Merge branch 'rc'

algorithm/lrucache_test.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 func TestLRUCache(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLRUCache")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLRUCache")
 
 	cache := NewLRUCache[int, int](3)
 
@@ -16,19 +16,19 @@ func TestLRUCache(t *testing.T) {
 	cache.Put(2, 2)
 	cache.Put(3, 3)
 
-	asssert.Equal(3, cache.Len())
+	assert.Equal(3, cache.Len())
 
 	v, ok := cache.Get(1)
-	asssert.Equal(true, ok)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
-	asssert.Equal(1, v)
+	assert.Equal(1, v)
 
 	v, ok = cache.Get(2)
-	asssert.Equal(true, ok)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
-	asssert.Equal(2, v)
+	assert.Equal(2, v)
 
 	ok = cache.Delete(2)
-	asssert.Equal(true, ok)
+	assert.Equal(true, ok)
 
 	_, ok = cache.Get(2)
-	asssert.Equal(false, ok)
+	assert.Equal(false, ok)
 }

algorithm/search_test.go

@@ -8,34 +8,34 @@ import (
 
 func TestLinearSearch(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLinearSearch")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestLinearSearch")
 
 	numbers := []int{3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 1}
 	equalFunc := func(a, b int) bool {
 		return a == b
 	}
 
-	asssert.Equal(0, LinearSearch(numbers, 3, equalFunc))
+	assert.Equal(0, LinearSearch(numbers, 3, equalFunc))
-	asssert.Equal(-1, LinearSearch(numbers, 6, equalFunc))
+	assert.Equal(-1, LinearSearch(numbers, 6, equalFunc))
 }
 
 func TestBinarySearch(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBinarySearch")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBinarySearch")
 
 	sortedNumbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
 	comparator := &intComparator{}
 
-	asssert.Equal(4, BinarySearch(sortedNumbers, 5, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
+	assert.Equal(4, BinarySearch(sortedNumbers, 5, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
-	asssert.Equal(-1, BinarySearch(sortedNumbers, 9, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
+	assert.Equal(-1, BinarySearch(sortedNumbers, 9, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
 }
 
 func TestBinaryIterativeSearch(t *testing.T) {
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBinaryIterativeSearch")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBinaryIterativeSearch")
 
 	sortedNumbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
 	comparator := &intComparator{}
 
-	asssert.Equal(4, BinaryIterativeSearch(sortedNumbers, 5, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
+	assert.Equal(4, BinaryIterativeSearch(sortedNumbers, 5, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
-	asssert.Equal(-1, BinaryIterativeSearch(sortedNumbers, 9, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
+	assert.Equal(-1, BinaryIterativeSearch(sortedNumbers, 9, 0, len(sortedNumbers)-1, comparator))
 }

algorithm/sort_test.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (c *intComparator) Compare(v1 any, v2 any) int {
 
 func TestBubbleSortForStructSlice(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBubbleSortForStructSlice")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBubbleSortForStructSlice")
 
 	peoples := []people{
 		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
@@ -62,23 +62,23 @@ func TestBubbleSortForStructSlice(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
 	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
 
-	asssert.Equal(expected, actual)
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
 }
 
 func TestBubbleSortForIntSlice(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBubbleSortForIntSlice")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestBubbleSortForIntSlice")
 
 	numbers := []int{2, 1, 5, 3, 6, 4}
 	comparator := &intComparator{}
 	BubbleSort(numbers, comparator)
 
-	asssert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, numbers)
+	assert.Equal([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, numbers)
 }
 
 func TestInsertionSort(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestInsertionSort")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestInsertionSort")
 
 	peoples := []people{
 		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
@@ -93,12 +93,12 @@ func TestInsertionSort(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
 	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
 
-	asssert.Equal(expected, actual)
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
 }
 
 func TestSelectionSort(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSelectionSort")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestSelectionSort")
 
 	peoples := []people{
 		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
@@ -113,12 +113,12 @@ func TestSelectionSort(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
 	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
 
-	asssert.Equal(expected, actual)
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
 }
 
 func TestShellSort(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestShellSort")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestShellSort")
 
 	peoples := []people{
 		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ func TestShellSort(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
 	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
 
-	asssert.Equal(expected, actual)
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
 }
 
 func TestQuickSort(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestQuickSort")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestQuickSort")
 
 	peoples := []people{
 		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
@@ -153,12 +153,12 @@ func TestQuickSort(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
 	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
 
-	asssert.Equal(expected, actual)
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
 }
 
 func TestHeapSort(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHeapSort")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestHeapSort")
 
 	peoples := []people{
 		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
@@ -173,12 +173,12 @@ func TestHeapSort(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
 	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
 
