+<p>生成指定长度的随机数。</p>
 
 <b>函数签名:</b>
 

docs/en/api/packages/convertor.md

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ import (
 -   [ToUrlBase64](#ToUrlBase64)
 -   [ToRawStdBase64](#ToRawStdBase64)
 -   [ToRawUrlBase64](#ToRawUrlBase64)
+-   [ToBigInt](#ToBigInt)
 
 <div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
 
@@ -1117,3 +1118,33 @@ func main() {
     // &{test 1 0.1 true <nil> } false
 }
 ```
+
+### <span id="ToBigInt">ToBigInt</span>
+
+<p>Converts an integer of any supported type (int, int64, uint64, etc.) to *big.Int</p>
+
+<b>Signature:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+func ToBigInt[T any](v T) (*big.Int, error)
+```
+
+<b>Example:</b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/convertor"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    n := 9876543210
+    bigInt, _ := convertor.ToBigInt(n)
+
+    fmt.Println(bigInt)
+    // Output:
+    // 9876543210
+}
+```

docs/en/api/packages/mathutil.md

@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ import (
 -   [Sum](#Sum)
 -   [Abs](#Abs)
 -   [Div](#Div)
+-   [Variance](#Variance)
+-   [StdDev](#StdDev)
+-   [Permutation](#Permutation)
+-   [Combination](#Combination)
 
 <div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
 
@@ -64,7 +68,7 @@ import (
 <b>Signature:</b>
 
 ```go
-func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) T
+func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) float64
 ```
 
 <b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](https://go.dev/play/p/Vv7LBwER-pz)</span></b>
@@ -87,7 +91,7 @@ func main() {
     fmt.Println(result2)
 
     // Output:
-    // 1
+    // 1.5
     // 1.3
 }
 ```
@@ -1162,3 +1166,135 @@ func main() {
     // 0
 }
 ```
+
+### <span id="Variance">Variance</span>
+
+<p>Returns the variance of numbers.</p>
+
+<b>Signature:</b>
+
+```go
+func Variance[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64
+```
+
+<b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Variance([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+    result2 := mathutil.Variance([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5})
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 2
+    // 2.42
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="StdDev">StdDev</span>
+
+<p>Returns the standard deviation of numbers.</p>
+
+<b>Signature:</b>
+
+```go
+func StdDev[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64
+```
+
+<b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.TruncRound(mathutil.StdDev([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 2)
+    result2 := mathutil.TruncRound(mathutil.StdDev([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5}), 2)
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 1.41
+    // 1.55
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="Permutation">Permutation</span>
+
+<p>Calculates P(n, k).</p>
+
+<b>Signature:</b>
+
+```go
+func Permutation(n, k uint) uint
+```
+
+<b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Permutation(5, 3)
+	result2 := mathutil.Permutation(5, 5)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 60
+	// 120
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="Combination">Combination</span>
+
+<p>Calculates C(n, k).</p>
+
+<b>Signature:</b>
+
+```go
+func Combination(n, k uint) uint
+```
+
+<b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Combination(5, 3)
+	result2 := mathutil.Combination(5, 5)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 10
+	// 1
+}
+```

docs/en/guide/getting_started.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ outline: deep
 go get github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2 // will install latest version of v2.x.x
 ```
 
-2. <b>For users who use version below go1.18, you should install v1.x.x. The latest of v1.x.x is v1.4.4. </b>
+2. <b>For users who use version below go1.18, you should install v1.x.x. The latest of v1.x.x is v1.4.5. </b>
 
 ```go
 go get github.com/duke-git/lancet // below go1.18, install latest version of v1.x.x

docs/en/sponsor/sponsor.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ### Sponsor me
 
-<b>Hello, I am a software developer and have been engaged in development work for 13 years. Love open source software. And be willing to put in the energy for it. I am the creator of project [lancet](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet). Since Lancet was released as open source two years ago, it has been used by more than 1,000 internal and external projects. lancet will always be free for all users. Your support is a powerful encouragement for me to continue my struggle. Thanks! You can use WeChat to scans the following QR code or clicks the following sponsor button to initiate sponsorship.</b>
+<b>Hello, I am a software developer and have been engaged in development work for 15 years. Love open source software. And be willing to put in the energy for it. I am the creator of project [lancet](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet). Since Lancet was released as open source in 2021, it has been used by more than 1700 internal and external projects. lancet will always be free for all users. Your support is a powerful encouragement for me to continue my struggle. Thanks! You can use WeChat to scans the following QR code or clicks the following sponsor button to initiate sponsorship.</b>
 
 <style>
     .sponsor-ctn {

docs/guide/getting_started.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ outline: deep
 go get github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2 // will install latest version of v2.x.x
 ```
 