-	asssert.Equal(expected, actual)
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
 }
 
 func TestMergeSort(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMergeSort")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestMergeSort")
 
 	peoples := []people{
 		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
@@ -193,12 +193,12 @@ func TestMergeSort(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
 	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", peoples)
 
-	asssert.Equal(expected, actual)
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
 }
 
 func TestCountSort(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	asssert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestCountSort")
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestCountSort")
 
 	peoples := []people{
 		{Name: "a", Age: 20},
@@ -213,5 +213,5 @@ func TestCountSort(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := "[{d 8} {b 10} {c 17} {a 20} {e 28}]"
 	actual := fmt.Sprintf("%v", sortedPeopleByAge)
 
-	asssert.Equal(expected, actual)
+	assert.Equal(expected, actual)
 }

cryptor/rsa_private_example.pem

@@ -1,51 +1,51 @@
 -----BEGIN rsa private key-----
-MIIJKQIBAAKCAgEA3bRSY5GD7uJB3jvwqa9ZZFpN3uLIGbbPA+yiyf6tJZp3K3rm
+MIIJKAIBAAKCAgEAymvyNgI0T1P/DnFA2FomMrx4SzBf9p4VJ70AyYmbdeGhtzh+
-kVFfEcWqtK1EfHvd9G4rqLYJ9ZcohDZgD/WwmqJtaaWh2/7feMPaitp50bYVilpP
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+9IZyUBoN+yHrFVF+O6ZZiSzSz8xSVhwoLTrBX3D2qrP02jg4sG1coiEX6iE=
 -----END rsa private key-----

cryptor/rsa_public_example.pem

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 -----BEGIN rsa public key-----
-MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEA3bRSY5GD7uJB3jvwqa9Z
+MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAymvyNgI0T1P/DnFA2Fom
-ZFpN3uLIGbbPA+yiyf6tJZp3K3rmkVFfEcWqtK1EfHvd9G4rqLYJ9ZcohDZgD/Ww
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-mqJtaaWh2/7feMPaitp50bYVilpPhaxULx+MIjQn3XXowYvr4fX7N052t4IC95tA
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-anPEEwZRQJOVMtibAxwI/ofUOCpTPtuK3AoErDxS18JPgjQ34yY4Jsch0de53+Sj
+GvluAudTZPqnkcqnUd8ngfhahCQrMi+sKqiqOWC/D0FVSclfugWw5/EBxJJSBSPY
-Tk+bJpLUlnY4brm+A23FhwTlE5njrKA+Texrg52KJ8aPhLuVQBcZP1SJsxv2PZru
+umLJelbk3PqXtVm46mvGnlQlfHGppYQ5Nj6zKilCgoJoAHURp4dAaOwAhVOtc31M
-uD+0xfLDRrZ7BOTpun+1FBhdlxBefIfBQbBBfy7STw+ignTaO+IRIHhcqKZ+12Na
+0WPre/9th4TodZu1GeqFt5HqmMeP5+p2GDNDSxDNP3lgCgSqwRzy4pYaE5e70azn
-+4GAusmpSiB3LATy82h0nB0PX3hSOLYmFI61px4l/yM50E4brF1NFtd/BpoozZaj
+Os5iaclAAlrLN3aSK6lDT+BGQbQrQgM47x3flMfszqNeuaBwdiNyzEodhT8eiYl8
-gxjJaznuZXFQ1YSG0JjCeszqdzU+6dexGTr+4Lr87NfLekmUX1nZYy/E5lST65lG
+m08B1sVI811q7pG8WUVZjIYs2BzVjK/VDnvbEyayX+RGCAXr5M/bfDM1YRfVS9TW
-lI4hX1nR5+nVN9ALRYByNz6oJd0IfF4dhoNlGPc1VksskeY8rPZwXITbSifAN7zv
+xspQNB3pyxgLX//LJIATbutUVKcrjxjoS7GdEocSruTOm/J+ZMTm0EqhsbRHVm+7
-EiwKreFV3t0BLKsvWRu9GdpWy+d2AmelXkNm+QaH2mPM17euMoNZVyzizrZaJkh/
+GcsSLaiSACEq+ONQJsN1x1o2GGVEi3pEZnDITSsokdcyrBj1A9a5Hx4tSiMbg88g
-aHO/UgY1/y7sXFl4akC9hk9ILONCUn6FVI4BXMXb5kZgwDk5tWE5A159LtC579yG
+S4MPOALzBTmEVneQC+U5HTG/erUpZk6/AhT9Flk3HQTNIdzz8a2Clfeh4GU1JoKB
-cnxyc9Y9NNFOGrqFqPiu6QUCAwEAAQ==
+4u++XPt4M5h75OWnd5r9HYUCAwEAAQ==
 -----END rsa public key-----

docs/api/packages/mathutil.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import (
 -   [Percent](#Percent)
 -   [RoundToFloat](#RoundToFloat)
 -   [RoundToString](#RoundToString)
--   [TruncRound](#TruncRound)
+-   [T运行cRound](#T运行cRound)
 -   [CeilToFloat](#CeilToFloat)
 -   [CeilToString](#CeilToString)
 -   [FloorToFloat](#FloorToFloat)
@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ import (
 -   [Sum](#Sum)
 -   [Abs](#Abs)
 -   [Div](#Div)
+-   [Variance](#Variance)
+-   [StdDev](#StdDev)
+-   [Permutation](#Permutation)
+-   [Combination](#Combination)
 
 <div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
 
@@ -64,7 +68,7 @@ import (
 <b>函数签名:</b>
 
 ```go
-func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) T
+func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) float64
 ```
 
 <b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/HFd70x4DrMj)</span></b>
@@ -87,7 +91,7 @@ func main() {
     fmt.Println(result2)
 
     // Output:
-    // 1
+    // 1.5
     // 1.3
 }
 ```
@@ -462,14 +466,14 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
-### <span id="TruncRound">TruncRound</span>
+### <span id="T运行cRound">T运行cRound</span>
 
 <p>截短n位小数（不进行四舍五入）</p>
 
 <b>函数签名:</b>
 
 ```go
-func TruncRound[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](x T, n int) T 
+func T运行cRound[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](x T, n int) T 
 ```
 
 <b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](https://go.dev/play/p/aumarSHIGzP)</span></b>
@@ -483,9 +487,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 func main() {
-    result1 := mathutil.TruncRound(0.124, 2)
+    result1 := mathutil.T运行cRound(0.124, 2)
-    result2 := mathutil.TruncRound(0.125, 2)
+    result2 := mathutil.T运行cRound(0.125, 2)
-    result3 := mathutil.TruncRound(0.125, 3)
+    result3 := mathutil.T运行cRound(0.125, 3)
 
     fmt.Println(result1)
     fmt.Println(result2)
@@ -1045,8 +1049,8 @@ import (
 
 func main() {
     result1 := mathutil.Log(8, 2)
-    result2 := mathutil.TruncRound(mathutil.Log(5, 2), 2)
+    result2 := mathutil.T运行cRound(mathutil.Log(5, 2), 2)
-    result3 := mathutil.TruncRound(mathutil.Log(27, 3), 0)
+    result3 := mathutil.T运行cRound(mathutil.Log(27, 3), 0)
 
     fmt.Println(result1)
     fmt.Println(result2)
@@ -1162,4 +1166,136 @@ func main() {
     // 0.5
     // 0
 }
+```
+
+### <span id="Variance">Variance</span>
+
+<p>计算方差。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:</b>
+
+```go
+func Variance[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64
+```
+
+<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[示例](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Variance([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+    result2 := mathutil.Variance([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5})
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 2
+    // 2.42
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="StdDev">StdDev</span>
+
+<p>计算标准差。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:</b>
+
+```go
+func StdDev[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64
+```
+
+<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.T运行cRound(mathutil.StdDev([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 2)
+    result2 := mathutil.T运行cRound(mathutil.StdDev([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5}), 2)
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 1.41
+    // 1.55
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="Permutation">Permutation</span>
+
+<p>计算排列数（P(n, k)）。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:</b>
+
+```go
+func Permutation(n, k uint) uint
+```
+
+<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Permutation(5, 3)
+    result2 := mathutil.Permutation(5, 5)
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 60
+    // 120
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="Combination">Combination</span>
+
+<p>计算组合数（C(n, k)）。</p>
+
+<b>函数签名:</b>
+
+```go
+func Combination(n, k uint) uint
+```
+
+<b>示例:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[运行](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Combination(5, 3)
+    result2 := mathutil.Combination(5, 5)
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 10
+    // 1
+}
 ```

docs/en/api/packages/mathutil.md

@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ import (
 -   [Sum](#Sum)
 -   [Abs](#Abs)
 -   [Div](#Div)
+-   [Variance](#Variance)
+-   [StdDev](#StdDev)
+-   [Permutation](#Permutation)
+-   [Combination](#Combination)
 