-2. <b>使用 go1.18 以下版本的用户，必须安装 v1.x.x。目前最新的 v1 版本是 v1.4.4。</b>
+2. <b>使用 go1.18 以下版本的用户，必须安装 v1.x.x。目前最新的 v1 版本是 v1.4.5。</b>
 
 ```go
 go get github.com/duke-git/lancet // below go1.18, install latest version of v1.x.x

docs/sponsor/sponsor.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ### 赞助
 
-<b>您好，我是一名软件开发者，从事开发工作 13 年。热爱软件开源。并愿意为此付出精力。是开源项目[lancet](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet)的作者。Lancet 自两年前开源发布以来，已有超过 1000 个内外部项目使用。lancet 一直会对所有用户免费。您的支持是对我继续奋斗的有力鼓励。谢谢! 微信扫描以下二维码或点击以下赞助按钮发起赞助。 </b>
+<b>您好，我是一名软件开发者，从事开发工作15年。热爱软件开源。并愿意为此付出精力。是开源项目[lancet](https://github.com/duke-git/lancet)的作者。Lancet自2021年前开源发布以来，已有超过1700个内外部项目使用。lancet一直会对所有用户免费。您的支持是对我继续奋斗的有力鼓励。谢谢! 微信扫描以下二维码或点击以下赞助按钮发起赞助。 </b>
 
 <style>
     .sponsor-ctn {

fileutil/file.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/csv"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/validator"
 	"io"
 	"io/fs"
 	"net/http"
@@ -24,6 +23,8 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/validator"
 )
 
 // FileReader is a reader supporting offset seeking and reading one
@@ -819,6 +820,7 @@ func WriteMapsToCsv(filepath string, records []map[string]any, appendToExistingF
 	if len(headers) > 0 {
 		columnHeaders = headers[0]
 	} else {
+		columnHeaders = make([]string, 0, len(records[0]))
 		for key := range records[0] {
 			columnHeaders = append(columnHeaders, key)
 		}
@@ -832,7 +834,7 @@ func WriteMapsToCsv(filepath string, records []map[string]any, appendToExistingF
 	}
 
 	for _, record := range records {
-		var row []string
+		row := make([]string, 0, len(columnHeaders))
 		for _, h := range columnHeaders {
 			row = append(row, fmt.Sprintf("%v", record[h]))
 		}

mathutil/mathutil.go

@@ -44,14 +44,19 @@ func Fibonacci(first, second, n int) int {
 	}
 }
 
-// Factorial calculate x!.
+// Factorial calculate n!.
 // Play: https://go.dev/play/p/tt6LdOK67Nx
-func Factorial(x uint) uint {
+func Factorial(n uint) uint {
-	var f uint = 1
+	if n == 0 || n == 1 {
-	for ; x > 1; x-- {
+		return 1
-		f *= x
 	}
-	return f
+
+	result := uint(1)
+	for i := uint(2); i <= n; i++ {
+		result *= i
+	}
+
+	return result
 }
 
 // Percent calculate the percentage of value to total.
@@ -224,14 +229,12 @@ func Sum[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) T {
 
 // Average return average value of numbers.
 // Play: https://go.dev/play/p/Vv7LBwER-pz
-func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) T {
+func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) float64 {
-	var sum T
+	var sum float64
-	n := T(len(numbers))
+	for _, num := range numbers {
-
+		sum += float64(num)
-	for _, v := range numbers {
-		sum += v
 	}
-	return sum / n
+	return sum / float64(len(numbers))
 }
 
 // Range creates a slice of numbers from start with specified count, element step is 1.
@@ -395,3 +398,54 @@ func Abs[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](x T) T {
 func Div[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](x T, y T) float64 {
 	return float64(x) / float64(y)
 }
+
+// Variance returns the variance of numbers.
+// Play: todo
+func Variance[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64 {
+	n := len(numbers)
+	if n == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	avg := Average(numbers...)
+	var sum float64
+
+	for _, v := range numbers {
+		sum += (float64(v) - avg) * (float64(v) - avg)
+	}
+
+	return sum / float64(n)
+}
+
+// StdDev returns the standard deviation of numbers.
+// Play: todo
+func StdDev[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64 {
+	return math.Sqrt(Variance(numbers))
+}
+
+// Permutation calculate P(n, k).
+// Play: todo
+func Permutation(n, k uint) uint {
+	if n < k {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	nFactorial := Factorial(n)
+	nMinusKFactorial := Factorial(n - k)
+
+	return nFactorial / nMinusKFactorial
+}
+
+// Combination calculate C(n, k).
+// Play: todo
+func Combination(n, k uint) uint {
+	if n < k {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	nFactorial := Factorial(n)
+	kFactorial := Factorial(k)
+	nMinusKFactorial := Factorial(n - k)
+