 <div STYLE="page-break-after: always;"></div>
 
@@ -64,7 +68,7 @@ import (
 <b>Signature:</b>
 
 ```go
-func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) T
+func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) float64
 ```
 
 <b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](https://go.dev/play/p/Vv7LBwER-pz)</span></b>
@@ -87,7 +91,7 @@ func main() {
     fmt.Println(result2)
 
     // Output:
-    // 1
+    // 1.5
     // 1.3
 }
 ```
@@ -1161,4 +1165,136 @@ func main() {
     // 0.5
     // 0
 }
+```
+
+### <span id="Variance">Variance</span>
+
+<p>Returns the variance of numbers.</p>
+
+<b>Signature:</b>
+
+```go
+func Variance[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64
+```
+
+<b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Variance([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+    result2 := mathutil.Variance([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5})
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 2
+    // 2.42
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="StdDev">StdDev</span>
+
+<p>Returns the standard deviation of numbers.</p>
+
+<b>Signature:</b>
+
+```go
+func StdDev[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64
+```
+
+<b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.TruncRound(mathutil.StdDev([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 2)
+    result2 := mathutil.TruncRound(mathutil.StdDev([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5}), 2)
+
+    fmt.Println(result1)
+    fmt.Println(result2)
+
+    // Output:
+    // 1.41
+    // 1.55
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="Permutation">Permutation</span>
+
+<p>Calculates P(n, k).</p>
+
+<b>Signature:</b>
+
+```go
+func Permutation(n, k uint) uint
+```
+
+<b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Permutation(5, 3)
+	result2 := mathutil.Permutation(5, 5)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 60
+	// 120
+}
+```
+
+### <span id="Combination">Combination</span>
+
+<p>Calculates C(n, k).</p>
+
+<b>Signature:</b>
+
+```go
+func Combination(n, k uint) uint
+```
+
+<b>Example:<span style="float:right;display:inline-block;">[Run](todo)</span></b>
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "github.com/duke-git/lancet/v2/mathutil"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result1 := mathutil.Combination(5, 3)
+	result2 := mathutil.Combination(5, 5)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 10
+	// 1
+}
 ```

mathutil/mathutil.go

@@ -44,14 +44,19 @@ func Fibonacci(first, second, n int) int {
 	}
 }
 
-// Factorial calculate x!.
+// Factorial calculate n!.
 // Play: https://go.dev/play/p/tt6LdOK67Nx
-func Factorial(x uint) uint {
+func Factorial(n uint) uint {
-	var f uint = 1
+	if n == 0 || n == 1 {
-	for ; x > 1; x-- {
+		return 1
-		f *= x
 	}
-	return f
+
+	result := uint(1)
+	for i := uint(2); i <= n; i++ {
+		result *= i
+	}
+
+	return result
 }
 
 // Percent calculate the percentage of value to total.
@@ -224,14 +229,12 @@ func Sum[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) T {
 
 // Average return average value of numbers.
 // Play: https://go.dev/play/p/Vv7LBwER-pz
-func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) T {
+func Average[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](numbers ...T) float64 {
-	var sum T
+	var sum float64
-	n := T(len(numbers))
+	for _, num := range numbers {
-
+		sum += float64(num)
-	for _, v := range numbers {
-		sum += v
 	}
-	return sum / n
+	return sum / float64(len(numbers))
 }
 
 // Range creates a slice of numbers from start with specified count, element step is 1.
@@ -395,3 +398,54 @@ func Abs[T constraints.Integer | constraints.Float](x T) T {
 func Div[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](x T, y T) float64 {
 	return float64(x) / float64(y)
 }
+
+// Variance returns the variance of numbers.
+// Play: todo
+func Variance[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64 {
+	n := len(numbers)
+	if n == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	avg := Average(numbers...)
+	var sum float64
+
+	for _, v := range numbers {
+		sum += (float64(v) - avg) * (float64(v) - avg)
+	}
+
+	return sum / float64(n)
+}
+
+// StdDev returns the standard deviation of numbers.
+// Play: todo
+func StdDev[T constraints.Float | constraints.Integer](numbers []T) float64 {
+	return math.Sqrt(Variance(numbers))
+}
+
+// Permutation calculate P(n, k).
+// Play: todo
+func Permutation(n, k uint) uint {
+	if n < k {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	nFactorial := Factorial(n)
+	nMinusKFactorial := Factorial(n - k)
+
+	return nFactorial / nMinusKFactorial
+}
+
+// Combination calculate C(n, k).
+// Play: todo
+func Combination(n, k uint) uint {
+	if n < k {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	nFactorial := Factorial(n)
+	kFactorial := Factorial(k)
+	nMinusKFactorial := Factorial(n - k)
+
+	return nFactorial / (kFactorial * nMinusKFactorial)
+}

mathutil/mathutil_exmaple_test.go

@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func ExampleAverage() {
 	fmt.Println(result2)
 
 	// Output:
-	// 1
+	// 1.5
 	// 1.3
 }
 
@@ -478,3 +478,51 @@ func ExampleDiv() {
 	// 0.5
 	// 0
 }
+
+func ExampleVariance() {
+	result1 := Variance([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	result2 := Variance([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5})
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 2
+	// 2.42
+}
+
+func ExampleStdDev() {
+	result1 := TruncRound(StdDev([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 2)
+	result2 := TruncRound(StdDev([]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5}), 2)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 1.41
+	// 1.55
+}
+
+func ExamplePermutation() {
+	result1 := Permutation(5, 3)
+	result2 := Permutation(5, 5)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 60
+	// 120
+}
+
+func ExampleCombination() {
+	result1 := Combination(5, 3)
+	result2 := Combination(5, 5)
+
+	fmt.Println(result1)
+	fmt.Println(result2)
+
+	// Output:
+	// 10
+	// 1
+}

mathutil/mathutil_test.go

@@ -143,11 +143,22 @@ func TestAverage(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestAverage")
 
-	assert.Equal(0, Average(0, 0))
+	tests := []struct {
-	assert.Equal(1, Average(1, 1))
+		numbers  []int
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]int{0}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 1, 1}, 1},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4}, 2.5},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 3},
+	}
 
-	avg := Average(1.2, 1.4)
+	for _, tt := range tests {
-	assert.Equal(1.3, RoundToFloat(avg, 1))
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, Average(tt.numbers...))
+	}
+
+	avg := Average(1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4)
+	assert.Equal(1.25, avg)
 }
 
 func TestSum(t *testing.T) {
@@ -413,3 +424,116 @@ func TestDiv(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(math.Inf(-1), Div(-8, 0))
 	assert.Equal(true, math.IsNaN(Div(0, 0)))
 }
+
+func TestVariance(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestVariance")
+
+	testIntNumbers := []struct {
+		numbers  []int
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]int{0}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 1, 1}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4}, 1.25},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 2.0},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testIntNumbers {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, TruncRound(Variance(tt.numbers), 2))
+	}
+
+	testFloatNumbers := []struct {
+		numbers  []float64
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]float64{0}, 0},
+		{[]float64{1, 1, 1}, 0},
+		{[]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4}, 1.51},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testFloatNumbers {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, TruncRound(Variance(tt.numbers), 2))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStdDev(t *testing.T) {
+
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestStdDev")
+
+	testIntNumbers := []struct {
+		numbers  []int
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]int{0}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 1, 1}, 0},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4}, 1.118},
+		{[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 1.414},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testIntNumbers {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, TruncRound(StdDev(tt.numbers), 3))
+	}
+
+	testFloatNumbers := []struct {
+		numbers  []float64
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{[]float64{0}, 0},
+		{[]float64{1, 1, 1}, 0},
+		{[]float64{1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4}, 1.229},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testFloatNumbers {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, TruncRound(StdDev(tt.numbers), 3))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPermutation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestPermutation")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		n        uint
+		k        uint
+		expected uint
+	}{
+		{1, 1, 1},
+		{1, 0, 1},
+		{0, 1, 0},
+		{0, 0, 1},
+		{3, 2, 6},
+		{4, 2, 12},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, Permutation(tt.n, tt.k))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCombination(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	assert := internal.NewAssert(t, "TestCombination")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		n        uint
+		k        uint
+		expected uint
+	}{
+		{1, 1, 1},
+		{1, 0, 1},
+		{0, 1, 0},
+		{0, 0, 1},
+		{3, 2, 3},
+		{4, 2, 6},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		assert.Equal(tt.expected, Combination(tt.n, tt.k))
+	}
+}

random/random.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"math"
 	"math/rand"
+	"os"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
 
@@ -274,7 +275,9 @@ func nearestPowerOfTwo(cap int) int {
 // random generate a random string based on given string range.
 func random(s string, length int) string {
 	// 确保随机数生成器的种子是动态的
-	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+	pid := os.Getpid()
+	timestamp := time.Now().UnixNano()
+	rand.Seed(int64(pid) + timestamp)
 
 	// 仿照strings.Builder
 	// 创建一个长度为 length 的字节切片