+	return nFactorial / (kFactorial * nMinusKFactorial)
+}

mathutil/mathutil_exmaple_test.go

@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func ExampleAverage() {
 	fmt.Println(result2)
 
 	// Output:
-	// 1
+	// 1.5
 	// 1.3
 }
 
@@ -478,3 +478,51 @@ func ExampleDiv() {
 	// 0.5
 	// 0
 }
+
+func ExampleVariance() {
+	result1 := Variance([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	result2 := Variance([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5})
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 2
+	// 2.42
+}
+
+func ExampleStdDev() {
+	result1 := TruncRound(StdDev([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 2)
+	result2 := TruncRound(StdDev([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5}), 2)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1.41
+	// 1.55
+}
+
+func ExamplePermutation() {
+	result1 := Permutation(5, 3)
+	result2 := Permutation(5, 5)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 60
+	// 120
+}
+
+func ExampleCombination() {
+	result1 := Combination(5, 3)
+	result2 := Combination(5, 5)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 10
+	// 1
+}

mathutil/mathutil_test.go

@@ -143,11 +143,22 @@ func TestAverage(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAverage")
 
-	assert.Equal(0, Average(0, 0))
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(1, Average(1, 1))
+		numbers  []int
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]int{0}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 1, 1}, 1},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4}, 2.5},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 3},
+	}
 
-	avg := Average(1.2, 1.4)
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-	assert.Equal(1.3, RoundToFloat(avg, 1))
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, Average(tt.numbers...))
+	}
+
+	avg := Average(1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4)
+	assert.Equal(1.25, avg)
 }
 
 func TestSum(t *testing.T) {
@@ -413,3 +424,116 @@ func TestDiv(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(math.Inf(-1), Div(-8, 0))
 	assert.Equal(true, math.IsNaN(Div(0, 0)))
 }
+
+func TestVariance(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestVariance")
+
+	testIntNumbers := []struct {
+		numbers  []int
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]int{0}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 1, 1}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4}, 1.25},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 2.0},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testIntNumbers {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, TruncRound(Variance(tt.numbers), 2))
+	}
+
+	testFloatNumbers := []struct {
+		numbers  []float64
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]float64{0}, 0},
+		{[]float64{1, 1, 1}, 0},
+		{[]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4}, 1.51},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testFloatNumbers {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, TruncRound(Variance(tt.numbers), 2))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStdDev(t *testing.T) {
+
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestStdDev")
+
+	testIntNumbers := []struct {
+		numbers  []int
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]int{0}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 1, 1}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4}, 1.118},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 1.414},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testIntNumbers {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, TruncRound(StdDev(tt.numbers), 3))
+	}
+
+	testFloatNumbers := []struct {
+		numbers  []float64
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]float64{0}, 0},
+		{[]float64{1, 1, 1}, 0},
+		{[]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4}, 1.229},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testFloatNumbers {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, TruncRound(StdDev(tt.numbers), 3))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPermutation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestPermutation")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		n        uint
+		k        uint
+		expected uint
+	}{
+		{1, 1, 1},
+		{1, 0, 1},
+		{0, 1, 0},
+		{0, 0, 1},
+		{3, 2, 6},
+		{4, 2, 12},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, Permutation(tt.n, tt.k))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCombination(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestCombination")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		n        uint
+		k        uint
+		expected uint
+	}{
+		{1, 1, 1},
+		{1, 0, 1},
+		{0, 1, 0},
+		{0, 0, 1},
+		{3, 2, 3},
+		{4, 2, 6},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, Combination(tt.n, tt.k))
+	}
+}

netutil/http.go

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func ConvertMapToQueryString(param map[string]any) string {
 	if param == nil {
 		return ""
 	}
-	var keys []string
+	keys := make([]string, 0, len(param))
 	for key := range param {
 		keys = append(keys, key)
 	}

random/random.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"math"
 	"math/rand"
+	"os"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
 
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	MaximumCapacity = math.MaxInt>>1 + 1
+	MaximumCapacity = math.MaxInt32>>1 + 1
 	Numeral         = "0123456789"
 	LowwerLetters   = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
 	UpperLetters    = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
@@ -274,7 +275,9 @@ func nearestPowerOfTwo(cap int) int {
 // random generate a random string based on given string range.
 func random(s string, length int) string {
 	// 确保随机数生成器的种子是动态的
-	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+	pid := os.Getpid()
+	timestamp := time.Now().UnixNano()
+	rand.Seed(int64(pid) + timestamp)
 
 	// 仿照strings.Builder
 	// 创建一个长度为 length 的字节切片

slice/slice.go

@@ -921,36 +921,25 @@ func Merge[T any](slices ...[]T) []T {
 // Intersection creates a slice of unique elements that included by all slices.
 // Play: https://go.dev/play/p/anJXfB5wq_t
 func Intersection[T comparable](slices ...[]T) []T {
-	if len(slices) == 0 {
+	result := []T{}
-		return []T{}
+	elementCount := make(map[T]int)
-	}
-	if len(slices) == 1 {
-		return Unique(slices[0])
-	}
 
-	reducer := func(sliceA, sliceB []T) []T {
+	for _, slice := range slices {
-		hashMap := make(map[T]int)
+		seen := make(map[T]bool)
-		for _, v := range sliceA {
-			hashMap[v] = 1
-		}
 
-		out := make([]T, 0)
+		for _, item := range slice {
-		for _, val := range sliceB {
+			if !seen[item] {
-			if v, ok := hashMap[val]; v == 1 && ok {
+				seen[item] = true
-				out = append(out, val)
+				elementCount[item]++
-				hashMap[val]++
 			}
 		}
-		return out
 	}
 
-	result := reducer(slices[0], slices[1])
+	for _, item := range slices[0] {
-
+		if elementCount[item] == len(slices) {
-	reduceSlice := make([][]T, 2)
+			result = append(result, item)
-	for i := 2; i < len(slices); i++ {
+			elementCount[item] = 0
-		reduceSlice[0] = result
+		}
-		reduceSlice[1] = slices[i]
-		result = reducer(reduceSlice[0], reduceSlice[1])
 	}
 
 	return result

stream/stream.go

@@ -202,6 +202,7 @@ func (s Stream[T]) Skip(n int) Stream[T] {
 		return FromSlice(source)
 	}
 
+	source = make([]T, 0, l-n)
 	for i := n; i < l; i++ {
 		source = append(source, s.source[i])
 	}

structs/struct.go

@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ func (s *Struct) ToMap() (map[string]any, error) {
 
 // Fields returns all the struct fields within a slice
 func (s *Struct) Fields() []*Field {
-	var fields []*Field
 	fieldNum := s.rvalue.NumField()
+	fields := make([]*Field, 0, fieldNum)
 	for i := 0; i < fieldNum; i++ {
 		v := s.rvalue.Field(i)
 		sf := s.rtype.Field(i)

xerror/xerror.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func Wrap(cause error, message ...any) *XError {
 	err := newXError()
 
 	if len(message) > 0 {
-		var newMsgs []string
+		newMsgs := make([]string, 0, len(message))
 		for _, m := range message {
 			newMsgs = append(newMsgs, fmt.Sprintf("%v", m))
 		}